scholarly journals Directions of Artillery Development on the Example of the US Military and Artillery Use in the Baltic Sea Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Adrian Golonka
Keyword(s):  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Current State ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crucial Part ◽  
State Of Field

This article discusses role of field artillery on battlefield and the current state of field artillery. The purpose of this article is to outline development directions of artillery capability. Army surface-to-surface indirect fires will have a crucial part on the future battlefield. Essential trends in field artillery include: increase in range of fires systems; develop and disseminate of multi-sensor active-seeker munitions; advancement automated command and control; develop and implementation systems order to protect ground forces and forward operating bases from the threat of rockets, artillery, and mortars (C-RAM).

Grain Market Integration in the Baltic Sea Region in the Nineteenth Century

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik N.G. Andersson ◽  
Jonas Ljungberg
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Dynamic Factor Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Factor ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Atlantic Economy ◽  
The Baltic

This article explores the development of market integration within the Baltic Sea region and with England, from the 1840s to the late 1880s. It exploits two new datasets on grain prices. The degree of market integration is estimated using a wavelet variant of dynamic factor analysis that takes account of both time and distance. Additionally, we use the London corn market as the benchmark for the degree of market integration. Our results show that the role of distance disappeared in the wheat and rye, but not in the oats and barley trade, as the Baltic Sea Region became integrated into the Atlantic economy.

scholarly journals Role of Air Cargo and Road Feeder Services for Regional Airports – Case Studies from the Baltic Sea Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoli Beifert
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Air Cargo ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Regional Airports

Abstract Although airports play an important role the global and European economies, according to the new guidelines of the EU Commission on the new state aid rules for a competitive aviation industry (EC, 2014), it will be more difficult for unprofitable airports, to get financial public subsidies in the future. The Commission noted that the majority of regional airports experience severe problems to cover their operative costs, resulting from among other things from overlapping of airports’ catchment areas. The main objective of the above mentioned measures is not to close the regional airports, but to motivate them to operate on cost efficient, profitable and more flexible basis, stating however that and that the most inefficient airports will be still closed. In order face upcoming challenges, the regional airports shall reconsider their future development plans. Traditionally, the airports including small and regional airports focus on the passenger traffic and thus, the possible benefits and opportunities of the air cargo market are totally underestimated or even completely ignored. Most regional airports in the Baltic Sea region act totally isolated and do not have a clear picture of the current situation on the international air cargo market today, its future perspectives and sustainable development plans remain basically hidden. There are some examples when trying to meet the market demand, the regional airports have made huge, but unfortunately unjustified investments, e.g. improving airport infrastructure, runways, etc. However, the airports’ infrastructural investments alone cannot fulfil the expected “remedy” role for the airports’ sustainability. This paper aims at investigating the positioning and the role of the regional airports in the current hub-and-spoke network, focusing on the relevance and potential of the air cargo sector for the regional airports development. The optional freight value proposition for the development of the regional airports and their possible participation in the air cargo market as a supplement instrument to generate additional revenue also by means of so-called “air trucking” services will be presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Toward the Baltic Sea Socioeconomic Action Plan

AMBIO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1377-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Ollikainen ◽  
Berit Hasler ◽  
Katarina Elofsson ◽  
Antti Iho ◽  
Hans E. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper analyzes the main weaknesses and key avenues for improvement of nutrient policies in the Baltic Sea region. HELCOM’s Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP), accepted by the Baltic Sea countries in 2007, was based on an innovative ecological modeling of the Baltic Sea environment and addressed the impact of the combination of riverine loading and transfer of nutrients on the ecological status of the sea and its sub-basins. We argue, however, that the assigned country-specific targets of nutrient loading do not reach the same level of sophistication, because they are not based on careful economic and policy analysis. We show an increasing gap between the state-of-the-art policy alternatives and the existing command-and-control-based approaches to the protection of the Baltic Sea environment and outline the most important steps for a Baltic Sea Socioeconomic Action Plan. It is time to raise the socioeconomic design of nutrient policies to the same level of sophistication as the ecological foundations of the BSAP.

scholarly journals Regional higher education co-operation: a research proposal to compare the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea regions

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-224
Author(s):  
Stefan Ewert
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The Baltic

While the Baltic Sea Region is considered to be a pioneer region in the development of regional integration and identity, the Black Sea Region is regarded to be a laggard in terms of regionali¬zation and region building. My paper summarizes the role of regional higher education co-operation in the Baltic Sea regionalization process in theory and analyzes the empirical background of these assumptions. Yet, inasmuch an evaluation of the regions` status as a pioneer is possible only in a comparative perspective, I propose to compare the Black Sea and the Baltic Sea Region regarding their higher education networks systematically. My paper asks for the transferability of arguments in favor of a strong regional higher education co-operation in the Baltic Sea Region since the 1990s to today’s situation of the Black Sea Region. It concludes with some fundamental considerations on a comparative research project.

scholarly journals Computing War Narratives

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
Dave Young
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
War Narratives ◽  
Us Military ◽  
South Vietnam ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
And Control ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Hamlet

In this text, I will unpack the workings of a particular technological apparatus applied in South Vietnam during the war, contextualising it in the culture of systems-analysis which became prevalent in US defence strategy following the Second World War. This apparatus – called the Hamlet Evaluation System – was in formal operation from 1967 until 1973, and aimed to provide US Forces with a vital narrative of progress in their “pacification programmes” in Vietnam. With its disruptive use of computers, the immense scale and scope of its task, and its affordance of a managerial approach to warfare, this system raises a number of issues around the role of the computer as bureaucratic mediator – in this case, tasked with converting complex insurgencies into legible, systematic narratives. What kind of insights did it provide into the operations of the Vietcong insurgency? How does it fit into the wider ecologies of command and control in the US Military during the first few decades of the Cold War? As the Hamlet Evaluation System, almost fifty years after its inception, is still considered the “gold standard of [counterinsurgency]” (Connable 113), it remains an important case study for those trying to understand how computers structure the institutional bureaucracy of war, and how they are imagined as epistemological tools that can somehow reveal objective truths about the complex, dynamic reality of war.

EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-124
Author(s):  
Zane Šime
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Science Diplomacy ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Specific Setting ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Eu

Abstract: The evolution of the EU multilevel governance unleashes new dynamics that hold a potential to contribute to the theory-building of paradiplomacy and honing of a more nuanced understanding what is to be understood with science diplomacy in the EU specific setting. When evaluated in the context of a broader body of literature on paradiplomacy and science diplomacy, new empirical examples from the EU macroregional governance level, such as the discussed role of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg in coordinating a flagship of the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region called “Baltic Science Network,” should be treated with caution in terms of paying full attention to the distinct institutional environment in which a sub-national actor operates and pursues its initiatives.Resumen: La evolución de la gobernanza multiniveles en la UE desencadena una nueva dinámica que podría contribuir a la teorización de la para-diplomacia y a una comprensión más matizada de diplomacia científica en el marco específico de la UE. Cuando se evalúan en el contexto general de la literatura sobre para-diplomacia y diplomacia científica, los nuevos ejemplos empíricos de gobernanza macro-regional europea, como el controvertido papel de la Ciudad Libre y Hanseática de Hamburgo en la coordinación del “Baltic Science Network” como parte de la estrategia europea para la región del Mar Báltico, deben tratarse con cautela con respecto a la atención al entorno institucional diferenciado en el que un agente sub-nacional opera y lleva a cabo sus iniciativas.Résumé: L’évolution de la gouvernance multi-niveaux de l’UE génère une nouvelle dynamique qui pourrait contribuer à la théorisation de la paradiplomatie et à une compréhension plus nuancée du concept de diplomatie scientifique dans le cadre spécifique de l’UE. Lorsqu’ils sont évalués dans le contexte d’ensemble de la littérature sur la paradiplomatie et la diplomatie scientifique, les nouveaux exemples empiriques de gouvernance macro-régionale au sein de l’UE, tels que le rôle disputé de la Ville Libre et Hanséatique de Hambourg dans la coordination d’une stratégie de l’UE pour la région de la mer Baltique appelée “Baltic Science Network”, doivent être traités avec prudence pour ce qui est de l’attention portée à l’environnement institutionnel distinct dans lequel un acteur sous-national opère et poursuit ses initiatives.

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