scholarly journals Index of the Cycle of Money – the Case of Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Global Average ◽  
Monetary Crisis ◽  
Average Index

This paper seeks to make clear how the concept of the cycle of money works in an actual case scenario like this of the economic system of Bulgaria. The index of the cycle of money suggests how an economic system ought to counteract a monetary crisis and examines how well-structured a country’s economy is. The estimations of the index of the cycle of money of Bulgaria are compared with the global average index of the cycle of money. The estimations reveal that Bulgaria is close to the average global value. Bulgaria’s results show that it is a well-structured economy and can face an economic crisis. The applied methodology stands on the analysis of the theory, mathematical, statistical, and econometrical results. The current work is important as it represents the strength of Bulgaria’s economy to a potential crisis. The results could be achieved by the application of the theory of the cycle of money to a country’s economy. Prior real case scenario conclusions are from Latvia.

scholarly journals Index of the Cycle of Money: The Case of Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Constantinos Challoumis
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Global Average ◽  
Average Index

This paper sought to make clear how the concept of the cycle of money works in an actual case scenario like this of the economic system of Serbia. The index of the cycle of money suggests how an economic system ought to counteract an economic crisis and studies how well-structured is a country’s economy. The estimations of the index of the cycle of money of Serbia are compared with the global average index of the cycle of money. The estimations reveal that Serbia belongs to medium rate according to the average global value. Serbia results reveal that it is a fine structured economy and can face an economic crisis, with a moderate dynamic. The applied methodology based on the analysis of theory, mathematical, statistical, and econometrical results. Moreover, this is first published work for Serbia according to this theory and is part of a project that examines the cycle of money of multiple countries.

scholarly journals Index of the Cycle of Money - The Case of Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Constantinos Challoumis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Fiscal Crisis ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Global Average ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Average Index

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to apply the theory of cycle of money in the case of Greece. Prior works have determined the economic characteristics of the case of Latvia, Serbia, and Bulgaria, according to the concept of the theory of cycle of money. The index of the cycle of money suggests how an economic system should counteract a monetary and fiscal crisis and studies how well-structured is Greece’s economy. The estimations of the index of the cycle of money of Greece are compared with the global average index of the cycle of money. The results reveal that Greece is above the average global value. Then, Greece’s results reveal that it is a well-structured economy and can face an economic crisis. The current work is important as represents the strength of Greece’s economy with emphasis to the period of 2012 - 2017, of financial and economic crisis. The theory of the cycle of money covers the gap that exists for the structure and functionality of the economy, which formed on the derivative of GDP, giving the cycle of money. Moreover, it is the only theory that enhances the economy, without any negative effect of the fiscal or the monetary policy, as uses the same amount of money of an economy appropriately.

scholarly journals Index of the Cycle of Money - The Case of Latvia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Constantinos Challoumis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Mathematical Application ◽  
Global Average ◽  
First Time ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Average Index

AbstractResearch purpose. This paper has established the index of the cycle of money. The index shows the level of the appropriately structured economy. According to the theory of the cycle of money, it is examined if an amount of money is recycled in the economy a lot of times or this amount of money is lost from an economy to other economies or banks abroad, because of inadequate structure of the economy of the country, then the purpose of the paper is to show an application of the case cycle of money, here in the case of Latvia. Therefore, this work aims to clarify how the theory of the cycle of money works to a real case scenario, and in general, how the cycle of money applies to an economy. Moreover, the index of the cycle of money shows how an economy could counteract to an economic crisis and how well-structured it is.Design/Methodology/Approach. The methodology followed in this work is based on the mathematical application of the theory of the cycle of money. Then, the current results have as root the equations of this theory for the examination of the case of Latvia for the period from 2012 to 2017. Beyond the mathematical applications, the R.B.Q. model with the Q.E. method is applied to ensure the credibility of the results. Therefore, we have a real case scenario and a simulation case for the case of Latvia.Findings. The results of the index of the cycle of money to the case of Latvia are compared with the global average index of the cycle of money. The results show, as expected, that Latvia is above the average global value. Latvia’s findings show that it is a well-structured economy and can counteract an economic crisis.Originality/Value/Practical implications. The results are original and show for the first time the cycle of money of Latvia through the application of this theory. This research is the first application of the cycle of money in the case of index calculations. So, it is a completely new concept based on the theory of the cycle of money.

scholarly journals MEMBUMIKAN KONSEP SYARI'AH DALAM EKONOMI BERBASIS KERAKYATAN (BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL SEBAGAISEBUAH SOLUSI)

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Izza Mafruhah
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
The People ◽  
Monetary Crisis ◽  
The Impact

Economic crisis happened in Indonesian in 1997 gave enormous impacts. One of the serious impacts struck in banking. The people who are accustomed serious shock because of the bank liquidation. At that time, the appearance of banks with syari'ah principles, which at first did not get serious attention, started to take into consideration as safe banks. The profit sharing concept started to show the establishment and existence of Indonesian Muamalat Bank in Indonesian crisis situation.To save small-scale economic people, which also underwent the impact of monetary crisis, ICMI (Indonesian Moslem Scholarship Association), MUI (Indonesian Ulama Council) and BMI (Indonesian Muamalat Bank) encourage Indonesian Muamalat Bank, which established in 1994.BMT (Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil) is one of the Islamic Banking commitment for economic system based on the democracy. There are a lot of obstacles and hindrance faced by Syari'ah Banking including BMT. However all the obstacles and hindrance can be solved with discipline and professionalism to achieve the goal of "Baldatun Thoyibatun Warrobun Ghofur" (a prosperous country blessed by God).

scholarly journals Analisis Peran Negara Di Bidang Ekonomi Dalam Prespektif Sistem Kapitalisme, Sosialisme, Dan Ekonomi Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kambali
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The State ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Interest Rates

The economic crisis that convolved the world economy a few years ago is the result of a series of government policies in the economic field. Starting from the Subprime Mortgage in America, the crisis eventually spreads across all sectors of the economy. As analysts say that the explosion of the current economic crisis is caused by the trend of low interest rates that are applied by the Fed. The trend of low interest rates will give rise to expectation of market to future economic situation. It is characterized by the overflow of capital expansion in all sectors, especially in property sector. Today, along with the growing mobility of capital from one country to another as part of unavoidable economic liberalization, mobility of capital, on the one hand, has spawned some of the imbalances in the life of a State. The powerlessness can not be separated from economic ideology and system on state role in the economy. Capitalism with its laissez faire brings the concept of state minimal role in the economy. In the empirical facts, it is broken by the crisis situation in 1930 and today's financial crisis. Socialism tends to carry the central role of the State in the economy through the centralistic planning system. The fall of the Soviet Union in the 1980s brought the world to a choice whether reconstructing capitalism or socialism as Fukuyama and Gidden said. On the other hand, as the new system, the economic system of Islam brings the concept of the role of the State in the economy on the basis of universal values of Islam, such as justice in the economy which is reflected in the mechanism of the prohibition of riba (usury), just income distribution and redistribution of income through zakat and social security. This article is an exposure of the State's role in the economy which is studied through the perspective of today’s economic system. The systems are capitalism, socialism, and Islam. The article not only explores conceptual framework, but also also contains an empirical framework mapping and how the conceptual framework is operated. At the end, from the two mapping (conceptual and empirical), author draws a reflection of how the State should play a role in the economic field. Keywords: Capitalism, Socialism, Islam, Economic Role of State

scholarly journals Solar and Wind Energy Based Microgrid : Study of Architecture's Potential at Coastal Areas in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Abir Muhtadi ◽  
Ahmed Mortuza Saleque ◽  
Mohammad Abdul Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Extension Study ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Geographical Locations

Due to sheer dependency upon fossil fuel sources, Bangladesh as a country is not free from numerous negative aspects. Country’s requirement for a certain portion of power be generated from renewable energy sources is due and required renewable energy target (RET) needs to be fulfilled. In this study, potential of distinguished coastal sites for entirely renewable energy such as solar and wind sources based microgrid for chosen community is explored. Microgrid architecture is appropriate considering the coastal areas’ geographical locations and due to the inconvenience in grid extension. Study suggests, potential of coastal sites are found to be feasible for such structures based on real case scenario data and modelled technical scheme.

scholarly journals The crisis in economics – nature and ways to overcome it

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
A. D. Nekipelov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
Pure Science ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Neoclassical Economic Theory ◽  
Multiple Alternative ◽  
Alternative Approaches

Recent decades have witnessed an upsurge in multiple alternative approaches to unraveling major economic problems, together with the mainstream economic theory, which in this study has been considered an indicator of economic crisis. In this study, we attribute institutional stasis, as well as methodological heterogeneity of its two constituent sections, micro- and macroeconomics, to the primary drawbacks of neoclassical economic theory. Overcoming the crisis of economic science correlates with the creation of a general economic theory on the principles of “pure science,” with elucidated functions of various socioeconomic disciplines. If “pure economic theory” intends to form an intellectual layout of the economic system, then the “realistic sciences,” also including modern macroeconomics in this study, are tools for analyzing specific socioeconomic phenomena and processes. As people with consciousness and interests act in the society, this study postulates the existence of a certain zone of ambiguity, which cannot be entirely covered.

The Economic Crisis

2013 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Daniel Belingher ◽  
Cantemir Adrian Calin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Real Gdp

The current chapter shows the gap between the real economy and the financial markets in the United States during the pre-crisis period at the end of 2007, as well as during the subsequent crisis period. The current research chapter also emphasizes the catastrophic effect that financial markets had inside the whole economic system due to this gap. The premise from which this chapter starts can be found in the systems theory and consists in Heinz von Foerster’s theorem. This research has an empirical nature and shows in which way an anomaly within the system can destabilize the entire system, finally resulting in the installation of the crisis period that we are still facing. In order to illustrate this, the authors refer to the evolution of the values of DJIA and real GDP, observed between mid 1940s until 2010 in the United States.

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