Authenticity of speciality sugars – Determination of carbohydrate source and geographical origin of invert sugar syrup and burnt sugar syrup

2017 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Andreas G. Degenhardt ◽  
Elke Jansen ◽  
Timo, J. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
C4 Plants ◽  
Yeast Fermentation ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Sugar Syrup

Modern instrumental analytical methods for the determination of 13C/12C ratios are established to differentiate between metabolic products of C3 and C4 plants. Differentiation and identification of sucrose from pure beet (Beta vulgaris) and pure cane (Saccharum officinarum) are possible without doubt. Influenced by the worldwide hydrological cycle the determination of the isotope ratios of 2H/1H and 18O/16O as well as their variations provide information about geographical origin. Using samples of selected crystal cane sugar (CCS) with known origin, invert sugar syrups (ISS) as well as burnt sugar syrups (BSS) produced therefrom, the authenticity was determined. The speciality sugars ISS and BSS which were made from CCS could be identified as carbohydrates of C4 plants by using 13C/12C Isotope-Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS). In combination with yeast fermentation of ISS and sugar separation from BSS and fermentation into ethanol as well as knowledge about production water, the C2-H/O isotope ratios of ethanol can theoretically determine the geographical origin of the sugars.

Authenticity of sugar – Identification of plant source and determination of geographical origin of sucrose

2015 ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas G. Degenhardt
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
C3 And C4 Plants ◽  
Plant Source

The isotope ratios of water, organic matter and micronutrients from food are dependent on the circumstances and sites of their origin and production. Analytical methods, based on mass spectrometry, are established for routine determination of isotopes. Differentiation between metabolic pathways of C3 and C4 plants is realizable by determination 13C/12C ratios which can distinguish and identify sucrose from pure beet (Beta vulgaris) and pure cane (Saccharum officinarum). Influenced by the worldwide hydrological cycle the isotope ratios of 2H/1H and 18O/16O vary systematically, the variations give information about geographical origin. The exemplarily determination of authenticity is demonstrated by using mass spectrometric isotope ratio evaluation for identification of plant source and geographical origin with the help of selected sugar samples with known origin.

Precise determination of strontium isotope ratios by TIMS to authenticate tomato geographical origin

2014 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. Trincherini ◽  
C. Baffi ◽  
P. Barbero ◽  
E. Pizzoglio ◽  
S. Spalla
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Strontium Isotope ◽  
Strontium Isotope Ratios

Determination of the geographical origin of green coffee by principal component analysis of carbon, nitrogen and boron stable isotope ratios

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 2111-2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Serra ◽  
Claude G. Guillou ◽  
Fabiano Reniero ◽  
Luciano Ballarin ◽  
Maria I. Cantagallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Green Coffee

scholarly journals In-situ determination of antimony isotope ratios in Sb minerals by femtosecond LA-MC-ICP-MS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Benjamin Kaufmann ◽  
Marina Lazarov ◽  
Stefan Kiefer ◽  
Juraj Majzlan ◽  
Stefan Weyer
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Ablation ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Icp Ms

Here we present a method for in-situ determination of stable antimony (Sb) isotope compositions by ultraviolet (UV)-femtosecond-laser-ablation-multi-collector-ICP-MS (fs-LA-MC-ICP-MS). Metallic antimony and a number of Sb minerals (stibnite, senarmontite, chalcostibite, tetrahedrite,...

scholarly journals Hydrological response to different time scales of climatological drought: an evaluation of the Standardized Precipitation Index in a mountainous Mediterranean basin

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Vicente-Serrano ◽  
J. I. López-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Hydrological Droughts ◽  
Different Time Scales

Abstract. At present, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is the most widely used drought index to provide good estimations about the intensity, magnitude and spatial extent of droughts. The main advantage of the SPI in comparison with other indices is the fact that the SPI enables both determination of drought conditions at different time scales and monitoring of different drought types. It is widely accepted that SPI time scales affect different sub-systems in the hydrological cycle due to the fact that the response of the different water usable sources to precipitation shortages can be very different. The long time scales of SPI are related to hydrological droughts (river flows and reservoir storages). Nevertheless, few analyses empirically verify these statements or the usefulness of the SPI time scales to monitor drought. In this paper, the SPI at different time scales is compared with surface hydrological variables in a big closed basin located in the central Spanish Pyrenees. We provide evidence about the way in which the longer (>12 months) SPI time scales may not be useful for drought quantification in this area. In general, the surface flows respond to short SPI time scales whereas the reservoir storages respond to longer time scales (7–10 months). Nevertheless, important seasonal differences can be identified in the SPI-usable water sources relationships. This suggests that it is necessary to test the drought indices and time scales in relation to their usefulness for monitoring different drought types under different environmental conditions and water demand situations.

Determination of stable isotope ratios using nuclear reaction analysis coupled with a particle–gamma coincidence method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rangel Pestana Allegro ◽  
Márcia de Almeida Rizzutto ◽  
Nemitala Added ◽  
Vitor Ângelo Paulino de Aguiar ◽  
Dennis Lozano Toufen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reaction ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Nuclear Reaction Analysis ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Coincidence Method ◽  
Medium Energy ◽  
Gamma Coincidence

This study presents an alternative method to determine isotope ratios using a medium energy accelerator and simultaneously measuring the charged particles and gamma-rays produced in a nuclear reaction.

Geographic determination of coffee beans using multi-element analysis and isotope ratios of boron and strontium

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou-Chun Liu ◽  
Chen-Feng You ◽  
Chiou-Yun Chen ◽  
Yu-Ching Liu ◽  
Ming-Tsung Chung
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Multi Element Analysis
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