scholarly journals Aquaporin-1 and Endurance Performance: An Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A Rivera ◽  
Thomas D Fahey
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Aquaporin 1

Association Between An Aquaporin-1 Gene DNA Variation And Endurance Performance Status In Hispanics

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S164-S165
Author(s):  
Maria E. Florian ◽  
Juan Lopez-Taylor ◽  
Juan L. Martinez ◽  
Jose A. Martin ◽  
Claude Bouchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Status ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Aquaporin 1

scholarly journals Association Between An Aquaporin-1 Gene DNA Variation And Endurance Performance Status In Hispanics

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S164???S165
Author(s):  
Maria E. Florian ◽  
Juan Lopez-Taylor ◽  
Juan L. Martinez ◽  
Jose A. Martin ◽  
Claude Bouchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Status ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Aquaporin 1

scholarly journals Water and Deuterium Oxide Permeability through Aquaporin 1: MD Predictions and Experimental Verification

2007 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artem B. Mamonov ◽  
Rob D. Coalson ◽  
Mark L. Zeidel ◽  
John C. Mathai
Keyword(s):  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Constant ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Aquaporin 1 ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Osmotic Permeability ◽  
Protein Channels ◽  
And Diffusion

Determining the mechanisms of flux through protein channels requires a combination of structural data, permeability measurement, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. To further clarify the mechanism of flux through aquaporin 1 (AQP1), osmotic pf (cm3/s/pore) and diffusion pd (cm3/s/pore) permeability coefficients per pore of H2O and D2O in AQP1 were calculated using MD simulations. We then compared the simulation results with experimental measurements of the osmotic AQP1 permeabilities of H2O and D2O. In this manner we evaluated the ability of MD simulations to predict actual flux results. For the MD simulations, the force field parameters of the D2O model were reparameterized from the TIP3P water model to reproduce the experimentally observed difference in the bulk self diffusion constants of H2O vs. D2O. Two MD systems (one for each solvent) were constructed, each containing explicit palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (POPE) phospholipid molecules, solvent, and AQP1. It was found that the calculated value of pf for D2O is ∼15% smaller than for H2O. Bovine AQP1 was reconstituted into palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) liposomes, and it was found that the measured macroscopic osmotic permeability coefficient Pf (cm/s) of D2O is ∼21% lower than for H2O. The combined computational and experimental results suggest that deuterium oxide permeability through AQP1 is similar to that of water. The slightly lower observed osmotic permeability of D2O compared to H2O in AQP1 is most likely due to the lower self diffusion constant of D2O.

scholarly journals Caffeine Health Claims on Sports Supplement Labeling. Analytical Assessment According to EFSA Scientific Opinion and International Evidence and Criteria

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2095
Author(s):  
Pedro Estevan Navarro ◽  
Isabel Sospedra ◽  
Alejandro Perales ◽  
Cristina González-Díaz ◽  
Rubén Jiménez-Alfageme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Food Safety Authority ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Scientific Opinion ◽  
Term Performance

Caffeine is a food supplement widely consumed by athletes, but it has not been established. So far, the veracity of their labeling in terms of the dosage and cause/effect relationship aimed at the consumer. The aim is to analyze the health claims and the dosage presented on the labeling of caffeine supplements and to evaluate if they follow the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and international criteria. A descriptive cross-sectional study of a sample of caffeine supplements was carried out. The search was done through the Amazon and Google Shopping web portals. In order to assess the adequacy of the health claims, the guidelines of reference established by European Food Safety Authority were compared to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, International Olympic Committee, and Australian Institute of Sport guidelines; in addition, recent systematic reviews were addressed. A review of labels of 42 caffeine supplements showed that, in less than 3% of the products were the health claims supported by the recommendations and by the labeled quantity of caffeine. The claims that fully complied the recommendations were, “improves or increases endurance performance”, “improves strength performance”, or “improves short-term performance”. In most cases, the recommended dosage was 200 mg/day for these products, which is the minimum for the caffeine effects to be declared. The rest of the health claims were not adequate or need to be modified. Most of the health claims identified indicated an unproven cause and effect, which constitutes consumer fraud, and so must be modified or eliminated.

Vector field path following of a full-wing solar-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) landing based on Dubins path: a lesson from multiple landing failures

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
A. Guo ◽  
Z. Zhou ◽  
R. Wang ◽  
X. Zhao ◽  
X. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Vector Field ◽  
Path Following ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Lateral Control ◽  
Special Configuration ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Lateral Distance ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Line Path

Abstract The full-wing solar-powered UAV has a large aspect ratio, special configuration, and excellent aerodynamic performance. This UAV converts solar energy into electrical energy for level flight and storage to improve endurance performance. The UAV only uses a differential throttle for lateral control, and the insufficient control capability during crosswind landing results in a large lateral distance bias and leads to multiple landing failures. This paper analyzes 11 landing failures and finds that a large lateral distance bias at the beginning of the approach and the coupling of base and differential throttle control is the main reason for multiple landing failures. To improve the landing performance, a heading angle-based vector field (VF) method is applied to the straight-line and orbit paths following and two novel 3D Dubins landing paths are proposed to reduce the initial lateral control bias. The results show that the straight-line path simulation exhibits similar phenomenon with the practical failure; the single helical path has the highest lateral control accuracy; the left-arc to left-arc (L-L) path avoids the saturation of the differential throttle; and both paths effectively improve the probability of successful landing.

scholarly journals Vascular Inflammation Is Associated with Loss of Aquaporin 1 Expression on Endothelial Cells and Increased Fluid Leakage in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Golden Syrian Hamsters

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Lisa Allnoch ◽  
Georg Beythien ◽  
Eva Leitzen ◽  
Kathrin Becker ◽  
Franz-Josef Kaup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Intercellular Junctions ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Vascular Integrity ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Aquaporin 1 ◽  
Vascular Walls ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mock Infection

Vascular changes represent a characteristic feature of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection leading to a breakdown of the vascular barrier and subsequent edema formation. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed characterization of the vascular alterations during SARS-CoV-2 infection and to evaluate the impaired vascular integrity. Groups of ten golden Syrian hamsters were infected intranasally with SARS-CoV-2 or phosphate-buffered saline (mock infection). Necropsies were performed at 1, 3, 6, and 14 days post-infection (dpi). Lung samples were investigated using hematoxylin and eosin, alcian blue, immunohistochemistry targeting aquaporin 1, CD3, CD204, CD31, laminin, myeloperoxidase, SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein, and transmission electron microscopy. SARS-CoV-2 infected animals showed endothelial hypertrophy, endothelialitis, and vasculitis. Inflammation mainly consisted of macrophages and lower numbers of T-lymphocytes and neutrophils/heterophils infiltrating the vascular walls as well as the perivascular region at 3 and 6 dpi. Affected vessels showed edema formation in association with loss of aquaporin 1 on endothelial cells. In addition, an ultrastructural investigation revealed disruption of the endothelium. Summarized, the presented findings indicate that loss of aquaporin 1 entails the loss of intercellular junctions resulting in paracellular leakage of edema as a key pathogenic mechanism in SARS-CoV-2 triggered pulmonary lesions.

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