scholarly journals Asthma, Air Pollution and Environmental Exposure

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frieri Marianne ◽  
Mashaal Hyfaa ◽  
Kumar Krishan ◽  
Boutin Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Exposure

scholarly journals Is Environmental and Occupational Particulate Air Pollution Exposure Related to Type-2 Diabetes and Dementia? A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the UK Biobank

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9581
Author(s):  
Eirini Dimakakou ◽  
Helinor J. Johnston ◽  
George Streftaris ◽  
John W. Cherrie
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Job Exposure Matrix ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Particulate Air Pollution ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Human exposure to particulate air pollution (e.g., PM2.5) can lead to adverse health effects, with compelling evidence that it can increase morbidity and mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular disease. More recently, there has also been evidence that long-term environmental exposure to particulate air pollution is associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and dementia. There are many occupations that may expose workers to airborne particles and that some exposures in the workplace are very similar to environmental particulate pollution. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the UK Biobank cohort to verify the association between environmental particulate air pollution (PM2.5) exposure and T2DM and dementia, and to investigate if occupational exposure to particulates that are similar to those found in environmental air pollution could increase the odds of developing these diseases. The UK Biobank dataset comprises of over 500,000 participants from all over the UK. Environmental exposure variables were used from the UK Biobank. To estimate occupational exposure both the UK Biobank’s data and information from a job exposure matrix, specifically developed for UK Biobank (Airborne Chemical Exposure–Job Exposure Matrix (ACE JEM)), were used. The outcome measures were participants with T2DM and dementia. In appropriately adjusted models, environmental exposure to PM2.5 was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.02 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.03) per unit exposure for developing T2DM, while PM2.5 was associated with an odds ratio of 1.06 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.16) per unit exposure for developing dementia. These environmental results align with existing findings in the published literature. Five occupational exposures (dust, fumes, diesel, mineral, and biological dust in the most recent job estimated with the ACE JEM) were investigated and the risks for most exposures for T2DM and for all the exposures for dementia were not significantly increased in the adjusted models. This was confirmed in a subgroup of participants where a full occupational history was available allowed an estimate of workplace exposures. However, when not adjusting for gender, some of the associations become significant, which suggests that there might be a bias between the occupational assessments for men and women. The results of the present study do not provide clear evidence of an association between occupational exposure to particulate matter and T2DM or dementia.

scholarly journals Increased oxidative stress in allergic rhinitis. Attention; Ruywayda Adams

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-02
Author(s):  
Hilary Solomons
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Allergic Disorders

There is ample evidence that allergic disorders such as asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis are mediated by oxidative stress. Excessive exposure to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is the hallmark of oxidative stress and leads to damage of proteins, lipids and DNA. Oxidative stress occurs not only as a result of inflammation but also from environmental exposure to air pollution and cigarette smoke.

Evaluación de la exposición de ciclistas a la contaminación del aire: una revisión de la literatura

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-777
Author(s):  
Oscar D. Díaz-Fonseca ◽  
Nestor Y. Rojas-Roa ◽  
Alba I. Rodriguez-Pulido
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Environmental Pollutants

Objetivos Describir e interpretar las metodologías y resultados de los principales estudios relacionados con el monitoreo de contaminación atmosférica en ciclistas.Métodos Se buscaron y analizaron las investigaciones a nivel nacional e internacional de los últimos diez años en las bases de datos Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, Science Direct y Pubmed. La búsqueda se realizó de Agosto a Septiembre del año 2017 usando los siguientes descriptores de búsqueda para MeSH: air pollution, bicycling, environmental exposure, enviromental health, inhalation exposure, environmental pollutants, transportation, public health y toxicology, y para DeCS: contaminación del aire, ciclismo, exposición a riesgos ambientales, contaminantes ambientales, inhalación, transportes, salud pública y toxicología.Resultados Se identificaron diecinueve artículos publicados elegibles. La mayoría de los estudios se realizaron en Europa y Estados Unidos. En Latinoamérica se han reportado cuatro estudios. Otros estudios buscaban comparar la exposición en distintas rutas en bicicleta, comparar trayectos de una misma ruta, y otros determinar la relación distancia vs exposición. De igual manera, variables como el tráfico vehicular, la distancia a las fuentes de emisión y el tipo de ciclorruta, juegan un papel fundamental en la exposición a contaminantes en ciclistas.Conclusiones Se encontraron diversas variables que influyen de forma directa o indirectamente en la exposición a la contaminación del aire de los usuarios de bicicleta, así como algunos factores que pueden reducir la exposición a estos contaminantes. 

scholarly journals Association of Heart Rate Variability With Occupational and Environmental Exposure to Particulate Air Pollution

Circulation ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 986-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon R. Magari ◽  
Russ Hauser ◽  
Joel Schwartz ◽  
Paige L. Williams ◽  
Thomas J. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Particulate Air Pollution ◽  
Occupational And Environmental Exposure

Environmental exposure to combustion-derived air pollution is associated with reduced functional capacity in apparently healthy individuals

2013 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
pp. 583-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie Steinvil ◽  
Hezzy Shmueli ◽  
Eyal Ben-Assa ◽  
Eran Leshem-Rubinow ◽  
Itzhak Shapira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Apparently Healthy
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