scholarly journals The Risk of Developing Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis in a German Inception Cohort of Coal Miners of Ruhr Area - Results after 30 Years of Follow-up

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong M ◽  
Anderle L ◽  
Lenaerts H ◽  
Derwall R ◽  
Brand D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inception Cohort ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Ruhr Area ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
Coal Workers

“Re-Emergence” of Silicosis and Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-92
Author(s):  
Beris Penrose
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
Coal Workers

Some reporters, politicians, and doctors have described current cases as a “re-emergence” of these diseases, based on the notion that they had been eliminated. However, silicosis persisted in centuries-old industries like sandblasting and stonemasonry and coal workers pneumoconiosis (CWP) continued in coal mining. Until recently, their presence was obscured by a combination of factors such as misdiagnosis, especially if there was a history of smoking; the failure to follow up workers thought to have silicosis or CWP; the long latency period between dust exposure and disease onset that can conceal the link between the two; and the lack of data collection that may have revealed their presence. As the recent Queensland government inquiry into CWP noted, current cases are more accurately a reidentification.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Interleukin-8 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis: One-year Follow-up Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Seong Lee ◽  
Jae Hoon Shin ◽  
Joung Oh. Lee ◽  
Kyung Myung Lee ◽  
Ji Hong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Coal Workers ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Progression of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis absent further exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 748-751
Author(s):  
Kirsten S Almberg ◽  
Lee S Friedman ◽  
Cecile S Rose ◽  
Leonard H T Go ◽  
Robert A Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
Coal Workers

ObjectivesThe natural history of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) after cessation of exposure remains poorly understood.MethodsWe characterised the development of and progression to radiographic progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) among former US coal miners who applied for US federal benefits at least two times between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2013. International Labour Office classifications of chest radiographs (CXRs) were used to determine initial and subsequent disease severity. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify major predictors of disease progression.ResultsA total of 3351 former miners applying for benefits without evidence of PMF at the time of their initial evaluation had subsequent CXRs. On average, these miners were 59.7 years of age and had 22 years of coal mine employment. At the time of their first CXR, 46.7% of miners had evidence of simple CWP. At the time of their last CXR, 111 miners (3.3%) had radiographic evidence of PMF. Nearly half of all miners who progressed to PMF did so in 5 years or less. Main predictors of progression included younger age and severity of simple CWP at the time of initial CXR.ConclusionsThis study provides further evidence that radiographic CWP may develop and/or progress absent further exposure, even among miners with no evidence of radiographic pneumoconiosis after leaving the industry. Former miners should undergo regular medical surveillance because of the risk for disease progression.

scholarly journals Continued increase in prevalence of r-type opacities among underground coal miners in the USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 479-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi B Hall ◽  
David J Blackley ◽  
Cara N Halldin ◽  
A Scott Laney
Keyword(s):  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Central Appalachia ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
Coal Workers ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

IntroductionRespirable crystalline silica exposure has been implicated in the resurgence of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) in the USA. A 2010 report found an increasing prevalence of r-type opacities, which are associated with silicosis lung pathology, on the radiographs of working underground coal miners in central Appalachia. This analysis updates that report by assessing the prevalence of r-type opacities during 2010–2018 compared with earlier decades.MethodsData from the Coal Workers’ Health Surveillance Program were used to calculate the prevalence of r-type opacities on radiographs of working underground coal miners. The data were restricted to radiographs taken during 1 January 1980 to 15 September 2018. The presence of r-type opacities was defined as an r-type classification for either the primary or secondary shape/size of small opacities. Prevalence ratios for r-type opacities were calculated using log binomial regression.ResultsRadiograph classifications for 106 506 miners were included in analysis. For the USA overall, the prevalence of r-type opacities among miners with radiographs taken during 2010–2018 compared with 1980–1989 has increased (PR 2.4; 95% CI 1.9 to 3.0). For central Appalachia, the proportion of r-type opacities observed increased when comparing 1980–1989 to 2010–2018 (PR 6.0; 95% CI 4.6 to 7.9).ConclusionsThe prevalence of r-type opacities on the radiographs of Appalachian underground coal miners continues to increase, implicating exposure to crystalline silica in respirable coal mine dust. The current findings underscore the importance of monitoring and controlling exposure to silica in coal mines.

scholarly journals Prevalence of spirometry-defined airflow obstruction in never-smoking working US coal miners by pneumoconiosis status

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-267
Author(s):  
Laura Kurth ◽  
Anthony S Laney ◽  
David J Blackley ◽  
Cara N Halldin
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
Office System ◽  
Coal Workers

IntroductionThis study estimated the prevalence of spirometry-defined airflow obstruction and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) among never-smoking coal miners participating in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Coal Workers’ Health Surveillance Program (CWHSP).MethodsData were from working miners screened by a CWHSP mobile unit who had valid spirometry and chest radiography results. Spirometry-defined airflow obstruction was determined when the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity is less than the lower limit of normal. Chest radiographs were classified according to the International Labour Office system to identify pneumoconiosis, including the most severe form of pneumoconiosis, progressive massive fibrosis (PMF).ResultsPrevalence of airflow obstruction among never-smoking coal miners in this sample was 7.7% overall, 16.4% among miners with CWP and 32.3% among miners with PMF. Airflow obstruction was significantly associated with CWP and PMF.ConclusionsThere was a higher prevalence of airflow obstruction among never-smoking coal miners with pneumoconiosis compared with those without pneumoconiosis. These findings support prior research on airflow obstruction and smoking and show pneumoconiosis might present with an obstructive pattern regardless of smoking status.

scholarly journals The presence of promatrix metalloproteinase-3 and its relation with different categories of coal workers' pneumoconiosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remzi Altin ◽  
Levent Kart ◽  
İshak Tekin ◽  
Ferah Armutcu ◽  
Meltem Tor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Inactive Form ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
Coal Workers

Extracellular matrix formation (ECM) and remodeling are critical events related to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Matrix metalloproteinases play an essential role in degrading and remodeling the ECM. In this study, we tried to show the presence and correlation of promatrix metalloproteinase-3 (proMMP-3) (the inactive form of metalloproteinase-3) levels in coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) with different categories.The study population consisted of 44 coal miners with CWP (pos CWP). Coal miners without CWP (neg CWP,n=24) and non-underground personnel (controls,n=17) were taken as controls. All coal miners were stable and had no systemic infection or disease. Standard posterio-anterior chest radiographs and pulmonary function tests were performed to exclude any diseases other than CWP. Serum proMMP-3 was analysed using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay according to the manufacturer's instructions (The Binding Site, Birmingham, UK).Mean proMMP-3 values of the all three groups were compared and a significant statistical difference obtained (p<0.001). In addition, a statistically significant difference was found between categories of the disease and proMMP-3 values (p<0.05). The effects of age, exposure duration and cigarette smoking on proMMP-3 values in coal miners with CWP were investigated. There were no correlations between age, smoking and proMMP-3 values. However, a positive correlation was found between exposure duration and proMMP-3 values (r=0.447,p=0.008).In conclusion, proMMP-3 (prostromelysin 1) may play an essential role in degrading and remodeling the ECM in workers with pneumoconiosis. ProMMP-3 may also reflect the stage of pneumoconiosis disease.

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