scholarly journals Conus Medullaris Syndrome due to Ligamentum Flavum Thickening and Intervertebral Disc Bulging

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amodeo Matthew ◽  
Bowlin Leah ◽  
Manne Radhika ◽  
Mccloskey Chloe ◽  
Canlas Eric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Conus Medullaris

scholarly journals First report of perforation of ligamentum flavum by sequestrated lumbar intervertebral disc

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayhan Kanat ◽  
Bulent Ozdemir ◽  
OsmanErsegun Batcik ◽  
Cihangir Erturk ◽  
FatmaBeyazal Celiker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Lumbar Intervertebral Disc ◽  
First Report

Determination of the normal conus medullaris level in term infants: the role of MRI in early infancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mengchun Sun ◽  
Benzhang Tao ◽  
Gan Gao ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Aijia Shang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inferior Border ◽  
Superior Border

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the migration process of the conus medullaris (CM) in early infancy using infant MRI and to evaluate the application of MRI for locating the infant CM level. METHODS The authors retrospectively analyzed the CM level on the lumbosacral MR images of 26 term infants aged < 3 months who were classified into three groups according to age. The authors numbered the CM level in each patient and analyzed the range and average of the CM level of the cohort. The authors studied the linear correlation between CM level and postnatal days with linear regression analysis, 1-way ANOVA, and the least significant difference test. RESULTS The CM level ranged from the superior border of the L1 vertebra to the top third of the L3 vertebra. About 96.2% of infants had CM higher than the superior border of the L3 vertebra. On average, CM was located between the L1–2 intervertebral disc and the inferior border of the L2 vertebra (mean ± SD score 1.64 ± 1.14). The three groups had no significant statistical difference in CM level (F = 1.071 and p = 0.359; groups 1 and 2, p = 0.408; groups 1 and 3, p = 0.170; groups 2 and 3, p = 0.755). CM level had no linear regression correlation with postnatal days within the first month (r2 = 0.061, F = 0.654, p = 0.438) or within the first 3 months (r2 = 0.002, F = 0.056, p = 0.816). CONCLUSIONS The CM level reaches the normal adult level by birth in term infants and does not ascend during childhood. On average, the CM was between the L1–2 intervertebral disc and the inferior border of the L2 vertebra in term infants. Considering the possibility of physiologically low-lying CM, the authors agree that normal CM is located above the L3 level in term infants and CM at the L3 level could be equivocal and should be investigated with other clinical data. The study data suggest that MRI is an accurate and valuable method for determining the CM level in term infants.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Reliability of Anatomic Landmarks in Safe Lumbar Puncture Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Does Sex Matter?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rahmani ◽  
Seyed Mehran Vaziri Bozorg ◽  
Ahmad Reza Ghasemi Esfe ◽  
Afsaneh Morteza ◽  
Omid Khalilzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Space ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Aim. To determine the level of the conus medullaris-Tuffier's line, and conus medullaris-Tuffier's line distance using imaging and evaluate their relation to age and gender.Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study of 189 adult participants, who underwent MR imaging of lumbosacral spine. Each vertebra was divided into 3 equal segments (upper, middle, and lower), and intervertebral disc space was also assumed as one segment. All segments from T12 upper segment to L5S1 intervertebral disc were numbered consecutively. The position of conus medullaris and Tuffier's line was determined by the vertebral segment or intervertebral disc space at the same level. The patients were stratified into high/low conus medullaris position (cutpoint: L1 middle segment) and short/long conus-Tuffier's distance (cutpoint: 14 segments).Results. Women with low conus were significantly more than men, in patients older than 50 years old (72.7% in females versus 55.3% in males; ), whereas there was not such a sexual dimorphism in patients younger than 50 years old. Similarly, short conus-Tuffier's distance was more frequent among women than men in patients older than 50 years old (59.7% in females versus 39.5% in males; ), whereas there was not any gender difference in patients younger than 50 years old. Conus-Tuffier's distance was negatively correlated with age (, ) in all studied population.Conclusion. Anatomical landmarks vary according to age and gender, with a lower end of conus medullaris in women, so clinicians should use more caution on the identification of the appropriate site for lumbar puncture, particularly in elderly women.

scholarly journals POS1150 ANATOMICAL LOCATIONS AND CORRELATES OF CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE CRYSTAL DEPOSITS OF THE SPINE – PATHOLOGIC EXAMINATION OF 77 SURGICAL CASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 854.1-854
Author(s):  
J. Dau ◽  
G. Ho ◽  
H. Choi ◽  
J. Schwab ◽  
M. Kohler
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Massachusetts General Hospital ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Interspinous Ligament ◽  
Anatomic Location ◽  
Black Arrow

Background:Spinal involvement in calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) is thought to be a rare occurrence and is seen infrequently as crowned dens syndrome. Furthermore, data on anatomical locations and correlates of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) deposits in spinal CPPD are scarce.Objectives:To describe the anatomical locations and correlates of pathologically confirmed CPPD of the spine.Methods:Consecutive patients with spinal CPPD were identified via retrospective chart review of individuals who underwent spine surgery for intractable chronic neck or back pain at Massachusetts General Hospital between 2009 and 2014. These deposits and surrounding anatomical structures were surgically resected and confirmed to have calcium pyrophosphate deposition upon pathologic review. We reviewed musculoskeletal imaging (CT, MRI, XR) and laboratory data from these pathologically confirmed cases.Results:From April 2009 to August 2014, we identified 77 individuals with pathologically confirmed CPPD of the spine. The mean age was 68 years; 41 (53%) were female; mean BMI was 28.7. Calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) was grossly identified intraoperatively by the surgeon in 38 cases (50%), typically as “chalky white deposits” (Figure 1). CPP deposits were seen most frequently in the ligamentum flavum (23%) and intervertebral disc (23%), followed by other less common locations (Table 1). Imaging findings in the soft tissue or intervertebral disc suggestive of CPPD were found in 5 cases (6%), whereas findings of spinal canal narrowing, facet arthropathy, or ligamentum flavum thickening were eventually correlative with CPP deposits in pathologic specimens. Only 7 (9%) experienced a prior episode of acute CPP arthritis (pseudogout). Chondrocalcinosis on x-ray was seen in 26 cases (34%), most commonly in the wrist and/or knees. Osteoarthritis was present in all spinal imaging, and 65% had comorbid scoliosis. Laboratory abnormalities associated with secondary causes of CPPD (hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperparathyroidism) were not seen with spinal CPPD.Conclusion:Spinal CPPD may occur more frequently than previously perceived. The ligamentum flavum and intervertebral discs were common anatomical locations for spinal CPPD. Advanced imaging of the spine showed low sensitivity for detecting spinal CPPD. Only a small minority had typical peripheral joint involvement or imaging with peripheral joint chondrocalcinosis. Thus, without pathologic confirmation, the vast majority of cases would remain unidentified. These findings call for the need to seek pathologic confirmation to determine the robust epidemiology and also raise the potential role for preoperative CPPD treatment.Table 1.Spinal Anatomic Locations of Pathologically Confirmed CPPDSpinal Anatomic LocationNo. of Sites (%)*ligamentum flavum29 (23)Intervetebral Disc28 (23)Other Location19 (15)Posterior Elements18 (15)Facet14 (11)Synovium8 (6)Interspinous Ligament3 (2)Subarticular/Lateral Recess2 (2)Fibrocartilaginous Tissue1 (1)Inner Spine1 (1)Other Ligament1 (1)*Some patients had more than one anatomic location where CPP was isolatedFigure 1.Gross visualization of calcium pyrophosphate deposition (black arrow)Disclosure of Interests:Jonathan Dau: None declared, Gary Ho: None declared, Hyon Choi Consultant of: Ironwood, Selecta, Horizon, Takeda, Kowa, Vaxart, Grant/research support from: Ironwood, Horizon, Joseph Schwab: None declared, Minna Kohler Speakers bureau: Eli Lily, Consultant of: Novartis.

CCN2 Functions as Anti-Inflammatory Molecule in the Intervertebral Disc

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. s-0034-1376756-s-0034-1376756
Author(s):  
Makarand V. Risbud
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Inflammatory Molecule ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Loading-Induced Stress Response in the Intervertebral Disc

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. s-0034-1376604-s-0034-1376604
Author(s):  
W. H. Chooi ◽  
S. C. Chan ◽  
B. Gantenbein-Ritter ◽  
B. P. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Induced Stress

Immortalization of Human Cartilage Endplate Stem Cell from Degenerated Human Intervertebral Disc

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. s-0034-1376589-s-0034-1376589
Author(s):  
M. Liu ◽  
B. Huang ◽  
Y. Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Human Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Endplate

DNA Demethylation Regulates Anabolic and Catabolic Gene Expression in Intervertebral Disc Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. s-0034-1376587-s-0034-1376587
Author(s):  
N. Chutkan ◽  
R. Sangani ◽  
H. Zhou ◽  
S. Fulzele
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Catabolic Gene ◽  
Disc Cells

Melatonin: Protection of the Intervertebral Disc

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Russel J Reiter ◽  
Sergio Rosales-Corral ◽  
Ramaswamy Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Lumbar Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Endogenous Melatonin

     Low back pain (lumbar pain) due to injury of or damage to intervertebral discs is common in all societies.  The loss of work time as a result of this problem is massive.  Recent research suggests that melatonin may prevent or counteract intervertebral disc damage. This may be especially relevant in aging populations given that endogenous melatonin, in most individuals, dwindles with increasing age. The publications related to melatonin and its protection of the intervertebral disc are reviewed herein, including definition of some molecular mechanisms that account for melatonin’s protective actions. 

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