Hybrid Radial Basis Function Neural Networks for Urban Traffic Signal Control

In this study, a real-world isolated signalized intersection with a fixed-time signal control system is considered. The signal timing plans are arranged regardless of the traffic density, and these plans cause delays in vehicle queues. To increase the efficiency of the intersection, an adaptive traffic signal control system is proposed to manage the intersection. To find the appropriate adaptive green times for each lane, simulations are performed by traffic simulation software using vehicle arrivals and other information about vehicle movements gathered from the real-world intersection. Then, a hybrid radial basis function neural network is developed to forecast the adaptive green times, which is trained and tested with historical arrivals and simulation results. The performance of the proposed network is compared with well-known data mining classification methods, such as support vector regression, k-nearest neighbors, decision tree, random forest, and multilayer perceptron methods, by different evaluation parameters. The comparison results provide that the developed radial basis function neural network outperforms other classification methods and can be successfully used for forecasting adaptive green times as an alternative to complex unsupervised classification methods.