scholarly journals Transition Process: Russia and Ukraine Case

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Ballı ◽  
Muammer Tekeoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment Inflow ◽  
Real Gdp

This study analyses how real GDP growth, inflation, employment, foreign direct investment inflow and income equality for Russia and Ukraine changed during the process of economic transition from 1991 to 2011. Most opinions agree that initial conditions and economic situation of a country, natural resources, historical background and institutions affect the process of economic transition. We see that both Russia and Ukraine experienced a transitional recession in the early 1990s at the start of the transition and an increase in the inflation rate. The Gini indexes of Russia and Ukraine have increased dramatically. The unemployment also went up in both countries until 1999s and reached a peak 13% during the 1998 Russian crisis in Russia. The growth rates of both countries were below 1% until 1997-1998, although it started to increase, after 2000, it decreased sharply in 2008 because of the Global Economic Crisis experienced the same year.

scholarly journals Domestic Investment, Foreign Direct Investment and Macroeconomic Stability in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saliu Mojeed Olanrewaju ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate

This study examines the relationship between the two major investment components (domestic investment and foreign direct investment) and macroeconomic stability in Nigeria. In order to capture the macroeconomic stability, some selected macroeconomic variables are presented, namely: real GDP growth rate (RGDPgr), trade openness (TOP), exchange rate (EXR), inflation rate (INFR), interest rate (INTR), private sector credit (PSC) which represent domestic variables and world oil price (WOP) which represent foreign variable. The study employs Johansen cointegration and Vector Autoregressive model as the estimation techniques. Findings from the study reveals that there is no long-run relationship between the selected macroeconomic variables and the two investment variables. The study also reveals that shocks and fluctuations from real GDP growth rate (RGDPgr), private sector credit (PSC), inflation rate (INFR), interest rate (INTR), exchange rate (EXR) and world oil price (WOP) strongly and significantly affect domestic investment in Nigeria; while the shocks and instabilities arising from real GDP growth rate (RGDPgr), inflation rate (INFR), interest rate (INTR), exchange rate (EXR), trade openness (TOP) and world oil price (WOP) majorly and significantly affect foreign direct investment in Nigeria during the period under review. The study therefore recommends that Nigerian government should provide stability measures in all the aforementioned macroeconomic indicators, as this will attract a higher level of FDI and this will create an enabling business environment for domestic investment to operate.

scholarly journals Horvátország európai integrációja a makroökonómiai mutatók tükrében

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Balázs Kotosz
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
State Participation ◽  
Growth Differences

The collapse of communist economies in Eastern Europe and former Soviet Union, as well as their subsequent transition towards market economies, was arguably one of the most far-reaching economic events of the 20lh century. Pain accom panied the economic transition process; all countries experienced a major fall in output after the start of reforms. The growth performance in transition economies was widely different by countries. The paper is looking for the reasons of the growth differences. Even if the initial conditions did not give the same possibilities to governments, early reforms has opened the way to market processes, which seems to be more efficient than state owned institutions in transition economies. In this context, the lower is the state participation, the highest is growth. Empirical analyses justify that GDP growth is higher in countries where state reallocation is decreasing and where tight fiscal policy has been kept.)

scholarly journals DAF Determinants Affecting Economic Growth – Evidence for Western Balkans Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Esat Ali Durguti ◽  
Emine GASHI ◽  
Filloreta Demiri Kunoviku ◽  
Milaim Mehmeti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Economic Growth Rate

The purpose of this paper is to find out if selected determinants have any effect on the economic growth rate using the strong balanced panel data for the Western Balkan countries for the period 2001-2017, and the data used are on an annual basis, which in total there are 102 observation periods. For the realization of the paper, secondary data and an advanced dynamic approach were used, such as pooled OLS methods, fixed and random effects model, to test economic growth rate as dependent variable, and explanatory variables such as working remittances to GDP, exports to GDP, imports to GDP, foreign direct investment to GDP and inflation rate.  From the generated outputs, it is true to say that working remittances to GDP, exports to GDP, and imports to GDP have an effect that influences economic growth, respectively GDP growth. Even though foreign direct investment to GDP and inflation rate does not have a significant effect on economic growth, respectively GDP growth.   Keywords: Economic growth; macroeconomic determinants; panel data. JEL code: O47, O11, C23  

ECONOMIC GROWTH ANALYSIS: A STUDY ON MALAYSIAN MARKET

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhaily Maizan Abdul Manaf ◽  
Shuhada Mohamed Hamidi ◽  
Nur Shafini Mohd Said ◽  
Siti Rapidah Omar Ali ◽  
Nur Dalila Adenan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Economic performance of a country is mostly determined by the growth and any other internal and external factors. In this study, researchers purposely focused on Malaysian market by examining the relationship between export, inflation rate, government expenditure and foreign direct investment towards economic growth in Malaysia by applying the yearly data of 47 years from 1970 to 2016 using descriptive statistics, regression model and correlation method analysis. By applying Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method, the result suggests that export, government expenditure and foreign direct investment are positively and significantly correlated with the economic growth. However, inflation rate has negative and insignificant relationship with the economic growth. The outcome of the study is suggested to be useful in providing the future research direction towards the economic growth in Malaysia. Keywords: economic growth; export; inflation rate; government expenditure

scholarly journals How does Outward Foreign Direct Investment Affect Enterprise Green Technology Innovation? — Based on the Moderating effect of Resources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoqiang Wu ◽  
Sumin HU
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Outward Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Regulatory Effect ◽  
Absorbed Slack ◽  
Unabsorbed Slack

Abstract with the increasing strict environmental regulations in the green transition process, outward foreign direct investment is considered to be an effective approach to promote enterprises’ green technology innovation. Thus, this paper establishes a comprehensive research framework that integrates OFDI and green technology innovation from the micro level of the enterprise to analyze it. The findings show that: First, OFDI will positively affect corporate green-tech innovation as expected; Government subsidies have a U-shaped regulation on the relation between OFDI and green-tech innovation; Absorbed slack plays an inverted U-shaped moderating effect on the relation between OFDI and green-tech innovation, and the unabsorbed slack positively affect this process. As for the heterogeneity of property rights, the test results of non-state-owned enterprises and state-owned enterprises are basically consistent with the baseline results, except for the following two points: the unabsorbed slack of state-owned enterprises has no regulatory effect between OFDI and enterprise green technology innovation, and the absorbed slack of non-state-owned enterprises has no regulatory effect between OFDI and enterprise green technology innovation.

scholarly journals Effects of Exchange Rate on Foreign Direct Investment Inflow in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Chukwurah, Josephine Chikwue
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment Inflow ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Bounds Testing Approach ◽  
Testing Approach ◽  
The Impact

Aims: This study examined the place of exchange rate in determining foreign direct investment inflow into the Nigerian economy using time series data from 1980 to 2017. Study Design:  Historical research design method was adopted for the study, it uses secondary sources and a variety of primary documentary evidence. Place and Duration of Study: Department of economics, faculty of social sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, between September 2010 and May 2018. Methodology: The method adopted for this study was the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation approach and error correction mechanism within the framework of dynamic OLS (DOLS) estimation. The analysis began with a verification of the unit root properties of the variables. The Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Philips-Perron (PP) unit root procedures were employed and both tests indicate that the variables were integrated of either order I(0) or order I(1). This warranted the use of Bounds testing approach in determining the cointegration among the variables in the various equations in the selected countries. Analysis using the Bounds testing approach to cointegration confirmed the existence of long run relation among the variables of the models. In determining the impact of exchange rate on foreign direct investment inflow in Nigeria, we estimated an ARDL model. Results: The results indicate that exchange rate affects FDI in both the long and short run. The result also reveals that the impact of exchange rate on FDI in the short run continuous up to three periods after the initial disturbance. Conclusion: This study concluded that exchange rate appreciation will lead to increases in foreign direct investment inflow. The study therefore recommended, amongst others, that government should apply exchange rate regime that is competitive at the international market so as to attract more FDI inflow to the Nigeria economy.

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