scholarly journals Reasons for Ethical Problems in the Health Sector

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filiz Tepecik ◽  
Ayla Yazıcı
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Health Care Market ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Entrepreneurs ◽  
Effective Use

There are two main reasons of public interventions in the health market. First, the health care market cannot make efficient production on market conditions because of its attributes such as the unequal distribution of knowledge, being a public good, the presence of positive and negative externalities. Second, the public authority has also the aim to achieve justice. These qualities are also the source of ethical problems in the health sector, whether the service is generated, by the public or the private sector. Almost in all countries the health sector is usually provided by the public sector because of externalities. But because the side effects of the production of health services by the public sector emerged in recent years, the participation of the private sector was ensured to minimize these effects. For developing countries such as Turkey and Eurasian countries, a more effective use of the funds used for the health sector is recommended, and the space these expenditures cover in the budget are said can be scaled down with the opening of some areas for private entrepreneurs. However, the unique characteristics of the health sector seem to cause problems regardless whether it is produced by the public or the private sector. In this study it is attempted to give the attributes of the health sector in detail and to establish a relationship with ethical problems in the light of experiences in Turkey.

Exodus of Clinicians from Public Sector to Non-Clinical Practice in Private Sector in Dar es Salaam Tanzania; Exploring the Drivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Elice Temu ◽  
Gasto Frumence ◽  
Nathanael Sirili
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
The Public

Background: Globally, shortage of clinicians health workforce is among the major challenges facing the health systems of many countries including Tanzania. Migration of medical doctors from clinical practice to non-clinical practice partly contributes to this challenge. This study aimed to explore factors influencing Medical Doctors’ decision to migrate from clinical practice in the public sector to non-clinical practice in the private sector in Dar es Salaam Tanzania.Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted using 12 in-depth interviews with medical doctors working in the private sector but formerly worked in the public health sector. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed.Results: Three main themes emerged; health system-level drivers that has three sub-themes, namely poor work environment, heavy workload due to shortage of clinicians and underfunded public health sector; individual-level drivers, which include four sub-themes: Age, area of specialization, marital status and empathy to patients; and external environment drivers consisting of two sub-themes: peer pressure and community culture.Conclusion: Improving the work environment through increased funding will partly address the main health system drivers underlying migration from the clinical practice. Furthermore, nurturing junior doctors to be enthusiastic and adapting to cultural shocks can partly help to address the individual and external drivers. Keywords: Shortage, Medical Doctors, Clinicians, Physicians, migration, health workforce, Tanzania Clinical Practice, Non-Clinical Practice.

Delivery of rural and remote health care via a broadband Internet Protocol network – views of potential users

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Jennett ◽  
M Yeo ◽  
R Scott ◽  
M Hebert ◽  
W Teo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Internet Protocol ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
The Public ◽  
User Groups

summary We asked the views of potential users of a proposed Canadian broadband Internet Protocol (IP) network for health, the Alberta SuperNet. The three user groups were drawn from the public, provider and private sectors. In all, 35 health-sector participants were selected (17 government, nine health-care organizations, five providers/ practitioners and four private sector). The questionnaire was Web-based, semistructured and self-administered. It consisted of four major areas: value, readiness, effect on usual care and limitations. A total of 28 (80%) individuals responded to the questionnaire: 21 (81%) were from the public sector (three provincial, nine regional and nine organizational), three (60%) were from the provider sector and four (100%) were from the private sector. Overall, the items related to health services and health human resources were considered to be the most valuable to rural communities. Respondents identified the expansion of telehealth services as the most important, except those from the private sector, who ranked this a close second. The health system's move to the use of electronic health records was ranked second in importance by all respondents. The private-sector respondents viewed all user groups to be generally less ready (mean score 2.5 on a seven-point scale from 1 = not ready to 7 = ready), while the public-sector respondents were the most optimistic (mean score 4.0). Specific socioeconomic impact data were limited. The top-ranked disadvantage of the 10 suggested was that ‘Changes in health-service delivery practices and/or processes will be required’.

Does Economic Freedom Influence Major Health Indicators in India? Cross-state Panel Estimation Results

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleema Razvi ◽  
Debashis Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Healthcare Outcomes ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Indian States ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

It is widely acknowledged that inadequacies in public sector health systems can only be overcome by substantial structural and institutional reforms. In India, the need for reforms in the health sector has been highlighted and stressed upon in recent period. While there is a growing belief that public and private sectors in health can potentially gain from one another, there is also recognition that, given their respective strengths and weaknesses, neither the public sector nor the private sector alone can operate in the best interest of the health system. The current study attempts to analyse the impact of enabling environments measured by the economic freedom index in 20 Indian states on select healthcare outcomes, through a panel data model. The empirical results confirm that rise in economic freedom lowers maternal mortality and infant mortality, as the resulting conducive environment enables greater private sector participation. However, the crucial role to be played by the public sector is also underlined in no uncertain terms. The obtained results strongly indicate that the health scenario in India can improve only through closer co-ordination between the public and the private sectors.

Comprehensive cancer control-research & development: knowing what we do and doing what we know

2009 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 610-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon F Kerner ◽  
Eduardo Cazap ◽  
Derek Yach ◽  
Marco A Pierotti ◽  
Maria Grazia Daidone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Control Research

Comprehensive cancer control is defined as an integrated and coordinated approach to reducing cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality across the cancer control continuum from primary prevention to end-of-life care. This approach assumes that when the public sector, non-governmental organizations, academia, and the private sector share with each other their skills, knowledge, and resources, a country can take advantage of all its talents and resources to more quickly reduce the burden of cancer for all its population. One critical issue for comprehensive cancer control is the extent to which the private sector can contribute to cancer prevention and control programs and policies that have historically been lead by the public health sector, and similarly how can the public sector increase its investment and involvement in clinical research and practice issues that are largely driven by the private sector worldwide? In addition, building capacity to integrate research that is appropriate to the culture and context of the population will be important in different settings, in particular research related to cancer control interventions that have the capacity to influence outcomes. To whatever extent cancer control research is ultimately funded through the private and public sectors, if investments in research discoveries are ultimately to benefit the populations that bear the greatest burden of disease, then new approaches to integrating the lessons learned from science with the lessons learned from service (public health, clinical, and public policy) must be found to close the gap between what we know and what we do. Communities of practice for international cancer control, like the ones fostered by the first three International Cancer Control Congresses, represent an important forum for knowledge exchange opportunities to accelerate the translation of new knowledge into action to reduce the burden of cancer worldwide.

scholarly journals Factors affecting use of speech testing in adult audiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavisha J Parmar ◽  
Saima L Rajasingam ◽  
Jennifer K Bizley ◽  
Deborah A Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Key Barrier ◽  
The Uk

Objective: To investigate the factors affecting the use speech testing in adult audiology services Design: A mixed-methods cross-sectional questionnaire study Study Sample: A UK sample (n=306) of hearing healthcare professionals (HHPs) from the public (64%) and private sector (36%) completed the survey Results: In the UK, speech testing practice varied significantly between health sector. Speech testing was carried out during the audiology assessment by 68% of private sector HHPs and 5% of those from the public sector. During the hearing aid intervention stage speech testing was carried out by 40% and 8% of HHPs from the private and public sector, respectively. Recognised benefits of speech testing included: 1) providing patients with relatable assessment information, 2) guiding hearing aid fitting, 3) supporting a diagnostic test battery. A lack of clinical time was a key barrier to uptake. Conclusion: Use of speech testing varies in adult audiology. Results from the present study found the percentage of UK HHPs making use of speech tests was low compared to other countries. HHPs recognised different benefits of speech testing in audiology practice but the barriers limiting uptake were often driven by factors derived from decision makers rather than clinical rationale. Privately funded HHPs used speech tests more frequently than those working in the public sector where time and resources are under greater pressure and governed by guidance that does not include a recommendation for speech testing. Therefore, the inclusion of speech testing in national clinical guidelines could increase the consistency of use.

scholarly journals The Public and Private Health Sectors in Kyrgyzstan and Prospects for their Cooperation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damira Japarova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Infrastructure ◽  
Payment Rate

The public sector does not provide funding for the program of state guarantees. Private sector where high levels of profitability and higher prices. The purpose of public-private partnerships in health care – the preservation and improvement of the health status of the population. In Kyrgyzstan, the investment in health infrastructure of the state are planned. The private investor can build a building and provide meals for patients as required by the hospital. Require opening a public-private laboratories for urgent tests at each hospital and clinic. To finance the public-private partnership in the health sector can be used in co-financing, guarantee the payment rate for OMS services.

scholarly journals Detailed cost of robotic-assisted surgery in the Australian public health sector: from implementation to a multi-specialty caseload

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate McBride ◽  
Daniel Steffens ◽  
Christina Stanislaus ◽  
Michael Solomon ◽  
Teresa Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Robotic Assisted ◽  
The Public ◽  
Robotic Assisted Surgery ◽  
Specific Implementation ◽  
Theatre Utilisation

Abstract Background A barrier to the uptake of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) continues to be the perceived high costs. A lack of detailed costing information has made it difficult for public hospitals in particular to determine whether use of the technology is justified. This study aims to provide a detailed description of the patient episode costs and the contribution of RAS specific costs for multiple specialties in the public sector. Methods A retrospective descriptive costing review of all RAS cases undertaken at a large public tertiary referral hospital in Sydney, Australia from August 2016 to December 2018 was completed. This included RAS cases within benign gynaecology, cardiothoracic, colorectal and urology, with the total costs described utilizing various inpatient costing data, and RAS specific implementation, maintenance and consumable costs. Results Of 211 RAS patients, substantial variation was found between specialties with the overall median cost per patient being $19,269 (Interquartile range (IQR): $15,445 to $32,199). The RAS specific costs were $8828 (46%) made up of fixed costs including $4691 (24%) implementation and $2290 (12%) maintenance, both of which are volume dependent; and $1848 (10%) RAS consumable costs. This was in the context of 37% robotic theatre utilisation. Conclusions There is considerable variation across surgical specialties for the cost of RAS. It is important to highlight the different cost components and drivers associated with a RAS program including its dependence on volume and how it fits within funding systems in the public sector.

Mobility as a Service Operating Model to Enable Public Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110266
Author(s):  
Christina Joy Ditmore ◽  
Angela K. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Operating Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Equity And Access ◽  
Policy Goals

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is the concept through which travelers plan, book, and pay for public or private transport on a single platform using either a service or subscription-based model. Observations of current projects identified two distinct approaches to enabling MaaS: the private-sector approach defined as a “business model,” and the public sector approach that manifests as an “operating model.” The distinction between these models is significant. MaaS provides a unique opportunity for the public sector to set and achieve public policy goals by leveraging emerging technologies in favor of the public good. Common policy goals that relate to transportation include equity and access considerations, environmental impact, congestion mitigation, and so forth. Strategies to address these policy goals include behavioral incentivization and infrastructure reallocation. This study substantiates two models for implementing MaaS and expanding on the public sector approach, to enable policy in favor of the public good.

Relationship between CSR motivations and corporate social performance: a study in the power industry in India

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moumita Acharyya ◽  
Tanuja Agarwala
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Corporate Social Performance ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Public And Private Sector

PurposeThe paper aims to understand the different motivations / reasons for engaging in CSR initiatives by the organizations. In addition, the study also examines the relationship between CSR motivations and corporate social performance (CSP).Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from two power sector organizations: one was a private sector firm and the other was a public sector firm. A comparative analysis of the variables with respect to private and public sector organizations was conducted. A questionnaire survey was administered among 370 employees working in the power sector, with 199 executives from public sector and 171 from private sector.Findings“Philanthropic” motivation emerged as the most dominant CSR motivation among both the public and private sector firms. The private sector firm was found to be significantly higher with respect to “philanthropic”, “enlightened self-interest” and “normative” CSR motivations when compared with the public sector firms. Findings suggest that public and private sector firms differed significantly on four CSR motivations, namely, “philanthropic”, “enlightened self-interest”, “normative” and “coercive”. The CSP score was significantly different among the two power sector firms of public and private sectors. The private sector firm had a higher CSP level than the public sector undertaking.Research limitations/implicationsFurther studies in the domain need to address differences in CSR motivations and CSP across other sectors to understand the role of industry characteristics in influencing social development targets of organizations. Research also needs to focus on demonstrating the relationship between CSP and financial performance of the firms. Further, the HR outcomes of CSR initiatives and measurement of CSP indicators, such as attracting and retaining talent, employee commitment and organizational climate factors, need to be assessed.Originality/valueThe social issues are now directly linked with the business model to ensure consistency and community development. The results reveal a need for “enlightened self-interest” which is the second dominant CSR motivation among the organizations. The study makes a novel contribution by determining that competitive and coercive motivations are not functional as part of organizational CSR strategy. CSR can never be forced as the very idea is to do social good. Eventually, the CSR approach demands a commitment from within. The organizations need to emphasize more voluntary engagement of employees and go beyond statutory requirements for realizing the true CSR benefits.

scholarly journals Grey Clustering Evaluation for the Cooperation Efficiency of PPP Project: Taking Beijing Metro Line 4 as an Example

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Sun ◽  
Yingzi Liang ◽  
Yuning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Clustering Model ◽  
Grey Clustering ◽  
Public Products ◽  
Infrastructure Project

PPP model is an important model which provides public products or services based on the coordination between the public sector and private sector. The implementation of PPP model is helpful for relieving the stress of insufficient funding for public sector and improving the efficiency of resource allocation. Comparing with traditional infrastructure project, PPP project involves many stakeholders, and the cooperation efficiency during the different stakeholders impacts the results of the project directly. Thus, it is important to explore the cooperation efficiency of PPP project. Based on grey clustering model, this paper evaluates the cooperation efficiency of PPP project. An evaluation index system including 36 indexes is established based on the aims and objectives of three stakeholders (public sector, private sector, and passengers). A case study of Beijing Metro Line 4 PPP project is implemented to verify the validity and applicability of the evaluation model. And the results showed that the cooperation efficiency of Beijing Metro Line 4 PPP project is relatively high. The model also provided insights into the shortage of the cooperation efficiency of Beijing Metro Line 4 PPP project. As such, the results can assist all stakeholders in adjusting the cooperation efficiency.

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