scholarly journals Convergence Across Kazakh Regions

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Frey ◽  
Carmen Wieslhuber
Keyword(s):  
Initial Level ◽  
Regional Convergence ◽  
Neoclassical Growth Model ◽  
Convergence Process ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Beta Convergence ◽  
Neoclassical Growth ◽  
Over Time

Even though Kazakhstan is one of the most successful transition countries in Central Asia it has been neglected in the literature on regional convergence. This paper fills the gap with an empirical analysis of the convergence process on the regional level using annual gross regional product (GRP) data for the period 1998-2008 for the 16 Kazakh regions. Sigma convergence implies that the dispersion of per capita GRP, measured as the standard deviation of per capita GRP across regions, declines over time. Given the growing variation in per capita GRP over time this phenomenon cannot be found for Kazakhstan. In the neoclassical growth model, under the assumption of similar steady states, the growth rate of per capita GRP is negatively related to the initial level of per capita GRP. Surprisingly, we do not find this relation for the Kazakh regions. The data show that there is no evidence for absolute beta convergence. In contrast, the Kazakh regions even seem to diverge.

scholarly journals Beyond Beta-Convergence: Convergence in Differences and its Application to the Russian Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Gianni Carvelli
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Convergence Process ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
National Output ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Beta Convergence

The purpose of this paper is to propose a new empirical model capable of highlighting some aspects of cross-economy convergence which cannot be caught by the popular beta-convergence and sigma-convergence models. The idea is to analyse the growth of the economies as a function of the distance between the observed output per capita and the average output per capita within the sample, separating the behaviour of poorest and richest economies. After its specification, I applied the model to the case of the Russian regions over the period 1995-2015 using the fixed-effect estimator. The results show that, although the existence of a significant beta-convergence process, there is a lack of convergence in differences. When the differences between regional and national output per capita are negative, a positive and significant relationship between growth and levels emerges. Such a relationship turns to be negative and non-significant when the differences are positive, therefore denoting weak non-linearity between growth rate and level of output per capita. Similar findings have been found for labor productivity.

scholarly journals The Underlying Factors of Regional Income Disparities in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
pp. 776-783
Keyword(s):  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Gross Regional Product ◽  
Income Disparities ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Conditional Beta ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Beta Convergence ◽  
Neoclassical Growth

An increasing of regional data availability has revived of scholars’ interest in regional economic growth and disparities. The main reason for this revival came from attempts to improve the predictive ability of neoclassical model of growth. The objectives of this paper are to examine per capita gross regional product growth disparities, to check the existence of sigma and beta convergence across Indonesian provinces and to identify the underlying factors that affect per capita gross regional product growth. This is a quantitative study, and by making use of Coefficient of Variation and the Neoclassical Growth Model we found that The per capita gross regional product growth disparities tend to increase in the period of study, however, the existence of conditional beta convergence also implies. The underlying factors that are identified affect real per capita GRP growth are export, Foreign Direct Investment, Inflation and government expenditure.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONVERGENSI ANTAR PROVINSI (STUDI KASUS PULAU SUMATERA)

Jurnal Ecogen ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
Arief Budiman ◽  
Hasdi Aimon ◽  
Yeniwati Yeniwati
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Transfer Payment ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Beta Convergence

This  study aims to determine an analyze the influence of foreign direct investment, transfer payment and human development affect capita income. These three variables also used to determine convergence that happenened on the island of Sumatera. Data used from 2012 to 2017involve 10 provinces on the island of Sumatera. This data on this research is secondary data published by the Central Bureau of Statistic. The analytical method used is regression panel to estimate impact dependent variables on capita income. To determine sigma convergence use standart deviation lag of Gross Regional Domestic Income per capita. And to determine beta convergence use Generalized Method Momment (GMM). The result of this study show foreign direct investment, transfer payment and human development have significant impact on per capita income. The result of sigma convergence show the island of Sumatera have sigma convergence from 2012 to 2017. The resut of beta convergence show the island of Sumatera have beta convergence and reach half live convergence in 12 years. Keywords : Convergence, foreign direct investment, transfer payment, human development

scholarly journals An Exploration of Technology Diffusion

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 2031-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Comin ◽  
Bart Hobijn
Keyword(s):  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Aggregate Level ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Income Differences ◽  
Neoclassical Growth Model ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Neoclassical Growth

We develop a model that, at the aggregate level, is similar to the one-sector neoclassical growth model; at the disaggregate level, it has implications for the path of observable measures of technology adoption. We estimate it using data on the diffusion of 15 technologies in 166 countries over the last two centuries. Our results reveal that, on average, countries have adopted technologies 45 years after their invention. There is substantial variation across technologies and countries. Newer technologies have been adopted faster than old ones. The cross-country variation in the adoption of technologies accounts for at least 25 percent of per capita income differences. (JEL O33, O41, O47)

Convergence Anatomization of Aquaculture Production in Leading Fish-Producing Countries During the Period of 1997-2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandra Das ◽  
Kamal Ray ◽  
Utpal Das ◽  
Bankim Chandra Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Conditional Beta ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Beta Convergence ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Growth and national importance of aquaculture production is empirically assessed as an important indicator of development. The present article aims to test whether the major aquaculture producing countries of the world are converging over time. The authors have applied the absolute and conditional beta convergence and sigma convergence approaches on the data of FAO for the period 1997-2013. The results show that there is an absolute beta convergence and sigma convergence among 25 major aquaculture producing countries; negative sign of coefficient of conditional beta convergence with per capita income is also noticed. It implies, the growth rates of aquaculture for developed nations are declining with rise in per capita income and backward fish-intensive countries are catching up with the giant producers like China and India. The cross-country variations are also going down which means that the countries' development gaps are getting narrowed by means of growth of aquaculture resources.

scholarly journals Aceh Province Economic Convergence Determination

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-226
Author(s):  
Ar Razy Ridha Maulana ◽  
Teuku Zulham ◽  
Sartiyah Sartiyah
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Convergence Rate ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Economic Convergence ◽  
Convergence Process ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Conditional Beta ◽  
Beta Convergence

This study analyzes the occurrence of economic convergence between districts / cities in Aceh Province and looks at the factors that can accelerate the economic convergence. This study uses panel data from 23 districts / cities in Aceh Province for the period 2008-2018. The results found from this study are that there has been economic convergence, both sigma convergence and beta convergence, in Aceh Province. Factors that significantly influence economic convergence in Aceh Province are the average length of schooling, life expectancy, and the special autonomy fund. The time needed to get to half the convergence process is 4.10 years with the resulting conditional beta convergence rate of 16.89%.

scholarly journals The Role of Human Capital in Economic Growth: A Comparative Study of Pakistan and India

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (4II) ◽  
pp. 451-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qaisar Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Neoclassical Growth Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Intellectual Challenge ◽  
Neoclassical Growth

Economic Growth has posed an intellectual challenge ever since the beginning of systematic economic analysis. Adam Smith claimed that growth was related to division of labour, but he did not link them in a clear way. After that Thomas Malthus developed a formal model of a dynamic economic growth process in which each country converge toward stationary per capita income. According to this model, death rates fall and fertility rises when income exceed the equilibrium, and opposite occur when incomes are less than that level. Despite the influence of the Malthusian model in nineteenth century economists, fertility feel rather than rose as income grew during the past 150 years in the west and other parts of the world. The Neoclassical growth model of Solow (1956), which has been for the past thirty years the central framework to account for economic growth, focuses on exogenous technical population factors that determine output-input ratios, responded to the failure of Malthusian model.

Variable elasticity of substitution and economic growth in the neoclassical model

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel A. Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
Neoclassical Model ◽  
Constant Elasticity ◽  
Neoclassical Growth Model ◽  
Constant Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
State Income ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Model Versus ◽  
Neoclassical Growth

AbstractWe study the effect of factor substitutability in the neoclassical growth model with variable elasticity of substitution. We consider two otherwise identical economies differing uniquely in their initial factor substitutability with Variable-Elasticity-of-Substitution (VES), Sobelow or Sigmoidal technologies. If the initial capital per capita is below its steady-state value, the economy with the higher initial elasticity of substitution will feature a higher steady-state income and capital per capita irrespective of whether the production technology is VES, Sobelow or Sigmoidal. Numerical results are provided to compare the effect of a higher elasticity of substitution in the Constant-Elasticity-of-Substitution (CES) model versus the models with variable-elasticity-of-substitution technology.

scholarly journals Konvergensi Pendapatan Per kapitq di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat dan Kalimantan Timur Tahun 2001-2007 serta Faktor - Faktor yang Mempengaruhi

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Sri Kurniawati ◽  
Eddy Suratman
Keyword(s):  
Convergence Rate ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
The Other ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Beta Convergence

This research is aimed to identify -disparity of per capita income in of the Kasaba border area (Kalimantan-Sarawak-Sabah) in West Kalimantan and East Kalimantan over the period 2001-2007. It was done by observing the coefficient variation that shows whether the sigma convergence happened or not. The other aims are to examine the determinant of beta convergence using OLS regressions with panel data. The results show that sigma convergence was not happened in West Kalimantan and East Kalimantan over the period 2001-2007. This indicated that the disparity of per capita income was happened. Beta convergence analysis indicated that absolute convergence was happened with convergence rate is 4.46 percent per year and the half-life convergence is 15.45 years. Development expenditure variable, work force participation rate and educational attainment were gave positive influence. On the other hand population growth variable was gave negative influence to the conditional convergence with convergence rate is 4.39 percent per year and the half-life convergence is 15.71 years.

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