scholarly journals The impact of urban-based family medicine postgraduate rotations on rural preceptors/teachers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Myhre ◽  
Jodie Ornstein ◽  
Molly Whalen-Browne ◽  
Rebecca Malhi
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Rural Physicians ◽  
Rural Residency ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Rural Teaching ◽  
The Impact

Background: The use of rural rotations within urban-based postgraduate programs is the predominant response of medical education to the health needs of underserved rural populations.  The broader impact on rural physicians who teach has not been reported. Methods: This study examined the personal, professional, and financial impact of a rural rotations for urban-based family medicine (UBFM) residents on Canadian rural teaching physicians. A survey was created and reviewed by community and academic rural physicians and a cohort of Canadian rural family physicians teaching UBFM residents was sampled. Survey data and free-text responses were assessed using quantitative and qualitative analyses.   Results: Participants with rural residency backgrounds perceived a negative impact of teaching UBFM (p = 0.02 personal and professional) and those in a primary rural environment (as defined below) perceived impact as positive (p < 0.001). Rural preceptors often held contrasting attitudes towards learners with negative judgements counter-balanced by positive thoughts. Duration in practice and of teaching experience did not have a significant impact on ratings. Conclusion: Being a rural preceptor of UBFM residents is rewarding but also stressful. The preceptor location of training and scope of practice appears to influence the impact of UBFM residents.

scholarly journals Is the perceived impact of disciplinary procedures on medical doctors’ professional practice associated with working in an open culture and feeling supported? A questionnaire among medical doctors in the Netherlands who have been disciplined

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e036922
Author(s):  
Berber S Laarman ◽  
Renée J R Bouwman ◽  
Anke J E de Veer ◽  
Roland D Friele
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Perceived Support ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Disciplinary Procedures ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionDisciplinary procedures can have a negative impact on the professional functioning of medical doctors. In this questionnaire study, doctors’ experience with open culture and support during a disciplinary procedure is studied to determine whether open culture and support are associated with perceived changes in the professional practice of doctors.MethodsAll doctors who received a warning or a reprimand from the Dutch Medical Disciplinary Board between July 2012 and August 2016 were invited to fill in a 60-item questionnaire concerning open culture, perceived support during the disciplinary procedure and the impact of the procedure on professional functioning as reported by doctors themselves. The response rate was 43% (n=294).ResultsA majority of doctors perceive their work environment as a safe environment in which to talk about and report incidents (71.2% agreed). Respondents felt supported by a lawyer or legal representative and colleagues (92.8% and 89.2%, respectively). The disciplinary procedure had effects on professional practice. Legal support and support from a professional confidant and a professional association were associated with fewer perceived changes to professional practice.ConclusionOur study shows that doctors who had been disciplined perceive their working environment as open. Doctors felt supported by lawyers and/or legal representatives and colleagues. Legal support was associated with less of a perceived impact on doctors’ professional practice.

scholarly journals Medical students’ perceptions and coping strategies during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: studies, clinical implication, and professional identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wurth Sophie ◽  
Sader Julia ◽  
Cerutti Bernard ◽  
Broers Barbara ◽  
Bajwa M. Nadia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Clinical Exposure ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The unfolding of the COVID-19 pandemic during spring 2020 has disrupted medical education worldwide. The University of Geneva decided to shift on-site classwork to online learning; many exams were transformed from summative to formative evaluations and most clinical activities were suspended. We aimed to investigate the perceived impact of those adaptations by the students at the Faculty of Medicine. Methods We sent an online self-administered survey to medical students from years 2 to 6 of the University of Geneva, three months after the beginning of the pandemic. The survey explored students’ main activities during the first three months of the pandemic, the impact of the crisis on their personal life, on their training and on their professional identity, the level of stress they experienced and which coping strategies they developed. The survey consisted of open-ended and closed questions and was administered in French. Results A total of 58.8% of students responded (n = 467) and were homogeneously distributed across gender. At the time of the survey, two thirds of the participants were involved in COVID-19-related activities; 72.5% voluntarily participated, mainly fueled by a desire to help and feel useful. Many participants (58.8%) reported a feeling of isolation encountered since the start of the pandemic. Main coping strategies reported were physical activity and increased telecommunications with their loved ones. Most students described a negative impact of the imposed restrictions on their training, reporting decreased motivation and concentration in an unusual or distraction-prone study environment at home and missing interactions with peers and teachers. Students recruited to help at the hospital in the context of increasing staff needs reported a positive impact due to the enriched clinical exposure. Perceived stress levels were manageable across the surveyed population. If changed, the crisis had a largely positive impact on students’ professional identity; most highlighted the importance of the health care profession for society and confirmed their career choice. Conclusion Through this comprehensive picture, our study describes the perceived impact of the pandemic on University of Geneva medical students, their training and their professional identity three months after the start of the pandemic. These results allowed us to gain valuable insight that reinforced the relevance of assessing the evolution of the situation in the long run and the importance of developing institutional support tools for medical students throughout their studies.

scholarly journals Insights into the impact on daily life of the COVID-19 pandemic and effective coping strategies from free-text analysis of people's collective experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Hampshire ◽  
Peter J. Hellyer ◽  
William Trender ◽  
Samuel R. Chamberlain
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Free Text ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
The Impact

There has been considerable speculation regarding how people cope during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, surveys requiring selection from prespecified answers are limited by researcher views and may overlook the most effective measures. Here, we apply an unbiased approach that learns from people's collective lived experiences through the application of natural-language processing of their free-text reports. At the peak of the first lockdown in the United Kingdom, 51 113 individuals provided free-text responses regarding self-perceived positive and negative impact of the pandemic, as well as the practical measures they had found helpful during this period. Latent Dirichlet Allocation identified, in an unconstrained data-driven manner, the most common impact and advice topics. We report that six negative topics and seven positive topics are optimal for capturing the different ways people reported being affected by the pandemic. Forty-five topics were required to optimally summarize the practical coping strategies that they recommended. General linear modelling showed that the prevalence of these topics covaried substantially with age. We propose that a wealth of coping measures may be distilled from the lived experiences of the general population. These may inform feasible individually tailored digital interventions that have relevance during and beyond the pandemic.

scholarly journals Impact of Fitspiration Content on Social Media among Followers in Singapore Universities

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-78
Author(s):  
Jia Hui Shericia Poh ◽  
Ho Jin Chung
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Short Answer Questions ◽  
The Impact

Fitspiration content on social media has been popularized over the last few years, with the intention to influence users to lead healthy and fit lifestyles. The present study aimed to identify the impact of fitspiration content on social media among young adult followers in Singapore. Method: Participants were 124 university students in Singapore who completed a cross-sectional survey. The survey included 16 multiple choice questions, 4 short-answer questions and 8 open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics was adopted for quantitative data and content analysis was utilized for qualitative data. The perceived impact of fitspiration content was explained through three themes: 1) Positive impact of fitspiration content on social media, 2) Negative impact of fitspiration content on social media, and 3) Perceived impact of social media on self.  Three other themes were also developed for understanding the conditions influenced by fitspiration content on social media: 1) Evaluation and satisfaction with one’s fitness journey, 2) Motivational levels of participants, and 3) Diet restrictions. Results showed that positive impact were experienced by the majority of the participants, whereas some participants experienced negative impacts. It was concluded that fitspiration content on social media does inspire users to become a better version of themselves both physically and mentally. However, it is also dependent on the perceptions of the users and the extent to which they allowed such content to influence them.

scholarly journals Literature Study: Types of Social Support in Adolescents with Unwanted Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Sifva Fauziah ◽  
◽  
Ermiati Ermiati ◽  
Eka Afrima Sari
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
It Management ◽  
Educational Facilities ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
The Impact

Unwanted Pregnancy in adolescents can create a negative impact on adolescents who experience it. Management of Unwanted Pregnancy by providing social support are needed to reduce the perceived impact. The limited articles on the types of social support for adolescents experiencing Unwanted Pregnancy made this literature study aimed to find out the types of social support that can be provided to adolescents who experience Unwanted Pregnancy. This research method was scoping review using search engines such as EBSCOHost, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The keywords used were "adolescents" OR "teenagers" OR "young adults" OR "student" AND "unwanted pregnancy" AND "social support". The result of article search based on inclusion and exclusion criteria had found 6 articles. Critical appraisal was done using a JBI critical appraisal checklist with a result of 6 selected articles which stated as eligible sources to be used as source of references in this literature study. The result of the review of 6 articles with content analysis found that there were 10 types of social support that can be provided to adolescents who experience Unwanted Pregnancy. The types of social support were providing information, counseling, communication, emotional support, financial support, assistance, accountability, appreciation, providing shelter and providing educational facilities. Recommendations for further research are expected to do a further analysis on types of social support that has been found, so that it can be implemented to reduce the impact on adolescents with Unwanted Pregnancy.

Life in a news desert: The perceived impact of a newspaper closure on community members

Journalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146488492095788
Author(s):  
Nick Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Caroline County ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study, utilizing 19 in-depth interviews, offers a systematic qualitative investigation of the perceived impact of a newspaper’s closure on community members’ everyday lives and their sense of community. Results demonstrate a negative impact on community members’ sense of community, with participants missing celebrated gatherings and noting increased isolation and diminished pride in their community. Findings also show the impact on residents’ daily lives, with one participant declaring ‘life is harder’ without the newspaper. Overall, these findings present a picture of life in Caroline County, Virginia, following the Caroline Progress’ closure after 99 years of service to the county.

scholarly journals Associations of Specific HLA-C Loci and Sociodemographic Factors with the Prevalence of Type I psoriasis inIraqi patients.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal M Khadhim ◽  
Alaa Irhayyim
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Type I ◽  
Inform Consent ◽  
Autoimmune Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Rural Residency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune inflammatory disease of human skin with unknown etiology and for which there is no cure. It is believed to be genetically and immunologically conditioned and has major negative impact on life’s quality.To determine the impact of inheritance of specific HLA-C loci and some sociodemographic factors on the susceptibility to early onset psoriasis (Type I).Current study includes psoriatic group involve 76 patients (type I) and a match apparently healthy group comprise 87 persons as a control. A PCR based method (low resolution sequence specific primer. PCR-SSP) used to detect CW6, CW7 and CW17 genotypes after inform consent. Current study shows that the CW6 and Cw7 allele significantly associated with early onset psoriasis, while cw17 shows no significant association. There is also higher percentage of patient were in urban than rural resident, with no significant association between smoking and type I psoriasis. Both of CW6 and CW7 genotypes increase the risk of early onset psoriasis. While rural residency decreases the chance of getting type I psoriasis. Furthermore, lack of association with smoking cannot mitigate the effect of passive smoking.

scholarly journals Analysis of Free-Text Responses in an International Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Patient Survey to Assess Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Care

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
Blake T. Langlais ◽  
Carolyn Mead-Harvey ◽  
Heidi E. Kosiorek ◽  
Gina L. Mazza ◽  
Ruben Mesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Funding ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Impacts

Background The COVID-19 pandemic continues to challenge effective treatment delivery to hematologically-compromised patients, including those with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). MPNs are characterized by clonal proliferation of hematopoietic cell lines in bone marrow. As such, increasing reports of COVID-19 related thrombotic events highlight how MPN patients are at an increased risk in navigating potential complications during this pandemic. Mitigation strategies to lesson MPN patient exposure to COVID-19 are vital. Though, such efforts come at an inherent cost to effective healthcare delivery. Restriction of regular in-clinic treatments and reported shortages of MPN pharmacotherapies present these patients with diminishing continued care. To understand how MPN patient care has been impacted by COVID-19, an internet-based questionnaire was deployed surveying a variety of disease and pandemic related items (reported elsewhere; Palmer J et al, ASH 2020 submitted). A single free-text response item instructed respondents to: "Please tell us anything else (bad or good) about how the COVID-19 outbreak has impacted your MPN care." This qualitative analysis evaluated first-hand comments directly from patients in order to form a richer understanding of how those with MPNs have been managing disease-related care amidst this pandemic. Methods This COVID-19 survey was hosted via Mayo Clinic's secured REDCap system for online surveys and posted on MPN organizational partner websites. Surveys were completely anonymous. The free-text responses describing impacts to MPN care were each independently reviewed by 2 individuals for overall sentiment (positive, negative, both, or neutral [no impact]) and categorized for themes. The 2 reviewers were assessed for agreement. Conflicting reviews were evaluated then adjudicated by an algorithm for cases meeting selected conditions or by lead author review for all remaining cases. Descriptive statistics are reported. Results Of the 1217 consenting adult patients participating in the overall COVID-19 study, 824 provided free-text responses. Of these, respondent MPN diagnoses included, essential thrombocythemia (n=324, 39%), polycythemia vera (n=251, 30%), myelofibrosis (n=153, 19%), and other/undisclosed (96, 12%); 69% (n=567) were female; median age was 63 (range 21-93); 38% (n=313) were from the US, 38% (n=313) UK, and 24% (n=198) other/unknown. There was 89% (n=734) sentiment agreement between reviewers. Free-text responses about the impact of COVID-19 on MPN care were 49% (n=400) negative, 21% (n=177) positive, 8% (n=65) both positive and negative, and 22% (n=182) neutral/no impact. Table 1 shows a selection of MPN patient free-text responses reflecting common negative and positive sentiment themes. Negative impact (n=400): The most common negative impact involved delays or cancellations of visits or perceived inaccessibility to regular providers (n=261, 65%). Primarily this sentiment was driven by lack of clinic availability and restrictions at treatment centers or by providers. However, some respondents reported delaying or canceling visits themselves due to fear of COVID-19 exposure. Perceived health consequences from this delay were also expressed. There were 129 (32%) respondents with concern regarding changes or access to medications, including explicit drug supply shortages. Some patients resorted to self-adjusting medications and reusing single-use supplies. General anxiety, stress, and isolation were also reported (n=98, 25%). Positive impact (n=177): Availability of telemedicine comprised the majority of positive impacts of the pandemic (n=95, 54%), with many noting the reduced travel time to visits. Routine local testing coupled with follow-up telemedicine was favorable. Despite general positivity towards telemedicine, some reported preferences for in-person visits; commenting that telemedicine was impersonal, difficult to schedule or receive virtual communication, and expressed concern for lack of spleen examinations during virtual visits. Conclusion Positive and negative aspects were reported including MPN-specific issues. Healthcare systems should use such data to emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic and retain the positive impacts such as telemedicine, while developing education materials and other resources to address the reported negative impacts where possible. Disclosures Mesa: CTI BioPharma: Research Funding; Promedior: Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy; Sierra Oncology: Consultancy; Samus Therapeutics: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; AbbVie: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; LaJolla Pharmaceutical Company: Consultancy; Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Community-Dwelling Patients and Their Physicians on OxyContin® Discontinuation and the Impact on Chronic Pain Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Feng Chang ◽  
Sara Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Drug Formulary ◽  
Physician Perceptions ◽  
Specialty Practice ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
The Impact

OxyContin, formerly one of the most commonly prescribed medications for chronic pain in Canada, was discontinued, delisted from the Ontario Drug Formulary, and replaced by a tamper-resistant formulation in 2012. The impact of discontinuing OxyContin on patients formerly prescribed it to treat chronic pain was unreported. Patients with chronic pain aged 45 years and over (n=13) were recruited from two primary care and one specialty practice sites and interviewed using a semistructured guide to capture their experiences with discontinuing OxyContin, the efficacy of alternate medications, and relationships with physicians. Additional interviews were conducted with their physicians (n=7) to obtain physician perceptions on discontinuation and to expand understanding of the patients’ experiences. Aspects of patients’ pain and medical care through the discontinuation process revealed emergent themes that both converge and diverge from that of treating physicians. Areas of divergence include the motive for discontinuation, which was condemned by most patients but supported by all physicians, and the perceived impact of discontinuance on pain control, with the majority of patients experiencing a negative impact and most physicians describing it as insignificant. Perceptions of patients and physicians coincided on the need to optimize pain management practices.

Urbanization of fauna on the example of marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
A. P. Korzh ◽  
T. V. Zahovalko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Recently, the number of published works devoted to the processes of synanthropization of fauna, is growing like an avalanche, which indicates the extreme urgency of this theme. In our view, the process of forming devices to coexist with human and the results of his life reflects the general tandency of the modern nature evolution. Urbanization is characteristic for such a specific group of animals like amphibians, the evidence of which are numerous literature data. Many researchers use this group to assess the bioindicative quality of the environment. For this aim a variety of indicators are used: from the cellular level of life of organization up to the species composition of the group in different territories. At the same time, the interpretation of the results is not always comparable for different areas and often have significantly different interpretations by experts. Urban environment, primarily due to the contamination is extremely aggressive to amphibians. As a consequence, the urban populations of amphibians may be a change in the demographic structure, affecting the reproductive ability of the population, the disappearance of the most sensitive species or individuals, resizing animals, the appearance of abnormalities in the development, etc. At the same time play an important amphibians in the ecosystems of cities, and some species in these conditions even feel relatively comfortable. Therefore, it is interesting to understand the mechanisms of self-sustaining populations of amphibians in urban environments. To assess the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the development of amphibian populations were used cognitive modeling using the program Vensim PLE. Cognitive map of the model for urban and suburban habitat conditions were the same. The differences concerned the strength of connections between individual factors (migration, fertility, pollution) and their orientation. In general, factors like pollution, parasites, predators had negative impact on the population, reducing its number. The birth rate, food and migration contributed to raising number of individuals. Some of the factors affected on the strength to of each other as well: the majority of the factors affected the structure of the population, had an influence on the fertility. Thanks to it the model reflects the additive effect of complex of factors on the subsequent status of the population. Proposed and analyzed four scenarios differing strength and duration of exposure. In the first scenario, a one-time contamination occurs and not subsequently repeated. The second and third scenario assumes half board contamination, 1 year (2 scenario) and two years (scenario 3). In the fourth scenario, the pollution affected the population of amphibians constantly. In accordance with the results of simulation, much weaker than the natural populations respond to pollution - have them as an intensive population growth and its disappearance at constant pollution is slow. Changes to other parameters of the model showed that this pollution is the decisive factor -only the constant action leads to a lethal outcome for the populations. All other components of the model have a corrective effect on the population dynamics, without changing its underlying trand. In urban areas due to the heavy impact of pollution maintaining the population is only possible thanks to the migration process – the constant replenishment of diminishing micropopulations of natural reserves. This confirms the assumption that the form of existence metapopulations lake frog in the city. In order to maintain the number of amphibians in urban areas at a high level it is necessary to maintain existing migration routes and the creation of new ones. Insular nature of the placement of suitable habitats in urban areas causes the metapopulation structure of the types of urbanists. Therefore, the process of urbanization is much easier for those species whicht are capable of migration in conditions of city. In the initial stages of settling the city micropopulationis formed by selective mortality of the most susceptible individuals to adverse effects. In future, maintaining the categories of individuals is provided mainly due to migration processes metapopulisation form of the species of existence is supported). It should be noted that the changes in the previous levels are always saved in future. In the case of reorganizations of individuals we of morphology can assume the existence of extremely adverse environmental conditions that threaten the extinction of the micropopulations. 

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