Duration of the “sprouting – earing” period and yield capacity of spring barley cultivars in the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Muzafarova ◽  
V.K. Riabchun ◽  
I.A. Petukhova ◽  
O.I. Padalka
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield Capacity ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
Period Duration ◽  
Medium Correlation ◽  
New Cultivars

Goal. To determine the influence of weather conditions on the “sprouting-earing” period duration in spring barley accessions and its relationship to yield capacity and to identify valuable genotypes by a set of economic features in the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine.Results and discussion. 298 barley accessions from 20 countries were studied. The correlation coefficients between the “sprouting-earing” period duration and yield for each year showed a positive medium correlation in 2016 (r = 0.54); positive below medium correlations in 2011 (r = 0.15), 2012 (r = 0.21), 2014 (r = 0.14), 2015 (r = 0.21), and 2017 r. (r = 0.24); and negative weak correlations in 2010 (r = -0.07) and 2013 (r = -0.24). Accessions with a set of valuable economic features with various “sprouting-earing” period durations (from 36 to 49 days) were singled out. These are Ukrainian accessions Skhidnyi, Baskak, Hermes, Svarozhich, Podyv, Khors, Balzam, Avhur, MIP Myrnyi, MIP Sotnik, Talisman Myronivskyi; Russian accessions Abalak, Karat, Yaromir, Kredo; Belarusian accession Fest; Germany; German accessions Grace, Henrike, KWS Aliciana, KWS Bambina; Netherlandish accession Gladys; Kazakhstani accessions Azik, Ilek-16.Conclusions. Thus, an insignificant positive relationship between the “sprouting-earing” period duration and yield in 2010-2017 was revealed. Spring barley accessions, which are valuable starting material for creating new cultivars with a set of important economic features, were identified. They can increase the breeding efficiency and accelerate the breeding process.

scholarly journals Adaptability of prospective spring barley cultivars bred in Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Irina N. Shchennikova ◽  
Olga N. Shupletsova ◽  
Irina Yu. Zaytseva ◽  
Larissa P. Kokina ◽  
Rimma I. Vyatkina
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
North East ◽  
Yield Capacity

Based on the statistical assessment of long-term field studies, in competitive variety tests, barley cultivars were identified adaptive to the conditions of the region, promising for transfer to the State variety test. As a result of the studies, a promising breeding material was created. The efficiency of using various methods of creating a new initial material, in particular, the cell culture method, is shown. A statistically significant correlation was established between the value of the hydrothermal coefficient (GTK) in the period “leaf tube formation - heading” and the yield capacity of a cultivar (r = 0.520). High variability (V = 24.4%) in the duration of the inter-stage period “leaf tube formation - heading” was revealed in the cultivars of competitive variety testing. Cultivars 94-13 and 38-15 are distinguished by a high yield potential (up to 6.4… 6.9 t/ha) and the duration of inter-stage periods, at which the main stages of organogenesis occur at the most favorable combination of heat and moisture for the potential development of plant features and properties. Cultivars 207-15, 38-15, and regenerant 550-08, characterized by high annual average yield capacity (5.9…5.7 tons/ha) and adaptability, are promising for transfer to the Russian Federation State variety test.

scholarly journals Assessment of yield, plasticity and stability of spring barley cultivars grown in the European North of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Olga Borisovna Batakova ◽  
Valentina Aleksandrovna Korelina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
European North ◽  
Local Selection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Level

In recent years, modern agroclimatic environmental conditions in the European North of the Russian Federation are determined by constant fluctuations of biotic and abiotic factors, which require a high level of plasticity and stability of crop yield and quantitative characteristics from cultivars used in agricultural production. Therefore, determining the plant response to changing environmental factors in order to select the most promising breeding seeds, is an important task for breeders. The research was conducted on experimental field of N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in the nursery of competitive variety testing in 20172019. Cultivars of spring barley of local selection were studied. Indicators of cultivar plasticity and stability were calculated by the method of S.A. Eberhart, W.A. Rassell (1966), the indicator of genetic flexibility by the method of R.A. Udachin (1990). Various weather conditions during the research period enabled to evaluate the breeding material comprehensively. The hydrothermal coefficient (according to G.T. Selyaninov) varied from 1.85 to 3.06 during the research years. Ten cultivar samples of spring barley were analyzed to identify a plastic stable genotype. As a result, a high level of stability was shown by samples k-037712 (Ϭ2 = 0.01), k-038404 (Ϭ2 = 0.02). Samples with a neutral genotype were identified: k-039257, k-036982 (bi 1) and a sample weakly responding to environmental changes k-038806 (bi = 0.23). The bi value is very close to 1 in Kotlassky cultivar, which shows a high ecological plasticity. Sample k-038806 has the lowest coefficient of linear regression (0.23), therefore, it is suitable for cultivation on unfertilized soils. The selected genetic sources will be used in breeding to develop highly productive cultivars of spring barley for the conditions of the European North of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Breeding and genetic patterns in trait expression and efficiency of creation of spring barley cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Kozachenko ◽  
N. I. Vasko ◽  
O. H. Naumov ◽  
P. M. Solonechnyi ◽  
O. V. Solonechna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
State Register ◽  
Genetic Patterns ◽  
Yield Capacity ◽  
The Creation

Aim. Solutions of scientific problems of increasing the efficiency of genetic breeding methods are important objectives in the creation of valuable spring barley cultivars. Methods. Analyses of variance, variation, correlation and regression as well as genetic methods of analyzing features of genotypes in the diallel crossing and top-crossing design were used. Results. The important scientific problems with regard to increasing the efficiency of breeding for yield capacity, brewing quality and starch fraction composition were solved by establishing morphological and biological characteristics, dispersion, correlation, variability, adaptability, breeding and genetic peculiarities of inheritance, heritability, components of genetic variation, combining ability of plant traits as well as the effectiveness of hybridization and mutagenesis methods. As a result of the patterns established, the efficiency of the creation of economically valuable spring barley cultivars was increased. Conclusions. The new solutions of important scientific problems of raising the efficiency of breeding for yield capacity and grain quality were proposed and generalized. On this basis, valuable cultivars were created. As of 2017, 17 of them have been were included in the State Register of Plant Varieties suitable for dissemination inUkraine. Keywords: breeding-genetic patterns, Hordeum vulgare L., cultivar, breeding method, yield capacity and grain quality.

scholarly journals Identification of spring barley genetic sources of increased and stable 1000 kernel weight performance (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hudzenko ◽  
О. Demyanyuk ◽  
T. Polishchuk ◽  
O. Babii ◽  
A. Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Ammi Model ◽  
Equal Contribution

The trials were conducted in 2018–2020 at the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS. The aim of the research was to identify new spring barley genetic sources with combination of increased and stable 1000 kernel weight performance for creation initial breeding material under ecological conditions of the central part of Ukrainian Forest-steppe. There were studied 96 spring barley collection accessions originated in different ecological conditions. To identify peculiarities among genotypes within different subspecies (two-rowed and sixrowed), groups of varieties (covered and naked), as well as among two-rowed covered accessions of different ecological origin the genotypes under study were divided into six groups. Within four groups of accessions there were selected genotypes combining the maximum 1000 kernel weight performance and high homeostatic (Hom) and selection value (Sc) indexes. The other two groups of accessions were characterized with the fact that genotypes with high1000 kernel weight through three years did not have high Hom and Sc indexes due to higher variability. The analysis of variance of the AMMI model revealed almost the equal contribution to the total variance for growing season conditions (34.02%), genotype (34.67%) and their interaction (31.32%). The identified features indicate both the significant genetic diversity presented in this panel of spring barley accessions and the significant influence of weather conditions on the formation of 1000 kernel weight, as well as the different reaction of genotypes on the conditions of individual years of the research. When using statistical parameters and visualizations of the GGE biplot, new spring barley genetic sources with the optimal combination of increased and stable the trait performance were identified. In particular, to improve 1000 kernel weight the accessions Sviatovit (UKR), Dar Nosivshchyny (UKR), Smaragd (UKR), Sunshine (DEU), Lilly (DEU), and Vladlen (KGZ) are recommended to use as parental components for two-rowed covered barley varieties, the accession NSGJ-1 (SRB) is for naked barley varieties, and Yerong (AUS) is for six-rowed barley varieties.

scholarly journals Assessment of yield and stability in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes of different ecological origin under conditions of the central part of Ukrainian Forest-steppe

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
V. Hudzenko ◽  
T. Polischuk ◽  
О. Demyanyuk ◽  
O. Babii ◽  
A. Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Models ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Yield Performance

The study was conducted at the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS in 2018–2020. The 96 spring barley accessions originating from 15 countries were evaluated in yield performance and its stability. The mean yield in the trial through the years varied from 265 g/m2 in 2018 to 447 g/m2 in 2020. The difference between the minimum and maximum yield of samples within individual years was 388 g/m2 in 2018, 522 g/m2 in 2019, 440 g/m2 in 2020. Thus, it was found that the studied genotypes differed significantly in the level of yield, both within a year and through years of the research. This is confirmed by the high percentage of the genotype in the total variance — 36.73%. The 15 accessions which in mean yield for three years exceeded the standard Vzirets have been identified. The genotypes Almonte (CAN), Smaragd (UKR), Skald (POL), and Vienna (AUT) had the optimal level of yield in contrasting weather conditions of different years. These accessions are the most valuable genetic sources for breeding usage under conditions of the central part of Ukrainian Forest-Steppe. The accessions Suveren (POL), Krok (UKR), Kormoran (POL), Severyanin (RUS), Avers (UKR), Tiver (UKR), Dar Nosivshchyny (UKR), Skarb (POL), AC Alma (CAN), Despina DEU), Glacier AL.38 (GBR) were characterized by different responses to contrasting weather conditions of different years. Therefore, when involving them in hybridization as parental components, a combined approach will be appropriate which based both on the ecological-geographical principle as well as taking into account the yield performance, depending on the conditions of different years. In order to comprehensively assess the genotype by environment interaction and to select genotypes with the optimal combination of yield and stability, it is advisable to combine statistical (graphical) models that differ in the principles of evaluation of genotypes

Response to Fusarium culmorum inoculation in barley

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Vančo ◽  
Svetlana Šliková ◽  
Valéria Šudyova ◽  
Antónia Šrobárová
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Weak Reaction ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
High Infection

AbstractIn field tests replicated in 2004 and 2005, 32 cultivars of spring barley were assessed for resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) by single floret inoculation and spray inoculation with Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Smith) Sacc. It was found that the weather conditions in individual years affect to a large extent the progression of FHB and production of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). At the same time, in both years the cultivars reacted to F. culmorum infection similarly with respect to areas under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values and content of mycotoxin DON. Spraying inoculation led to stronger infection. The biggest differences in AUDPC values were observed between the cultivars Brise and Celinka, and weak reaction was found in the cultivars Kompakt and Madonna. The cultivars Kompakt and Tolar were most resistant towards FHB. In both monitored years the variety Ludan contained the lowest amounts of mycotoxin DON. Cultivars with high infection and low DON content (r = 0.78) showed weak positive relationship between resistance to FBH and accumulation of DON (concentration 70–200 mg/kg). This is the first information on FHB and in vivo concentrations of DON in certificated barley cultivars in Slovakia.

scholarly journals Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei virulence frequency and the powdery mildew incidence on spring barley in the Wielkopolska province

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tratwal ◽  
Jan Bocianowski
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Virulence Frequency

Abstract Powdery mildew caused by fungi Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei is one of the most common barley diseases in Polish meteorological conditions. The powdery mildew fungus is made up of different races and forms that are highly specialized. Barley cultivars might be resistant to a certain race of the mildew fungus, but susceptible to another race. Development of the disease is rapid in temperatures from 12 to 20°C, and in humid weather. The aim of the two-year experiment was to assess B. graminis f. sp. hordei virulence frequency and powdery mildew occurrence on five spring barley cultivars. Virulence frequency of the pathogen depended on place and term of exposition. The occurrence of powdery mildew on spring barley cultivars depended on virulence frequency of the pathogen and weather conditions.

scholarly journals The influence of farming system elements on the yield of barley in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
N.A. Feoktistova ◽  
D.V. Eremina
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Indirect Impact

The results of long-term stationary studies on the influence of farming system elements on the yield of spring barley in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals are presented. In the experiment, the role of the precursor; the main tillage (plowing and surface scarification); three levels of mineral nutrition were studied. The variation of the barley harvest for 2004-2014 under the influence of weather conditions that have direct and indirect impact on the formation of the yield of cereals is shown. The yield of barley primarily depends on the level of mineral nutrition. The average yield of barley sown after peas was 3.52 t/ha, with a variation in the range of 2.40-4.24 t/ha. In the variant where the precursor was oat, the yield of barley was 3.39 t/ha with a variation from 2.11 to 4.72 t/ha. The share of the contribution of the growing season weather conditions is 49% (the precursor is peas) and 72% (the precursor is oat). The minimum yield over the years of research was 1.44 t/ha on the variant where the precursor was oat, fertilizers were not applied, and the main tillage was surface scarification. The maximum yield was 5.57 t/ha on the variant with a dose of fertilizers N54P52K52 kg/ha, which were introduced by plowing.

scholarly journals SEARCH FOR THE SELECTION CRITERIA IN THE PROCESS OF SPRING BARLEY BREEDING IN DIFFERENT YEARS OF MOISTURE AVAILABILITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Д.О. Долженко ◽  
С.Н. Шевченко
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Barley Breeding ◽  
Yield Structure

На гибридах ярового ячменя поколений F1 и F2 изучены варьирование элементов структуры урожая и корреляционные взаимосвязи между ними. Цель исследования – поиск эффективных критериев отбора в селекции ярового ячменя на продуктивность колоса и растения. Полевые эксперименты проведены на чернозёмах лесостепи Среднего Поволжья в контрастные по гидротермическому режиму годы. Низким коэффициентом вариации (до 10 %) стабильно характеризовались высота растений, Кхоз главного колоса и Кхоз главного побега, средним (10-20%) – продуктивная кустистость, масса зерна главного колоса, Кхоз растения. Изменчивость остальных изученных элементов структуры урожая варьировала от низкой до средней. В год с достаточным увлажнением проявились три относительно обособленные корреляционные плеяды: продуктивность главного колоса, продуктивность растения, Кхоз, а также почти независимый от них признак «масса 1000 зёрен». В засушливый год произошло переопределение корреляционных связей между элементами, возникло сопряжение между признаками различных плеяд, увеличился вклад в продуктивность показателей массы 1000 зёрен и Кхоз. Сделан вывод о влиянии различных критериях отбора на продуктивность ячменя в благоприятных и засушливых условиях. В благоприятных условиях следует вести селекцию на длину главного колоса и число зёрен в нём. В засушливый год приобретают особенное значение масса 1000 зёрен и показатели Кхоз, которые являются самостоятельной целью селекции в любых условиях. При отборе селекционных линий и подборе родительских форм для скрещиваний необходимо опираться на данные, полученные в контрастные по погодным условиям годы. Variations in the elements of the yield structure and correlation relationships between them were studied using hybrids of spring barley of generations F1 and F2. The goal of the study is to search for effective selection criteria for productivity of a head and a plant in the process of spring barley breeding. Field experiments were carried out on chernozems of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region in years contrasting in the hydrothermal regime. The height of plants, Khoz of the main head and Khoz of the main shoot were consistently characterized by a low coefficient of variation (up to 10%), productive tillering, grain weight of the main head, Khoz of a plant by average (10-20%). The variability of the other studied elements of the yield structure varied from low to average. In the year with sufficient moisture, three relatively separate correlational constellations appeared: productivity of the main head, productivity of the plant, Khoz, as well as almost independent trait of “weight of 1000 grains”. In the dry year, there was a redefinition of the correlations between the elements, a conjugation between the characteristics of different constellations, and an increase of contribution to the productivity of indices of weight of 1000 grains and Khoz. The conclusion is made about the influence of various selection criteria on the productivity of barley under favorable and arid conditions. Under favorable conditions, it is necessary to select by the length of the main head and the number of grains in it. In a dry year, the weight of 1000 grains and indicators of Khoz acquire special importance, which are an independent goal of breeding under any conditions. When selecting breeding lines and selecting parental forms for crosses, it is necessary to rely on data obtained in years with contrasting weather conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document