scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE UTERUS IN WOMEN AT DIFFERENT TIME INTERVALS OF THE POSTMORTEM PERIOD AS DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ESTABLISHING THE POSTMORTEM INTERVAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-827
Author(s):  
Vasil O. Olkhovsky ◽  
Edgar K. Grygorian ◽  
Mykhailo S. Myroshnychenko ◽  
Sergii V. Kozlov ◽  
Kostiantyn M. Suloiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Uterine Prolapse ◽  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Postmortem Changes ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Autopsy Material ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Outer Membranes ◽  
Vascular Walls

The aim is to identify the morphological features of the uterus layers in women at different time intervals of the postmortem period as diagnostic criteria for establishing the postmortem interval. Materials and methods: In the study we used surgical and autopsy material – uterine tissue fragments. All materials were divided into two groups. The 1st group (G 1) included surgical material from women (n=6) who underwent removal of the uterus, or uterus with the appendages due to leiomyoma, uterine prolapse. The 2nd group (G 2) included autopsy material from 42 women with known causes of death and postmortem period (from 24 to 48 hours – 6 cases, from 49 to 72 hours – 7 cases, from 73 to 96 hours – 8 cases, from 97 to 120 hours – 6 cases, from 121 to 144 hours – 8 cases, more than 144 hours – 7 cases). Histological and immunohistochemical study methods were used. Results: A comprehensive morphological study of the women uterus revealed a time-dependent increase of postmortem changes in this organ linked with the increase of postmortem period. In cases of postmortem period duration up to 144 hours, the structural elements of the uterine layers were identified. In cases where the duration of the postmortem period was more than 145 hours, microscopically the uterus was represented by eosinophilic fibrous or dusty masses, the histogenesis of which could not be determined. The processes of autolysis occurred more intensely and faster in the mucous membrane of the uterus, in comparison with the muscular and serous membranes, and in the vessels – in their inner membrane, in comparison with the middle and outer membranes. Autolytic changes in the muscular membrane of the uterus and vascular walls occurred more intensely in muscle fibers compared to connective tissue fibers. Conclusions: The histological and immunohistochemical features of the women uterus at different postmortem periods have a certain forensic medical significance and can be used for establishing the postmortem interval.

scholarly journals Gambaran makroskopik dan mikroskopik otot skelet pada hewan coba postmortem

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella B. Nelwan ◽  
Sunny Wangko ◽  
Taufik F. Pasiak
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Interval Estimation ◽  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Postmortem Changes ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Normal Muscle ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Microscopic Change

Abstract: To make pathologists and law personnel aware of the importance of postmortem interval, published studies have reported a lot of methods for estimation of postmortem interval estimation of the remains. This study was aimed to obtain macroscopic and microscopic postmortem changes of skeletal muscle of two domestic pigs weighed 20 kg. This was a descriptive observational study. After the pigs were killed, death time, ambient temperature and humadity were noted. Postmortem evaluation were done at several time intervals, as follows: 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours, 12 hours, 15 hours, 18 hours, 21 hours, 24 hours, 30 hours, 36 hours, 42 hours, and 48 hours. The results showed that at 2 hours after death, the skeletal muscle became pale and soft progressively. The earliest microscopic change was identified at 30 minutes postmortem as pyknotic nuclei of skeletal muscles followed by hydrophic degeneration of muscle fibers and congestion of muscle tisue. At 12 hours until 48 hours postmortem, all microscopic changes became more distinct and widely distributed in nearly all muscle fibres. Albeit, the striated pattern and some normal muscle fibres could still be identified until 48 hours postmortem.Conclusion: Macroscopic changes could be identified the earliest at 2 hours postmortem and microscopic changes could be identified at 30 minutes postmortem.Keywords: macroscopic, microscopic, skeletal muscle, postmortem changes Abstrak: Para peneliti telah banyak menggunakan metode-metode tertentu untuk membuat para penegak hukum dan ahli patologis lainnya memahami pentingnya penentuan jarak waktu kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran perubahan makroskopik dan mikroskopik postmortem pada otot skelet hewan coba babi dengan massa tubuh lebih kurang 20 kg. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional. Hewan coba dimatikan dengan cara ditusuk di bagian jantung, selanjutnya waktu kematian, suhu dan kelembaban ruangan dicatat. Otot skelet diamati pada beberapa interval waktu setelah kematian: 30 menit, 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam, 4 jam, 5 jam, 6 jam, 9 jam, 12 jam, 15 jam, 18 jam, 21 jam, 24 jam 30 jam, 36 jam, 42 jam dan 48 jam. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa otot skelet menjadi pucat dan lunak setelah 2 jam postmortem secara progresif. Pada 1 jam postmortem, tampak serat otot mengalami kongesti dan degenerasi hidropik. Perubahan mikroskopik tersebut menjadi lebih nyata dan tersebar luas di sebagian besar serat otot pada 12 jam sampai 48 postmortem. Walaupun demikian, corak seran lintang dan sebagian kecil serat otot masih tampak normal sampai 48 jam postmortem. Simpulan: Perubahan makroskopik telah dapat diidentifikasi pada 2 jam postmortem sedangkan perubahan mikroskopik mulai dapat diidentifikasi pada 30 menit postmortem.Kata kunci: makroskopik, mikroskopik, otot skelet, perubahan setelah kematian

scholarly journals Features of morphological changes of the uterus after the death prescription

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
E. K. Grygorian ◽  
M. S. Myroshnychenko
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Uterine Prolapse ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Postmortem Changes ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Biopsy Material ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Development Methods ◽  
Fibroblastic Cells

Background. Assessing the postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most problematic issues in judicial practice. Objective. To investigate the morphological changes of uterus tissues to determine the PMI-dependent features of postmortem changes development. Methods. A morphological analysis of 40 uterus tissue samples was performed; consisting of two groups: first group – samples from the corpses of women aged 23 to 70 years (n = 34), second group – comparison group – biopsy material from 6 women with uterine prolapse, uterine leiomyoma, from unaffected areas. Results. In the period from 24 to 48 hours after death, there were changes in the form of a slight change in the structure of cellular elements, changes in their color, the presence of light gaps between connective tissue and muscle fibers. In the period from 48 to 72 hours, the destruction of the border between the muscular and serous membranes, blurred contours and ruptures of cells, severe swelling of muscle fibers, wide gaps between muscle fibers, a significant decrease in fibroblastic cells were observed. In addition, there was no endothelium in a significant number of vessels, loss of clarity of fiber bundles, lack of nuclei in a significant number of myocytes. Desquamed endothelial cells and hemolyzed erythrocytes were seen in the openings of most vessels. Conclusion. Histological examination of uterine tissues showed the presence of specific changes during the studied time intervals after death, which can be used to introduce criteria to determine the time since death in practice.

scholarly journals Capillary Network Morphometry of Pig Soleus Muscle Significantly Changes in 24 Hours After Death

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Eržen ◽  
Jiří Janáček ◽  
Marko Kreft ◽  
Lucie Kubínová ◽  
Erika Cvetko
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Capillary Network ◽  
Postmortem Changes ◽  
Autopsy Material ◽  
Capillary Length ◽  
Biopsy Material ◽  
Postmortem Change ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
Geometric Deformation

Capillary network characteristics are invaluable for diagnostics of muscle diseases. Biopsy material is limited in size and mostly not accessible for intensive research. Therefore, especially in human tissue, studies are performed on autopsy material. To approach the problem whether it is reliable to deduce hypotheses from autopsy material to explain physiological and pathological processes, we studied capillarity in pig soleus muscle 1 and 24 hr after death. Capillaries and muscle fibers were immunofluorescently marked, and images were acquired with a confocal microscope. Characteristics of the capillary network were estimated by image analysis methods using several plugins of the Ellipse program. Twenty-four hours after death, the measured characteristics of the capillary network differ by up to 50% when compared with samples excised 1 hr after death. Muscle fiber diameter, the measured capillary length, and tortuosity were reduced, and capillary network became more anisotropic. The main postmortem change that affects capillaries is evidently geometric deformation of muscle tissue. In conclusion, when comparing results from biopsy samples with those from autopsy samples, the effect of postmortem changes on the measured parameters must be carefully considered.

scholarly journals Recommendations from the INHAND Apoptosis/Necrosis Working Group

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Elmore ◽  
Darlene Dixon ◽  
James R. Hailey ◽  
Takanori Harada ◽  
Ronald A. Herbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
General Term ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Cell Necrosis ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Mechanisms Of Toxicity ◽  
Current Guidance ◽  
Apoptosis And Necrosis

Historically, there has been confusion relating to the diagnostic nomenclature for individual cell death. Toxicologic pathologists have generally used the terms “single cell necrosis” and “apoptosis” interchangeably. Increased research on the mechanisms of cell death in recent years has led to the understanding that apoptosis and necrosis involve different cellular pathways and that these differences can have important implications when considering overall mechanisms of toxicity, and, for these reasons, the separate terms of apoptosis and necrosis should be used whenever differentiation is possible. However, it is also recognized that differentiation of the precise pathway of cell death may not be important, necessary, or possible in routine toxicity studies and so a more general term to indicate cell death is warranted in these situations. Morphological distinction between these two forms of cell death can sometimes be straightforward but can also be challenging. This article provides a brief discussion of the cellular mechanisms and morphological features of apoptosis and necrosis as well as guidance on when the pathologist should use these terms. It provides recommended nomenclature along with diagnostic criteria (in hematoxylin and eosin [H&E]-stained sections) for the most common forms of cell death (apoptosis and necrosis). This document is intended to serve as current guidance for the nomenclature of cell death for the International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria Organ Working Groups and the toxicologic pathology community at large. The specific recommendations are: Use necrosis and apoptosis as separate diagnostic terms. Use modifiers to denote the distribution of necrosis (e.g., necrosis, single cell; necrosis, focal; necrosis, diffuse; etc.). Use the combined term apoptosis/single cell necrosis when There is no requirement or need to split the processes, or When the nature of cell death cannot be determined with certainty, or When both processes are present together. The diagnosis should be based primarily on the morphological features in H&E-stained sections. When needed, additional, special techniques to identify and characterize apoptosis can also be used.

scholarly journals Histopathologic evaluation of postmortem autolytic changes in bluegill (Lepomis macrohirus) and crappie (Pomoxis anularis) at varied time intervals and storage temperatures

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jami George ◽  
Arnaud J. Van Wettere ◽  
Blayk B. Michaels ◽  
Debbi Crain ◽  
Gregory A. Lewbart
Keyword(s):  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Postmortem Changes ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Pomoxis Annularis ◽  
Histopathologic Evaluation ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Microscopy Data ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Information is lacking on preserving fish carcasses to minimize postmortem autolysis artifacts when a necropsy cannot be performed immediately. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively identify and score histologic postmortem changes in two species of freshwater fish (bluegill—Lepomis macrochirus; crappie—Pomoxis annularis), at varied time intervals and storage temperatures, to assess the histologic quality of collected samples. A pooled sample of 36 mix sex individuals of healthy bluegill and crappie were euthanized, stored either at room temperature, refrigerated at 4 °C, or frozen at −20 °C, and then necropsied at 0, 4, 24, and 48 h intervals. Histologic specimens were evaluated by light microscopy. Data showed that immediate harvesting of fresh samples provides the best quality and refrigeration would be the preferred method of storage if sample collection had to be delayed for up to 24 h. When sample collection must be delayed more than 24 h, the preferred method of storage to minimize autolysis artifacts is freezing if evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract is most important, or refrigeration if gill histology is most important. The gill arch, intestinal tract, followed by the liver and kidney were the most sensitive organs to autolysis.

Forensic medical evaluation of postmortem changes in postmortem interval determination

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2 (90)) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
V. O. Olhovsky ◽  
E. K. Grygorian ◽  
O. O. Furman ◽  
I. O. Kozhushko
Keyword(s):  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Postmortem Changes ◽  
Medical Evaluation

Development of prehospital care quality indicators for the Australian setting: a modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness method

2021 ◽  
pp. emermed-2020-210455
Author(s):  
Robin Pap ◽  
Craig Lockwood ◽  
Matthew Stephenson ◽  
Paul Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Evidence Summaries ◽  
General Time

BackgroundGlobally, the measurement of quality is an important process that supports the provision of high-quality and safe healthcare services. The requirement for valid quality measurement to gauge improvements and monitor performance is echoed in the Australian prehospital care setting. The aim of this study was to use an evidence-informed expert consensus process to identify valid quality indicators (QIs) for Australian prehospital care provided by ambulance services.MethodsA modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness method was conducted with a panel of Australian prehospital care experts from February to May 2019. The proposed QIs stemmed from a scoping review and were systematically prepared within a clinical and non-clinical classification system, and a structure/process/outcome and access/safety/effectiveness taxonomy. Rapid reviews were performed for each QI to produce evidence summaries for consideration by the panellists. QIs were deemed valid if the median score by the panel was 7–9 without disagreement.ResultsOf 117 QIs, the expert panel rated 84 (72%) as valid. This included 26 organisational/system QIs across 7 subdomains and 58 clinical QIs within 10 subdomains.Most QIs were process indicators (n=62; 74%) while QIs describing structural elements and desired outcomes were less common (n=13; 15% and n=9; 11%, respectively). Non-exclusively, 18 (21%) QIs addressed access to healthcare, 21 (25%) described safety aspects and 64 (76%) specified elements contributing to effective services and care. QIs on general time intervals, such as response time, were not considered valid by the panel.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that with consideration of best available evidence a substantial proportion of QIs scoped and synthesised from the international literature are valid for use in the Australian prehospital care context.

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