scholarly journals NUTRITION PECULIARITIES OF UKRAINIAN ADOLESCENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-497
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Strashok ◽  
Olena V. Buznytska ◽  
Olena M. Meshkova
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
The Body ◽  
International Project ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
Unbalanced Diet

The aim: To study the dietary peculiarities of Ukrainian adolescents with obesity and to identify the eating disorders on the background of metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods: A survey on the nutrition of Ukrainian adolescents was conducted at O. Yaremenko Ukrainian Institute for Social Research within the framework of the international project Health and Behavioral Orientations of Student Youth (HBSC), 2018. As a result, a sample of 200 adolescents with obesity (age 14-18 years: 100 boys and 100 girls) was formed, with the following examination by the Institute of Children and Adolescents Health Care of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. Results: A survey conducted revealed the problem of irrational and unbalanced diet in Ukrainian adolescents. Thus, irregular and unbalanced diet naturally causes digestive disorders and contributes to the formation of comorbid pathologies such as obesity and metabolic syndrome. The general analysis of the DEBQ survey results revealed that patients with metabolic syndrome were twice as likely to have abnormalities in eating behavior (71.8 ± 3.7)% than in patients without them (39.4 ± 4.1)%, (φ < 0.05). Adolescents with obesity experienced significant zinc and magnesium deficiency in the body (φ < 0.05). Conclusions: Modification of eating behaviour through healthy balanced nutrition and psychological support is one of the most important tasks in the treatment of patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals A latent class analysis of dietary behaviours associated with metabolic syndrome: a retrospective observational cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Ha Park ◽  
Ju Young Kim ◽  
So Hye Kim ◽  
Jung Hyun Kim ◽  
Young Mi Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Behaviours

Abstract Background Obesity defined solely by the Body Mass Index (BMI) may not reflect the true heterogeneity of the obese population. This study aimed to classify the dietary behaviours of overweight and obese individuals and to explore the relationship between patterns of dietary behaviour and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods A total of 259 patients who visited an outpatient weight management clinic at a tertiary hospital and underwent a dietary behaviour assessment between January 2014 and February 2019 were enrolled in the study. Dietary behaviours were assessed in three domains with nine categories, including choice of food (frequently eating out and consumption of instant/fast/takeaway food), eating behaviour (irregular meals; frequent snacking, including eating at night; emotional eating; and overeating/binge eating), and nutrient intake (high-fat/high-calorie foods, salty food, and poorly balanced diet). Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to classify the subjects according to these categories. Associations between latent class and metabolic syndrome were assessed by logistic regression. Results The subjects were classified into three LCA-driven classes, including a referent class of healthy but unbalanced eaters (n = 118), a class of emotional eaters (n = 53), and a class of irregular unhealthy eaters (n = 88). Compared with the referent class, emotional eaters had a significantly higher BMI (beta = 3.40, P < 0.001) accompanied by metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 2.88, 95% confidence interval 1.16–7.13). Conclusions Our three LCA-driven obesity phenotypes could be useful for assessment and management of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The association between emotional eaters and higher BMI and metabolic syndrome was stronger than that with other eaters. Thus, emotional regulation strategies might have benefit for emotional eater’s diet.

scholarly journals Сharacteristics of nutrition and content of certain microelements in blood in adolescents with signs of metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
O.V. Buznytska ◽  
◽  
L.A. Strashok ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Key Words Adolescents ◽  
Unbalanced Diet ◽  
Restrictive Type

Purpose — to study the nature of nutrition and blood zinc and magnesium levels in adolescents with signs of metabolic syndrome (MS). Materials and methods. The 200 patients with obesity (aged 14–18: 100 boys and 100 girls) were examined at the clinic of the Institute of Children and Adolescent Health Care of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination. The study of eating behavior (EB) was conducted by questionnaire using the Dutch questionnaire (DEBQ, The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire). The control group consisted of 30 healthy children of the same age category. The criteria for the diagnosis of MS in children, proposed by the International Diabetes Federation [IDF, 2007], were used, which allowed to divide patients into two groups: 1 — with signs of MS (50.0%) and 2 — without signs of MS (50.0%), each of which included 100 patients. Results and discussion. According to the anamnesis, adolescents had an unbalanced and irrational diet, as evidenced by complaints of pain and dyspepsia. Analysis of DEBQ data showed that in most adolescents there was a restrictive type of EB — (73.9±3.2%), also quite common variants were external (in 43.8±3.1%) and emotional type of EB (32.3±3.1%). The results showed significant zinc and magnesium deficiency in obese adolescents, in contrast to the surveyed control group (ϕ<0.05), in particular, the most pronounced (ϕ<0.05) deficiency of these trace elements was observed in the surveyed group with restrictive type of EB. Conclusions. Thus, an unbalanced diet naturally leads to disorders of both the digestive system and the formation of comorbid pathology, including obesity and MS. Analysis of the results of the DEBQ survey showed that patients with signs of MS were twice as likely to have EB disorders (71.8±3.7%) than patients without them (39.4±4.1%, ϕ<0.05). Among the violations of EB, the most common was the restrictive type (73.9%). Adolescents have a significant deficiency of zinc and magnesium in the blood (ϕ<0.05), in particular the most pronounced (ϕ<0.05) in the group of subjects with a restrictive type of EB. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: adolescents, microelements, nutrition, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals A latent class analysis of dietary behaviours associated with metabolic syndrome: a retrospective observational cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Ha Park ◽  
Ju Young Kim ◽  
So Hye Kim ◽  
Jung Hyun Kim ◽  
Young Mi Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Behaviours

Abstract Background: Obesity defined solely by the Body Mass Index (BMI) may not reflect the true heterogeneity of the obese population. This study aimed to classify the dietary behaviours of overweight and obese individuals and to explore the relationship between patterns of dietary behaviour and cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods: A total of 259 patients who visited an outpatient weight management clinic at a tertiary hospital and underwent a dietary behaviour assessment between January 2014 and February 2019 were enrolled in the study. Dietary behaviours were assessed in three domains with nine categories, including choice of food (frequently eating out and consumption of instant/fast/takeaway food), eating behaviour (irregular meals; frequent snacking, including eating at night; emotional eating; and overeating/binge eating), and nutrient intake (high-fat/high-calorie foods, salty food, and poorly balanced diet). Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to classify the subjects according to these categories. Associations between latent class and metabolic syndrome were assessed by logistic regression.Results: The subjects were classified into three LCA-driven classes, including a referent class of healthy but unbalanced eaters (n=118), a class of emotional eaters (n=53), and a class of irregular unhealthy eaters (n=88). Compared with the referent class, emotional eaters had a significantly higher BMI (beta=3.40, P<0.001) accompanied by metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 2.88, 95% confidence interval 1.16–7.13).Conclusions: Our three LCA-driven obesity phenotypes could be useful for assessment and management of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The association between emotional eaters and higher BMI and metabolic syndrome was stronger than that with other eaters. Thus, emotional regulation strategies might have benefit for emotional eater’s diet.

Association between muscle strength and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago R. de Lima ◽  
Priscila C. Martins ◽  
Giuseppe L. Torre ◽  
Alice Mannocci ◽  
Kelly S. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reference List

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize evidence for the association between muscle strength (MS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and MS and combinations of risk factors for MetS in children and adolescents. Five databases (Medline/PubMed, EBSCO, Scielo, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge) were searched up to November 2019 with complementary reference list searches. Inclusion criteria were studies that investigated the relationship between MS and MetS or MS and combinations of risk factors for MetS in children and adolescents (≤19 years of age). Risk of bias was assessed using standard procedures. From the total of 15,599 articles initially identified, 13 articles were included, representing 11,641 children and adolescents. Higher MS values were associated with lower risk for MetS or combinations of risk factors for MetS (n=11/13 studies). Of the total of included studies, about 23.1% (03/13) were longitudinal and all included studies were classified as having a moderate risk of bias. This review provides preliminary evidence for a beneficial relationship between MS and MetS among children and adolescents. Additionally, although the body of evidence points to the beneficial relationship between higher MS and lower risk for combination of factors for MetS in children and adolescents, this relationship is inconclusive.

scholarly journals Melatonin and diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats: impact on the hypophysial-testicular axis

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Scacchi Bernasconi ◽  
Nancy P. Cardoso ◽  
Roxana Reynoso ◽  
Pablo Scacchi ◽  
Daniel P. Cardinali
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Testosterone Secretion ◽  
Diet Manipulation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCombinations of fructose- and fat-rich diets in experimental animals can model the human metabolic syndrome (MS). In rats, the increase in blood pressure (BP) after diet manipulation is sex related and highly dependent on testosterone secretion. However, the extent of the impact of diet on rodent hypophysial-testicular axis remains undefined. In the present study, rats drinking a 10% fructose solution or fed a high-fat (35%) diet for 10 weeks had higher plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and lower plasma levels of testosterone, without significant changes in circulating follicle-stimulating hormone or the weight of most reproductive organs. Diet manipulation brought about a significant increase in body weight, systolic BP, area under the curve (AUC) of glycemia after an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), and plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid levels. The concomitant administration of melatonin (25 μg/mL of drinking water) normalized the abnormally high LH levels but did not affect the inhibited testosterone secretion found in fructose- or high-fat-fed rats. Rather, melatonin per se inhibited testosterone secretion. Melatonin significantly blunted the body weight and systolic BP increase, the increase in the AUC of glycemia after an IPGTT, and the changes in circulating lipid profile and uric acid found in both MS models. The results are compatible with a primary inhibition of testicular function in diet-induced MS in rats and with the partial effectiveness of melatonin to counteract the metabolic but not the testicular sequelae of rodent MS.

scholarly journals Adipokines, Myokines, and Hepatokines: Crosstalk and Metabolic Repercussions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2639
Author(s):  
Ana Rita de Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Bárbara de Oliveira Zanuso ◽  
Vitor Fernando Bordin Miola ◽  
Sandra Maria Barbalho ◽  
Patrícia C. Santos Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Endocrine Organs ◽  
Sharing Space

Adipose, skeletal, and hepatic muscle tissues are the main endocrine organs that produce adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines. These biomarkers can be harmful or beneficial to an organism and still perform crosstalk, acting through the endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine pathways. This study aims to review the crosstalk between adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines. Far beyond understanding the actions of each biomarker alone, it is important to underline that these cytokines act together in the body, resulting in a complex network of actions in different tissues, which may have beneficial or non-beneficial effects on the genesis of various physiological disorders and their respective outcomes, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Overweight individuals secrete more pro-inflammatory adipokines than those of a healthy weight, leading to an impaired immune response and greater susceptibility to inflammatory and infectious diseases. Myostatin is elevated in pro-inflammatory environments, sharing space with pro-inflammatory organokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), resistin, and chemerin. Fibroblast growth factor FGF21 acts as a beta-oxidation regulator and decreases lipogenesis in the liver. The crosstalk mentioned above can interfere with homeostatic disorders and can play a role as a potential therapeutic target that can assist in the methods of diagnosing metabolic syndrome and CVD.

scholarly journals Dairy Fat Consumption and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: An Examination of the Saturated Fatty Acids in Dairy

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unger ◽  
Torres-Gonzalez ◽  
Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
The Impact

Lifestyle is a key modifiable risk factor involved in the manifestation of metabolic syndrome and, in particular, diet plays a pivotal role in its prevention and development. Current dietary guidelines discourage the consumption of saturated fat and dietary sources rich in saturated fat, such as dairy products, despite data suggesting that full-fat dairy consumption is protective against metabolic syndrome. This narrative review assessed the recent epidemiological and clinical research that examined the consumption of dairy-derived saturated fatty acids (SFA) on metabolic syndrome risk. In addition, this review evaluated studies of individual SFA to gain insight into the potential mechanisms at play with intake of a diet enriched with these dairy-derived fatty acids. This work underscores that SFA are a heterogenous class of fatty acids that can differ considerably in their biological activity within the body depending on their length and specific chemical structure. In summary, previous work on the impact of dairy-derived SFA consumption on disease risk suggests that there is currently insufficient evidence to support current dietary guidelines which consolidate all dietary SFA into a single group of nutrients whose consumption should be reduced, regardless of dietary source, food matrix, and composition.

scholarly journals Effects of Extreme Weight Loss on Cardiometabolic Health in Children With Metabolic Syndrome: A Metabolomic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxin Liu ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Jing Liao ◽  
Xiaoguang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of extreme weight loss programs on circulating metabolites and their relationship with cardiometabolic health in children with metabolic syndrome.Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental design with a pretest and post-test. Thirty children with metabolic syndrome and aged 10–17years were recruited to an extreme weight loss program (i.e., exercise combined with diet control). The primary outcomes included plasma metabolites, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors. A total of 324 metabolites were quantitatively detected by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry system, and the variable importance in the projection (VIP) value of each metabolite was calculated by the orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis. The fold change (FC) and p value of each metabolite were used to screen differential metabolites with the following values: VIP&gt;1, p value&lt;0.05, and |log2FC|&gt;0.25. Pathway enrichment and correlation analyses between metabolites and cardiometabolic risk factors were also performed.Result: A large effect size was observed, presenting a weight loss of −8.9kg (Cohen’s d=1.00, p&lt;0.001), body mass index reduction of −3.3kg/m2 (Cohen’s d=1.47, p&lt;0.001), and body fat percent reduction of −4.1 (%) (Cohen’s d=1.22, p&lt;0.001) after the intervention. Similar improvements were found in total cholesterol (Cohen’s d=2.65, p&lt;0.001), triglycerides (Cohen’s d=2.59, p&lt;0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Cohen’s d=2.81, p&lt;0.001), glucose metabolism, and blood pressure. A total of 59 metabolites were changed after the intervention (e.g., aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; nitrogen metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis). The changes in metabolites (e.g., amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, and carnitine) were related to lipid metabolism improvement (p&lt;0.05). Organic acids and carnitines were associated with changes in the body composition (p&lt;0.05).Conclusion: Exercise combined with dietary control improved the body composition and cardiometabolic health in children with metabolic syndrome, and these changes may be related to plasma metabolites.

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