scholarly journals HEALTHCARE ASSOCIATED DEEP PELVIC TISSUE INFECTION AND OTHER INFECTIONS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-412
Author(s):  
Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽  
Lidiya V. Suslikova ◽  
Svitlana A. Pandei ◽  
Victor O. Rud ◽  
Igor V. Kokhanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Pelvic Abscess ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Tissue Infection ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection ◽  
Healthcare Associated

The aim: To obtain the first estimates of the current prevalence of healthcare-associated deep pelvic tissue infection and other infections of the female reproductive tract (vagina, ovaries, uterus) including chorioamnionitis, and antimicrobial resistance of causing pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data. The study population included 3,053 women’s who underwent gynecological surgery or other procedures from 2017 to 2019 in 7 women hospitals in Ukraine. Definitions of healthcare-associated reproductive tract infection were used from the CDC/ NHSN. Results: The prevalence of healthcare-associated deep pelvic tissue infection and other infections of the female reproductive tract was 26.3%. Incidence of infection was: 13.3% Pelvic abscess or cellulitis, 14.6% Adnexa utery, 9.5% Salpingitis, 7.1% Oophoritis, 12.2% Parametritis, 4.6% Chorioamnionitis, and 38.8% Bacterial Vaginitis. The predominant pathogens were: Escherichia coli (25.6%), Enterobacter spp. (11.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.5%), Enterococcus faecalis (7.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%). Methicillin-resistance was observed in 14.3% of S. aureus (MRSA). The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 20.8%. The prevalence of ESBL production among E. coli isolates was 24.7% and among K. pneumoniae 11.9%. Resistance to thirdgeneration cephalosporins was observed in 12.8% E.coli and 9.2% K. pneumoniae isolates. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 8.5% of P.aeruginosa isolates. Conclusions: Healthcare associated deep pelvic tissue infection and other infections of the female reproductive tract in Ukraine is a common occurrence and many cases are caused by pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics.

EPISIOTOMY INFECTIONS IN THE PUERPERIUM AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF RESPONSIBLE PATHOGENS IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 2325-2331
Author(s):  
Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽  
Taras G. Voitok ◽  
Igor V. Maidannyk ◽  
Serhiy Yu. Vdovychenko ◽  
Olena О. Chorna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

1 2 ABSTRACT The aim: To obtain the first estimates of the current prevalence rate of episiotomy infections in the puerperium and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data. The study population consisted of all women who had a vaginal delivery in 7 Regional Women’s Hospitals of Ukraine. Definitions of episiotomy infections were used from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC/NHSN). Results: Total 35.6% women after vaginal delivery had episiotomy done. The prevalence rate of episiotomy infections was 17.7%. The predominant pathogens were: Escherichia coli (49.2%), Enterobacter spp. (11.1%), Streptococcus spp. (9.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (6.5%), Klebsiella spp. (8.1%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (4.2%), Proteus spp.(2.9%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (2.8%). The overall proportion of methicillin-resistance was observed in 17.3% of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Vancomycin resistance was observed in 6.8% of isolated enterococci. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 8% of P.aeruginosa isolates. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was observed in 15.2% Klebsiella spp. and E.coli 16.4% isolates. The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 26.4%. The prevalence of ESBL production among E. coli isolates was significantly higher than in K. pneumoniae (31.4%, vs 12.5%). Conclusions: Episiotomy infections in the puerperium are common in Ukraine and most of these infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Optimizing the management and empirical antimicrobial therapy may reduce the burden of episiotomy infections, but prevention is the key element.

VAGINAL CUFF INFECTION AFTER HYSTERECTOMY IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽  
Alla D. Vitiuk ◽  
Solomiia Ya. Hrynchuk ◽  
Anna S. Bober ◽  
Oksana B. Hrynchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Laparoscopic Hysterectomy ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Vaginal Cuff ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

The aim: To obtain the first estimates of the current prevalence of vaginal cuff infection after hysterectomy and antimicrobial resistance of causing pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data. The study population consisted of women who had an abdominal, vaginal or laparoscopic hysterectomy from 2017 to 2019 in 7 women hospitals of Ukraine. Definitions of vaginal cuff infections were used from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network, USA. Results: Total 12.6% women’s after hysterectomy had vaginal cuff infections. Of these cases, 20.3% after abdominal, 15.5% vaginal and 4.1% laparoscopic hysterectomy were identified. The predominant pathogens of VCUF infections were: Escherichia coli (18.6%), Enterobacter spp. (12.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.8%), Streptococcus spp. (9,7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.6%), Enterococcus faecalis (7,0%) and Proteus spp. (7.0%). Methicillin-resistance was observed in 12.9% of S. aureus (MRSA) and 9.7% CoNS. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 7.3% of P.aeruginosa isolates. Resistance to thirdgeneration cephalosporins was observed in 8.9% K. pneumoniae and E.coli 11.9% isolates. The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 22.7%. The prevalence of ESBL production among E. coli isolates was significantly higher than in K. pneumoniae (32.6%, vs 12.3%). Conclusions: Vaginal cuff infections in women after hysterectomy are common in Ukraine and most of these infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The incidence of VCUF infections after hysterectomy differs depending on the type of surgical procedure.

scholarly journals POSTPARTUM MASTITIS IN THE BREASTFEEDING WOMEN AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF RESPONSIBLE PATHOGENS IN UKRAINE: RESULTS A MULTICENTER STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-903
Author(s):  
Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽  
Serhii E. Savchenko ◽  
Kyrylo Chaika ◽  
Alla D. Vitiuk ◽  
Iana Ruban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Regional Hospitals ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

The aim: To obtain the prevalence of mastitis in the breastfeeding women and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data for Postpartum Mastitis and included 18,427 breastfeeding women’s who gave birth in 11 regional hospitals of Ukraine. Results: 22.6% breastfeeding women’s were found to have breast infections. Among these patients, 11.6% breast abscess and 88.4% mastitis were observed. Of the total cases breast infections, 74.8% were detected after hospital discharge. The rate of healthcare-associated mastitis was 8.6%. The predominant pathogens were: Staphylococcus aureus (23.6%), Escherichia coli (19.4%), Enterobacter spp. (11.9%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (10.7%), Klebsiella spp. (8.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.8%), Enterococcus faecalis (4.8%), and Proteus mirabilis (4.6%). The overall proportion of methicillin-resistance was observed in 27.9% of S. aureus (MRSA) and 24.3% of S. epidermidis (MRSE). Of the total methicillin-resistance strains, 74.8% of MRSA and 82.1% of MRSE is community-acquired, were detected after hospital discharge. Vancomycin resistance was observed in 9.2% of isolated enterococci. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 7.3% of P.aeruginosa isolates. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was observed in 8.8% Klebsiella spp. and E.coli 9.1% isolates. Conclusions: Mastitis in the breastfeeding women in Ukraine requires medical attention it is common, and a lot of cases are caused by pathogens resistant to antibiotics. Optimizing the management and empirical antimicrobial therapy may reduce the burden of mastitis, but prevention is the key element.

scholarly journals Chlamydia muridarum infection differentially changes smooth muscle contractility and responses to prostaglandins in uterus and cervix

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Ming Lee ◽  
Jemma R. Mayall ◽  
Anne Chevalier ◽  
Dirk Van Helden ◽  
Jay C. Horvat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Muscle Contractility ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contractility ◽  
Contraction Amplitude ◽  
Chlamydia Muridarum ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection

AbstractChlamydia trachomatis infection is a primary cause of reproductive tract diseases including chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Previous studies showed that this infection alters physiological activities in mouse oviducts. Whether this occurs in the uterus and cervix has never been investigated. This study characterized the physiological activity of the uterus and the cervix in a Chlamydia muridarum (Cmu) mouse model of reproductive tract infection. Uterine or cervix smooth muscle contractility, responses to oxytocin or prostaglandins (PGF2α and PGE2) and mRNA expression of oxytocin and PG receptors were assessed 14 days post infection. Cmu infection did not affect the contractions of the uterine horn but significantly decreased the contraction amplitude of the cervix. Cmu infection did not alter the responses of uterine horn or cervix to oxytocin, however PGF2α induced contractions of the uterine horn, but not the cervix, were significantly increased following Cmu infection. PGE2 contraction amplitude in both the uterine horn and cervix was unaffected by Cmu infection. An upregulation of Ptgfr and a down-regulation of Ptegr4 mRNA expression was observed in the uterine horn following Cmu infection. These results indicate that Cmu infection alters contractility and prostaglandin signalling in the female reproductive tract but the effects are localised to specific regions.

scholarly journals HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTION IN NEUROSURGICAL PATIENTS IN UKRAINE: RESULTS OF A MULTICENTER STUDY (2017-2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1945-1951
Author(s):  
Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽  
Dmytro V. Shchehlov ◽  
Oleh Svyrydiuk ◽  
Ihor M. Bortnik ◽  
Maryna Mamonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Healthcare Associated

The aim: To obtain the estimates of the current prevalence of healthcare-associated infection among neurosurgical patients and determine the antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data of HAIs among neurosurgical patients from 2017 to 2019 in 7 regional hospitals. Definitions of HAI were used from the CDC/ NHSN. Results: Of 9,711 neurosurgical patients, 1,031 (20.9%) HAIs were observed. The most frequently of HAI types were surgical site infection (53.2%), pneumonia (17.3%), urinary tract infection (15.1%) and bloodstream infection (14.4%). The overall prevalence of HAIs was 20.9% within three months and was 12.8% during one month surveillance period. Death during hospitalization was reported in 11.3% of HAI cases. Escherichia coli were most commonly reported, accounting for 24.3% of all organisms, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (15.9%), Enterococcus spp (14.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.4%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.8%). Meticillin resistance was 34.6% of S.aureus isolates. Vancomycin resistance was in 7.1% of isolated enterococci. Among the gram-negative bacteria, third-generation cephalosporins resistance was found in 48.5% of K.pneumoniae and in 34.3% of E. coli isolates. Carbapenem resistance was reported in 11.7% of all included Enterobacteriaceae, also highest in K.pneumoniae, and in 32.4% of P.aeruginosa isolates and in 67.2% of Acinetobacter spp. isolates. Conclusions: Healthcare-associated infections are a cause for mortality and morbidity among hospitalized neurosurgical patients. This is due to increase emergence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Routinely collected surveillance data are of great value as a basis for studying the consequences of HAIs.

scholarly journals Physician-patient communication in the prevention of female reproductive tract infections: some limitations

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Y. Makuch ◽  
Neury José Botega ◽  
Luis Bahamondes
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Tubal Infertility ◽  
The Public ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to describe the information that women with tubal infertility recalled having received from physicians when they consulted for a reproductive tract infection (RTI) and the information physicians reported having provided to women consulting for RTIs. Interviews were conducted with 16 women presenting primary tubal infertility selected on the basis of purposeful sampling criteria. Also, 15 physicians working in the public health network in the city of Campinas, Brazil, were selected at random and interviewed. Analysis of the women's statements concerning previous RTI-related medical consultations showed that they did not recall having received any information on either prevention or the impact of RTI on their reproductive future. Analysis of interviews with physicians showed that the information they provided to women consulting for RTIs was incomplete and unclear. The information women recalled having received and that which physicians remembered having provided at the time of treating a patient with RTI was similar. In conclusion, these women lacked adequate or complete information and that it was probably not possible for them to adopt measures to avoid repetition of RTI and minimize risk of tubal infertility.

scholarly journals Prevention and Treatment of Reproductive Tract Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Risnawati Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection ◽  
Multiple Partners ◽  
Tract Infections

Reproductive Tract Infections (ISR) occur because of the process of entering and breeding the germs that cause infections into the female reproductive tract. Caring for sexual organs is often not done as often as caring for other organs. Though sexual organs need extra attention. In these sexual organs, the resulting sweat is quite excessive. So that the sexual organs become moist. prevention that can be done to prevent the occurrence of sexually transmitted diseases that is with care and maintain the cleanliness of the reproductive organs. Treatments that can be done are consuming healthy and nutritious eating, avoid using tight pants, check with your doctor if you experience vaginal discharge for a very long time, make it a habit to cleanse the genitals after sexual intercourse, do not use pantyliner, avoid having sexual intercourse with multiple partners. Washing the genitals every day, changing clothes frequently, at least twice a day in the bath, during menstruation, use soft pads, always wash hands before touching the genitals, avoid using other people's towels or washcloths and shave a portion of pubic hair to prevent bacterial growth

Effect of Contraceptive Steroids on the Endometrium of Guinea Pig: SEM study

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
Mai M. Said ◽  
Ramesh K. Nayak ◽  
Randall E. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Human Female ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Uterine Mucosa ◽  
Group 1

Burgos and Wislocki described changes in the mucosa of the guinea pig uterus, cervix and vagina during the estrous cycle investigated by transmission electron microscopy. More recently, Moghissi and Reame reported the effects of progestational agents on the human female reproductive tract. They found drooping and shortening of cilia in norgestrel and norethindrone- treated endometria. To the best of our knowledge, no studies concerning the effects of mestranol and norethindrone given concurrently on the three-dimensional surface features on the uterine mucosa of the guinea pig have been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mestranol and norethindrone on surface ultrastructure of guinea pig uterus by SEM.Seventy eight animals were used in this study. They were allocated into two groups. Group 1 (20 animals) was injected intramuscularly 0.1 ml vegetable oil and served as controls.

Surface ultrastructure of danazol treated rat endometrium: A SEM study

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
R.P. Apkarian ◽  
J.S. Sanfilippo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Sprague Dawley

The synthetic androgen danazol, is an isoxazol derivative of ethisterone. It is utilized in the treatment of endometriosis, fibrocystic breast disease, and has a potential use as a contraceptive. A study was designed to evaluate the ultrastructural changes associated with danazol therapy in a rat model. The preliminary investigation of the distal segment of the rat uterine horn was undertaken as part of a larger study intended to elucidate the effects of danazol on the female reproductive tract.Cross-sections (2-3 mm in length) of the distal segment of the uterine horn from sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared for SEM. Ten rats in estrus served as controls and six danazol treated rats were noted to have alterations of the estrus cycle i.e. a lag in cycle phase or noncycling patterns. Specimens were fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.05M phosphate buffer containing CaCl2 at pH 7.0-7.4 and chilled to 4°C. After a brief wash in distilled water, specimens were passed through a graded series of ethanol, critical point dryed in CO2 from absolute ethanol, and coated with 6nm Au. Observations were made with an IS1-40 SEM operated at 15kV.

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