scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PECULARITIES OF ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE (SHAPE) OF DUODENAL BULB ON THE MECHANISM OF FORMATION OF “KISSING” ULCERS OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC NON-ATROPHIC GASTRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 2568-2571
Author(s):  
Anatoly A. Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Duodenal Bulb ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Small Curvature ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Oval Shape

The aim: To determine of the factors influencing the formation of “kissing” duodenal bulb ulcer in patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis. Materials and methods: The data of a comprehensive examination of 34 patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis were analyzed, in which the examination revealed “kissing” ulcers of the duodenal bulb (primary group), and 37 patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis, in which single ulcers were detected in the bulb (control group). Comprehensive examination included: step-by-step intragastric pH-metry, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, helicobacter infection test (НР) (helicobacter urease test and microscopic examination of stained smears), histological investigations of the gastric stump mucous, material for which was taken during endoscopy from 4 topographical zones: from the middle third of the gastric antrum and body of stomach on the big and small curvature. Results: In the course of the examination, the presence of chronic non-atrophic gastritis in 100% of cases was confirmed with a different degree of activity of the inflammatory process on the gastric mucosa, as well as the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection with a high degree of colonization of the gastric mucosa in the absence of a significant difference (p> 0.05) in the stomach zones. It was found that the main difference that can be traced in 100% of cases is the difference in the anatomical structure of the bulb of the duodenum, namely, the shape: in the control group, the shape and lumen of the duodenal bulb are round, while in the patients of the main group the bulb the duodenum, starting from the pylorus, is stretched toward the large and small curvature, which gives the lumen bulb its oval shape. Conclusions: “Kissing” ulcers of the duodenal bulb are formed in patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis only if the patients have a peculiar anatomical structure of the bulb, in which the lumen has an oval shape.

INFLUENCE OF SYSTEMATIC TAKING BLOCKERS OF H2-HISTAMINE RECEPTORS ON THE DEGREE OF SEMINATION OF GASTRIC MUCOSA WITH HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION OF PATIENT WITH CHRONIC NON – ATROPHIC GASTRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 2503-2506
Author(s):  
Anatoly A. Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Histamine Receptor ◽  
Chronic Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Histamine Receptors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colloidal Bismuth Subcitrate ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Receptor Blockers

The aim: To determine the effect of prolonged use of H2-histamine receptor blockers on the degree of contamination of the gastric mucosa with HP infection in patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis. Materials and methods: 28 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (the main group), who regularly took H2-histamine receptor blockers for 2 to 7 years, and 30 patients (control group), who never used them were comprehensively examined. Comprehensive examination included: step-by-step intragastric pH-metry, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, helicobacter infection test (НР) (helicobacter urease test and microscopic examination of stained smears), histological investigations of the gastric stump mucous, material for which was taken during endoscopy from 4 topographical zones: from the middle third of the gastric antrum and body of stomach on the big and small curvature. Results: All the patients in 100% of cases have confirmed the existence of chronic non-atrophic gastritis in both active and inactive stages of varying degrees of severity. Helicobacter infection was detected in 100% of cases. A comparative analysis of the data on the average degree of infection of the gastric mucosa by HP infection in the same topographic zones in the patients of the main and control groups revealed a significant (p <0.05) higher degree of seeding of the gastric mucosa in patients of the main group in all zones. Conclusions: Monotherapy for chronic non-atrophic gastritis with blockers of Н2-histamine receptors leads to an increase in the degree of gastric mucosa semination with HP infection. This fact requires mandatory parallel use of antibacterial agents – colloidal bismuth subcitrate and antibiotics, with blockers of Н2-histamine receptors.

scholarly journals Impact of alcohol on gastric mucosa in a population with high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 764
Author(s):  
Sultan Nawahir ◽  
George Kurian ◽  
Thomas Alexander ◽  
Susy Kurian
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Abuse ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
H Pylori

Background: The purpose of the study was to see whether chronic alcohol abuse had any effect on the gastric mucosa in a population already affected by a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori.Methods: 35 males with a history of chronic alcohol abuse were compared with 35 males who were abstinent or social drinkers. All subjects had complaints of dyspepsia. All subjects underwent endoscopy and targeted biopsies were taken from three specific sites in the stomach, namely body, antrum and incisura. Biopsies were studied to look for changes of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. The presence or absences of H. pylori on the tissue biopsy were also recorded.Results: Atrophic gastritis were only assessable in 24 alcoholic patients and 21 non-alcoholic patients due to the inadequacy of the depth of the biopsy. AG were found to be equally distributed in both the groups. 23 (64.9%) patients in the alcoholic group and 19(54.5%) in the control group had AG (OR-1.54, p=0.47). Intestinal metaplasia was seen in 10 (28.5%) alcoholic group and 12 (34.2) in the control group (OR-0.65, p=0.45). Of the 42 subjects detected to have AG, 16 (38.1%) had IM. However, IM were always associated with AG. In addition, H. pylori were not seen to be different in the two groups. H. pylori were positive in 18 (51.4%) alcoholic and14 (40%) non-alcoholic patients (p=0.33).Conclusions: Chronic alcohol abuse doesn’t appear to have any major impact on the gastric mucosa in terms of producing premalignant lesions such as atrophic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia or enhancing the prevalence of H. pylori.

scholarly journals Endoscopic and histological evaluation of the mucous membrane of the stomach in relatives of people suffering from cancer of the stomach

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-403
Author(s):  
V. V. Karpenka ◽  
Ju. V. Gorgun ◽  
N. P. Mitkovskaya ◽  
V. V. Krasko
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Of The Stomach ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
H Pylori

The condition of gastric mucosa was assessed in relatives of patients with gastric cancer (RPGC). The study included 108 RPGC (main group) and 102 patients with no family history of gastric cancer who were screened for dyspepsia. All study participants were subjected to clinical examination, questioning and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) with a biopsy, in which the gastric mucosa state was assessed according to the modified Sydney system, the OLGA and OLGIM systems, and the definition of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. It was established that the prevalence of H. pylori infection in the main group was 58.3 % (95 % CI 48.8–67.7), in the control group – 56.0 % (95 % CI 46.1–65.6). At RPGC, atrophy of any localization (46.3 % (95 % CI 39.4–53.2) versus 26.5 % (95 % CI 20.4–32.6), respectively, was found more often than in the control group, respectively, p = 0.002), antral atrophic gastritis (41.6 % (95 % CI 34.8–48.4) versus 26.5 % (95 % CI 20.4–32.6), respectively, p = 0.020), and isolated atrophy in the stomach body (4.6 % (95 % CI 1.7–7.4) versus 0 % ( p = 0.03). In RPGC, atrophy developed at a younger age (48.0 years (95 % CI 44.0–52.0) versus 53.0 years in the control group (95 % CI 48.3–57.8) p = 0.000). There were no significant differences between the groups in the incidence of metaplasia and dysplasia. The following risk factors for development of atrophy were identified in the factor analysis: age over 6f0 years (odd ratio (OR) 53.0; 95 % CI 12.2–390.1; p < 0.001), age over 40 years (OR 4.0; 95 % CI 2.0–8.2; p < 0.001), heredity burdened by gastric cancer (OR 2.7; 95 % CI 1.4–5.7; p = 0.006) and the use of strong alcoholic beverages (OR 5.5; 95 % CI 1.6–21.6; p = 0.009). The frequency of the atrophy development of the gastric mucosa is increased in RPGC, and atrophic gastritis develops at a younger age in comparison with individuals without a burdened hereditary history. In addition to the hereditary factor, the risk of atrophy is associated with age and alcohol use.

scholarly journals Association of TP53 gene codon 72 polymorphism with Helicobacter pylori-positive non-cardia gastric cancer in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 984-991
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Thi Ha ◽  
Thanh Nha Uyen Le ◽  
Viet Nhan Nguyen ◽  
Van Huy Tran
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Codon 72 ◽  
Codon 72 Polymorphism ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tp53 Codon 72 Polymorphism ◽  
H Pylori

Introduction: This research aimed to determine the association of the combination of H. pylori infection and TP53 codon 72 polymorphism with non-cardia gastric cancer (GC) in Vietnam. Methodology: A total of 164 patients with non-cardia GC and 164 patients with peptic ulcer disease or functional dyspepsia in controls matched by sex and age were enrolled. H. pylori infection was diagnosed by rapid urease test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The cagA gene-positivity and vacA sm subtypes were determined by multiplex PCR. Genotypes of TP53 codon 72 polymorphism were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: The prevalence of H. pylori infection in GC and control group were 61.6% and 55.4%, respectively. The rates of cagA-positive strains in the two H. pylori-positive groups were 80.2% and 71.4%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in TP53 codon 72 genotype distribution between GC group (frequencies of Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro and Pro/Pro genotypes were 31.1%, 43.3% and 25.6%, respectively) and controls (29.3%, 52.4% and 18.3%, respectively), p = 0.172. The significant difference in genotype distribution was observed in recessive model (Pro/Pro vs Arg/Arg + Arg/Pro) when stratifying by H. pylori infection (OR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.03–3.96, p = 0.041) and by cagA-positivity (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.07–5.07, p = 0.032). Conclusions: This study suggests a synergistic interaction between H. pylori infection, especially cagA-positive H. pylori, and Pro/Pro genotype of TP53 codon 72 polymorphism might play a significant role in the pathogenesis of GC in the Vietnamese population.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF IMPLEMENTATION AND IMPACT OF APPENDECTOMY AT ACTIVATION OF THE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC NON-ATROPHIC GASTRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1489-1491
Author(s):  
Anatoly A. Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gastric Stump ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract ◽  
The Impact

The aim: Determine the frequency of surgery-appendectomy of patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis and the impact of this transaction on the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis. Materials and methods: Data of disease history and life were analyses, as well as the results of a comprehensive survey of 245 patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis. Comprehensive examination included: step-by-step рН-metry, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, helicobacter infection test (НР) (helicobacter urease test and microscopic examination of stained smears), histological investigations of the gastric stump mucous. Results: Helicobacter infection was detected in 100% of cases. It was found that 56 (22.9%) of patients were subjected to appendectomy. Age of patients, who had an appendectomy ranged from 4 to 40 years and averaged 18.34 ± 1.05 years, and the first pathological manifestations of the gastro-intestinal tract appeared in an average of 28.27± 1.75 year, i.e. in 10 years. As for the age qualification pupil were the earliest pathological manifestations appeared in a group of patients from 11 to 15 years (13 people (23.2%) and amounted to about 6 years after the operation, and 6 (46.2%) patients, manifestations appeared in 2-6 months after surgery; the most recent is in group from 16 to 20 years (19 people (33.9%) and amounted to about 14 years (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Surgery on the body of immune system – appendix provokes activation of latent form of chronic non-atrophic gastritis, especially during puberty.

scholarly journals REGULARITY OF CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF ACIDITY, HELICOBACTER INFECTION AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN THE FORM OF HEARTBURN IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC NON-ATROPHIC GASTRITIS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT WITHOUT USE OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
H Pylori

The aim of the work – to study the regularity of changes in the level of acidity, H.pylori infection and the clinical manifestation of heartburn in patients with chronic nonatrophic gastritis before and after treatment that did not include proton pump inhibitors.Material and methods. We have analyzed the results of a comprehensive examinationof 38 patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis, suffering from heartburn, before andafter treatment that did not include proton pump inhibitors. Comprehensive examinationbefore treatment included a step-by-step pH-metry, esophagogastroduodenoscopy,double testing for Helicobacter pylori infection (urease test and microscopy of the stainedsmears-prints) using mucosal biopsy specimens from 4 topographic zones of the stomach;histological examination of the gastric mucosa, material for which was taken from thesame areas, and HELIC test. After the treatment, pH-meter control and HELIС test wereperformed.Results. When carrying out a comparative characteristic of the obtained data, ithasbeen found that the average level of acidity after the treatment increased from moderateminimal hypoacidity to pronounced absolute hyperacidity, while the average level ofcontamination of the gastric mucosa by H. pylori infection, tracked by the level of theHELIC test, decreased from 16.4 ± 0.12 mm to 2.3 ± 0.12 mm, and the "heartburn"symptom disappeared in 100% of cases.Conclusions. In the formation of the “heartburn”symptom in patients with chronicnon-atrophic gastritis, the leading factor is the level of ammonia produced by H. pyloriinfection.

scholarly journals Characteristics of gastric and duodenal mucosa in patients with primary biliary cholangitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-597
Author(s):  
Dragan Popovic ◽  
Sanja Zgradic ◽  
Sanja Dragasevic ◽  
Simon Zec ◽  
Marijan Micev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Group Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy

Background/Aim. Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an immune-mediated chronic cholestatic disease of liver, with a slow progression. The aim of our study was to determine the correlation of PBC, atrophic gastritis (AG) and gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE), to identify the macroscopic and histopathological modifications of gastric and duodenal mucosa which occur in PBC and to analyze the frequency of these changes compared to a control group. Methods. This study included 50 patients with PBC and 46 control subjects with the dyspeptic symptoms, without liver disease. All of the examined subjects underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Macroscopic and histopathological findings of the gastric and duodenal mucosal samples were recorded and analyzed. Results. There was no statistically significant association between the PBC and AG, or between the PBC and Helicobacter pylori infection. There was a highly significant difference in the frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection and the presence of GSE in the patients in the control group compared to those with PBC. Conclusions. The patients with PBC are at a lower risk for Helicobacter pylori infectionand atrophic gastritis. Testing for GSE in the PBC patients may be beneficial, considering the higher incidence of GSE amongst these patients. GSE represents a risk factor for the presence of PBC and the patients with GSE are nearly four times more likely to have PBC.

scholarly journals Morphometrical analysis of bone marrow metamyelocyte in pernicious anemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 562-565
Author(s):  
Lana Macukanovic-Golubovic ◽  
Gorana Rancic ◽  
Mladen Milenovic ◽  
Goran Marjanovic ◽  
Svetlana Vojvodic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Pernicious Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Contour Length ◽  
Cytoplasmic Factor ◽  
Morphometrical Analysis ◽  
Surface Contour

Introduction In pernicious anemia besides the presence of megaloblasts in the bone marrow, changes in myeloid series were seen; being the most evident among the metamyelocyte. The aim of this study was to perform the quantification of metamyelocyte of the bone marrow in pernicious anemia. Material and methods Between 2000-2006 in the Clinic of Hematology-Nis, 68 patients with pernicious anemia were examined and 30 with dyspeptic syndrome (control group). The group of patients with pernicious anemia in relation to pathohistologic changes of gastric mucosa was divided into three sub-groups. Morphometrical analysis of metamyelocyte of the bone marrow was carried out by the application of the double netlike system (B100). The following parameters were used: relative surface, contour length, absolute surface of nucleus and cytoplasm, absolute contour nucleus and cytoplasm density, shaped nucleus and cytoplasmic factor and nuclear-cytoplasmatic ratio of meta- myelocytes. Results Relative surface, contour length, absolute surface and contour density of nucleus and cytoplasm of metamyelocytes increased simultaneously with the degree of atrophic gastritis. Shaped nucleus and cytoplasmic factor and nuclear-cytoplasmatic ratio of metamyelocytes decreased in all examined groups in relation to the control group. Conclusion Not only are bone marrow erythroid elements scoped with megaloblastic changes but the changes on the level of leukocyte cells as well. The result of this is the phenomena of giant metamyelocytes.

scholarly journals Premedication with simethicone and N-acetylcysteine for improving mucosal visibility during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a Western population

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. E190-E194
Author(s):  
Guido Manfredi ◽  
Roberto Bertè ◽  
Elena Iiritano ◽  
Saverio Alicante ◽  
Claudio Londoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Western Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oral Preparation ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Mucolytic Agents

Abstract Background and study aim Pre-endoscopic use of a preparation with tensioactive and mucolytic agents improved gastric mucosa visualization in Eastern studies. Data on Western population are scanty. Patients and methods This prospective, endoscopist-blinded, randomized study enrolled patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy in a single center. Before endoscopy patients, were randomized to receive or not receive an oral preparation with simethicone and N-acetylcysteine in water. A pretested score (Crema Stomach Cleaning Score [CSCS]) for gastric mucosa cleaning evaluation was used. In detail, the stomach was divided into the antrum, body, and fundus and a score of 1 to 3 was assigned to each part (the higher the score, the better the preparation), and a total value ≤ 5 was considered as insufficient. Time between endoscope insertion and clean achievement (mouth to clean time) or the end of examination (mouth to mouth time) was recorded. Results A total of 197 patients were enrolled. The mean overall CSCS value and mucosal cleaning in all parts was better in treated patients than in controls. Prevalence total score ≤ 5 was significantly lower in patients treated before endoscopy. Need for water flush occurred less frequently in treated patients (P < 0.0001). The mouth to clean time was lower in the treated than in the control group (2.3 ± 1.6 vs 3.8 ± 1.6 min; P < 0.001), whereas no significant difference in mouth to mouth time emerged. Conclusions Data from this study show that premedication with simethicone and N-acetylcysteine results in significantly better endoscopic visualization of gastric mucosa, and the proposed CSCS could be useful for standardizing this evaluation.

Levels of Prothrombin Fragment F1+2 in Patients with Hyperhomocysteinemia and a History of Venous Thromboembolism

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (05) ◽  
pp. 1327-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Kyrle ◽  
Andreas Stümpflen ◽  
Mirko Hirschl ◽  
Christine Bialonczyk ◽  
Kurt Herkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prothrombin Fragment ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
System Activation ◽  
One Year

SummaryIncreased thrombin generation occurs in many individuals with inherited defects in the antithrombin or protein C anticoagulant pathways and is also seen in patients with thrombosis without a defined clotting abnormality. Hyperhomocysteinemia (H-HC) is an important risk factor of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We prospectively followed 48 patients with H-HC (median age 62 years, range 26-83; 18 males) and 183 patients (median age 50 years, range 18-85; 83 males) without H-HC for a period of up to one year. Prothrombin fragment Fl+2 (Fl+2) was determined in the patient’s plasma as a measure of thrombin generation during and at several time points after discontinuation of secondary thromboprophylaxis with oral anticoagulants. While on anticoagulants, patients with H-HC had significantly higher Fl+2 levels than patients without H-HC (mean 0.52 ± 0.49 nmol/1, median 0.4, range 0.2-2.8, versus 0.36 ± 0.2 nmol/1, median 0.3, range 0.1-2.1; p = 0.02). Three weeks and 3,6,9 and 12 months after discontinuation of oral anticoagulants, up to 20% of the patients with H-HC and 5 to 6% without H-HC had higher Fl+2 levels than a corresponding age- and sex-matched control group. 16% of the patients with H-HC and 4% of the patients without H-HC had either Fl+2 levels above the upper limit of normal controls at least at 2 occasions or (an) elevated Fl+2 level(s) followed by recurrent VTE. No statistical significant difference in the Fl+2 levels was seen between patients with and without H-HC. We conclude that a permanent hemostatic system activation is detectable in a proportion of patients with H-HC after discontinuation of oral anticoagulant therapy following VTE. Furthermore, secondary thromboprophylaxis with conventional doses of oral anticoagulants may not be sufficient to suppress hemostatic system activation in patients with H-HC.

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