scholarly journals CORRUPTION IN MEDICAL SPHERE OF UKRAINE: CURRENT SITUATION AND WAYS OF PREVENTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1814-1821
Author(s):  
Vladislava S. Batyrgareieva ◽  
Andriy M. Babenko ◽  
Sandra Kaija
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Military Service ◽  
State Level ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
The State ◽  
Positive Tendency

Introduction: All social life spheres in Ukraine are influenced by corruption. Ukrainian citizens were inquired in order to determine corruption rate in various social spheres. It was conditioned by reforming criminal justice and administrative management, which is directed, particularly, for liquidation of corruption in the state. Special emphasize is stressed on corruption rate in the medical sphere. The aim of the article is to determine: 1) population’s attitude towards to corruption, in particular, in the medical sphere; 2) the most corruptive social spheres; 3) efficiency of anti-corruption measures; 4) readiness of population to participate into struggle with corruption. Materials and methods: The study is grounded on dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic, sociological (special-purpose inquiry form, interview), statistic and comprehensive research methods. The study group consisted of 1 120 citizens and 513 medical and pharmaceutical professionals of Ukraine. Questions were related to: 1) citizens’ contact with corruption; 2) corruption expansion rate in state authorities, self-governing authorities, in various infrastructure spheres, particularly, in healthcare; 3) awareness about struggle with corruption in the state and in the region and determination of citizens’ readiness to cope with corruption. Results: Corruption contact level of citizens remains steadily high. Corruption in the medical sphere is the most widespread: during the previous year before the inquire 63% respondents were involved into corruptive schemes. Corruption in the medical sphere can be subdivided in the following levels: from patient to doctor; inside the hospital – from a healthcare institution employee to the executive hospital staff; on state level concerning state procurements of medications. A bribe to health care professionals was given for: receipt of a sick leave certificate and various references (for example, about unfitness for military service, fitness for driving a car or fulfillment of particular works); high-quality conduct of an operation, medical servicing rendering; writing out a “necessary” prescription; approval or hiding of any bodily injuries; falsification of a true cause of death. All health care professionals have come across different corruptive practices, among which the following payments are widespread: for employment in a hospital, license for private medical practice or establishment of private clinics, “avoidance” of checks of healthcare institutions’ activity. The largest bribes are given state officials for participation in tenders for medical drugs supply by pharmaceutical companies. All health care professionals have come across different corruptive practices, among which the following payments are widespread: for employment in a hospital, license for private medical practice or establishment of private clinics, “avoidance” of checks of healthcare institutions’ activity. Conclusion: Corruption on the sphere of medical practice is complex phenomenon. The conducted poll made it possible to structure the corruption problem, to see its various levels and levels. In respondents’ opinion, a scrupulous information campaign is a positive tendency: 45% consider this is a guarantee of anticorruption. Nevertheless, only 5% respondents assume personal notification of anticorruption bodies about receipt of a bribe by medical staff.

Webster and the Fundamental Right to Make Medical Decisions

1989 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
David Orentlicher
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Decisions ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Roe V Wade

The interest of the eight major organizations of health care professionals was not in debating the philosophical, ethical, moral or religious issues surrounding abortion. The members of the organizations differ on how to balance the woman's privacy right against the state's interests in maternal and fetal health, and in particular about whether the state has a compelling interest in fetal health before viability. Given the diversity of views, the brief neither endorsed nor opposed the Supreme Court's holding in Roe v. Wade that the state's interest in fetal health becomes compelling at viability.

The Globalization of Health Law: The Case of Permissibility of Placebo-based Research

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Timothy S. Jost
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Internet Pharmacies ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global Communications ◽  
National Borders

If any trend can be confidently predicted for the next millennium (or, more modestly, for our lifetimes) it is the globalization of health law. We live in an age of global markets and global communications. While care of the individual patient has remained largely local, national borders are quite porous to health care professionals. The cross-border flow of patients is a significant factor in some regions, and the development of telemedicine and internet pharmacies is radically expanding the possibility of cross-border medical practice.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic impact on dentists in Latin America’s epicenter: São-Paulo, Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256092
Author(s):  
Tatiane Fernandes Novaes ◽  
Maisa Camillo Jordão ◽  
Carlos Felipe Bonacina ◽  
André Oswaldo Veronezi ◽  
Carlos Ariel Rodrigues de Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The state of São Paulo, Brazil, where more than 94.000 dentists are currently registered, has become the epicenter of COVID-19 in Latin America. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on dentists in this state. A semi-structured questionnaire was sent via e-mail to 93.280 dentists with active registration in the Dental Council of São Paulo (CROSP). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic was assessed through questions related to demographic, socioeconomic, dental practice characteristics and personal protective equipment (PPE) use. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between all the variables (p<0.05). Over 8 days, 2113 responses were received. Only 26.52% of the sample reported a low-income reduction (from 0–10%), while the majority of dentists reported a more negative financial impact, 35.6% with a reduction of more than 50% of their monthly income. Dentists who worked in the private sector and at the capital had a greater financial impact when compared to those of the public sector and countryside of the state (p<0.05). Furthermore, about 83% reported not having received any specific training to control the transmission of coronavirus in the health area. This study provides evidence of the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the routine of dentists in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Hopefully, this study will help dental and other health care professionals to better understand the consequences of disease in dental settings and strengthen preparedness throughout the dental health care system.

Stratification and “Universality”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany D. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
State Level ◽  
Universal Health Care System ◽  
Documentation Status ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Universal Health ◽  
Care System

Tiffany D. Joseph’s chapter examines how stratification of access by immigration status effectively undermined a “universal” health policy. While the ACA only extended coverage to U.S. citizens and eligible documented immigrants, Massachusetts pursued a universal health care system at the state level and offered coverage to all residents, regardless of documentation status. Despite this policy that aimed for inclusion, immigrants in Massachusetts were still more likely than non-immigrants to remain uninsured. Joseph interviewed Brazilian and Dominican immigrants, health care professionals, and immigrant/health organization employees to find out why immigrants remained uninsured. She identified immigration-related, health care system, and bureaucratic barriers that prevented individuals from effectively accessing care. Massachusetts serves as both a model and a cautionary tale for ACA implementation, with barriers exacerbated for immigrant, low-income, and minority populations.

Law, Morality, and Health Care Professionals: A Multilevel Framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-135
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Chiarello
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Multilevel Approach ◽  
Health Care Work ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
Movement Mobilization ◽  
The Relationship

Socio-legal scholars have long been interested in the relationship between law and morality. This article uses a multilevel approach to understanding this relationship by focusing on health care professionals, key actors in an institution that covers broad swaths of social life and that serves as a key site of moral meaning making and practice. I demonstrate how morality and law interface differently at three levels: through daily social interaction, during which providers assess patients’ deservingness while patients attempt to present themselves as morally worthy; through organizational structures and processes that establish legalistic rules and bring diverse workers into shared space; and through field-level legal and moral infrastructures that shape frontline decision making and that change due to social movement mobilization. The article concludes by describing the benefits of a multilevel approach to examining the interplay between law, morality, and health care work and suggesting strategies for theoretically investigating these relationships more completely.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B vaccine - proposal for a standardized assessment of immune response

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lucia G. Ferraz ◽  
Antonio Eduardo Silva ◽  
Marico Yamamoto ◽  
Rubens Xavier Guimaråes
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Vaccination Programme ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine

The authors developed a comparative study of the various methods of assessment of immune response to Hepatitis B vaccine. Eighty-six health care professionals underwent a vaccination programme with three doses of plasma-derived vaccine against Hepatitis B (H-B-Vax, Merck, Sharp & Dohme) given intra-muscularly. Assessment of immune response was carried out three months after the end of the programme, by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzymeimmunoassay (EIA). The results showed that the semi-quantitative assessment of Anti-HBs antibodies by RIA or EIA was perfectly comparable to the reference method (quantitative determination of antibodies by RIA). In view of these findings, the authors suggest a standardization of assessment of immune response to the vaccine, thus permitting correct planning of booster doses and easier comparison between different studies

scholarly journals Training of Ultrasound in Neonatology: Global or Local?

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Training Opportunities

ABSTRACT From the beginning of its use in neonatology, ultrasound is used more frequently and for many indications. Number of indications is increasing from year to year, while the training opportunities and curricula are not following the same trend. Nowadays ultrasound has been used for determination of functional hemodynamics in critically sick neonates which increases educational burden on the young neonatologists. This only applies to the developed countries where neonatology is well developed, while in low income so called developing countries some basic health problems of neonates have not been solved and there is substantial lack of health care professionals and equipment as well. How to cite this article Stanojevic M. Training of Ultrasound in Neonatology: Global or Local? Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(3):338-345.

scholarly journals Tanggung Gugat Resiko Dalam Aspek Hukum Kesehatan

SASI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Arman Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Health Law ◽  
The Republic

Health is a fundamental need for every human being in his life and to meet these needs the role of doctors and health workers is very important. Doctors and Health care in providing health services to the community is always required in order to provide the best service. So with the Hospital. However, the health services provided may result in two different possibilities of the patient being cured or even worsening the disease until death. If the patient recovers it will flow millions of praise and abundant various forms of appreciation that he receives but if that happens is the opposite then in certain conditions where the patient feels aggrieved can culminate until the lawsuit to court. In medical practice, doctors do not work alone but are also often assisted by other health workers. Likewise Hospital as a corporation employs doctors and health workers to provide health services to the community. If in the event of any medical treatment from medical personnel to medical personnel and/or Hospital to the physician and at risk of mistake or negligence in the health service, then the loss suffered by the patient may result in risks (risico aanspraklijkheid) based on Article 1367 paragraph (3) BW. In the context of health law regulated in Article 65 of Law Number 36 Year 2014 on Health Personnel, and Article 35 Paragraph 6 of Law Number 38 Year 2014 on Nursing and Article 23 Paragraph (3) point c Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2052 / Menkes / Per / X / 2011 About Practice License and Implementation of Medical Practice as well as Article 46 Act Number 44 of 2009 About Hospital that is Hospital is legally responsible for all the losses caused by negligence made by health personnel in the Hospital. Efforts to prevent it internally need to agree on the rights and obligations of each party in a specified standard of conduct that is proportionally regulated and based on equitability values, either in the form of Hospital by Law as well as the prevailing rules binding on all staff within a hospital staff (Medical staff by law).

Changing health care delivery system and certification at the state level

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Wagner ◽  
Cecil P. Peck ◽  
Bernard Borislow ◽  
Henry D. Remple ◽  
Allen V. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Health Care Delivery ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
State Level ◽  
Health Care Delivery System ◽  
The State

Patient involvement in clinical ethics services: from access to participation and membership

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Neitzke
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Clinical Ethics ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Patient Involvement ◽  
Ethics Consultation ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Case Consultation ◽  
The Right

Ethics consultation is a novel paradigm in European health-care institutions. In this paper, patient involvement in all clinical ethics activities is scrutinized. It is argued that patients should have access to case consultation services via clearly defined access paths. However, the right of both health-care professionals and patients indicates that patients should not always be notified of a consultation. Ethics education, another well-established function of an ethics committee, should equally be available for patients, lay people and hospital staff. Beyond access and utilization, lay membership on a clinical ethics service is a matter of transparency, equal participation, empowerment and democratization. Lay and patient perspectives will contribute to the quality of ethics services on all levels from case consultations to ethics education and policy development.

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