scholarly journals TREATMENT OF LACTASE DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREN’S OBESITY WITH GENOTYPE C/C 13910 OF LACTASE GENE

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Alexandr Ye. Abaturov ◽  
Yuri M. Stepanov ◽  
Anna A. Nikulina
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Lactase Deficiency ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Lactose Maldigestion ◽  
Group I ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Genotype C ◽  
Lactase Gene

Introduction: Excess lactose in the diet of modern man causes the development of not only lactase deficiency, but it can be a factor that contributes to obesity. The aim: To study associations between obesity and genotype C/C 13910 of lactase gene (LCT) in children, to investigate the effectiveness of treatment using drug exogenous lactase and a low-lactose diet. Materials and methods: genotyping of lactase gene by real-time polymerase chain reaction, determining the level of lactose maldigestion by hydrogen breath test (HBT), estimating the insulin resistance with the HOMA-IR index in 70 obese children and 40 healthy children 6 - 18 years. Obese children with genotype C/C 13910 and lactose maldigestion (n=40) were randomized in two groups: children from group I (n=20) received an exogenous lactase preparation, and children from group II (n=20) - low-lactose diet. Results: in obese children, the genotype C/C 13910 is 2 times more often than in healthy children. Obese children with genotype C/C 13910 have a significantly higher value of HBT (32.8–39.8 ppm) compared to healthy children (p<0.05), and an increased value of the HOMA-IR index. After treatment, there was a significant decrease in HBT and the HOMA-IR index in the two comparison groups. Conclusions: signs of insulin resistance are observed in children with obesity, genotype C/C 13910 and lactose maldigestion. The use of exogenous lactase in the therapy or the administration of a low-lactose diet cause approximately the same decrease in the HOMA-IR index.

scholarly journals Study of Markers for Assessment of Insulin Resistance in Obese Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Sarah Ibrahim El Shall ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Hassan ◽  
Wesam Salah Mohamed ◽  
Mona Hasan Hafez ◽  
Adel Ali Erfan
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Group I

Background: Valid and reliable methods are essential to assess the presence and the extent of insulin resistance, the associated risk factors and the effect of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. The aim of this work was to evaluate Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) for assessment of insulin resistance among obese children and adolescents. Methods: This case control study included 40 children and adolescent with ages of 6 to 16 years who were classified into: Group I: 20 obese children and adolescents (body mass index (BMI) > 95th percentile on Egyptian growth curves and Group II: 20 healthy children as a control group of matched age and sex to group 1 and who had normal BMI. All subjects underwent 1) Thorough history taking 2) Full clinical examination 3) Laboratory investigations: Fasting blood glucose, Fasting serum insulin level, HOMA-IR, HbA1c.and OGTT. Results: There is no significant statistical difference as regard age, height, sex and puberty staging in both groups. The mean for weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist/hip ratio and acanthosis nigricans were found to be significantly higher in patient group. FBG, fasting serum insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in patient group than in control group (p <0.001). HOMA-IR was significantly correlated with HbA1c and OGTT in obese patients (p<0.001*). Conclusions: HOMA-IR can be used in assessment of insulin resistance among obese children and adolescents.

Relation of insulin resistance to neurocognitive function and electroencephalography in obese children

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Akın ◽  
İbrahim Eker ◽  
Mutluay Arslan ◽  
Süleyman Tolga Yavuz ◽  
Sevil Akman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground:Childhood obesity may lead to neuronal impairment in both the peripheral and the central nervous system. This study aimed to investigate the impact of obesity and insulin resistance (IR) on the central nervous system and neurocognitive functions in children.Methods:Seventy-three obese children (38 male and 35 female) and 42 healthy children (21 male and 21 female) were recruited. Standard biochemical indices and IR were evaluated. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and electroencephalography (EEG) were administered to all participants. The obese participants were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of IR, and the data were compared between the subgroups.Results:Only verbal scores on the WISC-R in the IR+ group were significantly lower than those of the control and IR– groups. There were no differences between the groups with respect to other parameters of the WISC-R or the EEG. Verbal scores of the WISC-R were negatively correlated with obesity duration and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values. EEGs showed significantly more frequent ‘slowing during hyperventilation’ (SDHs) in obese children than non-obese children.Conclusions:Neurocognitive functions, particularly verbal abilities, were impaired in obese children with IR. An early examination of cognitive functions may help identify and correct such abnormalities in obese children.

scholarly journals Acylated and nonacylated ghrelin levels and their associations with insulin resistance in obese and normal weight children with metabolic syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 161 (6) ◽  
pp. 861-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Pacifico ◽  
Eleonora Poggiogalle ◽  
Francesco Costantino ◽  
Caterina Anania ◽  
Flavia Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundGhrelin, a peptide mainly derived from the stomach, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of food intake, energy metabolism, and storage, as well as in insulin sensitivity. Ghrelin circulates in acylated (A-Ghr) and nonacylated (NA-Ghr) forms, and their potential differential associations with insulin resistance (IR) in childhood obesity remain undefined.ObjectiveWe investigated the associations of ghrelin forms with IR in normal weight and obese children and the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) on their plasma values.DesignA total of 210 children in four subgroups of normal weight/obese children with and without components of MS were studied. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, lipid profile, and acylated and total ghrelin were examined. IR was determined by a homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of IR.ResultsIn the entire population, plasma insulin and HOMA-IR were associated negatively with T-Ghr and NA-Ghr, but positively with the ratio of A/NA-Ghr after adjustment for age, gender, and Tanner stage. Obese metabolically abnormal children had lower T-Ghr and NA-Ghr, but comparable A-Ghr and a higher A/NA-Ghr ratio than obese metabolically normal subjects. Compared with lean healthy children, lean metabolically abnormal subjects had higher A-Ghr and the A/NA-Ghr ratio, but comparable T-Ghr and NA-Ghr. A multiple regression analysis showed that A-Ghr and the A/NA-Ghr ratios were positively associated with HOMA-IR, independent of age, gender, Tanner stage, and body mass index (or waist circumference) and other components of MS.ConclusionsA-Ghr excess may negatively modulate insulin action in obese and nonobese children, and may contribute to the association of IR and MS.

scholarly journals Expression of galectin 9 mRNA in lactose maldigestion and children’s obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Abaturov ◽  
Anna Nikulina
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Lactose Maldigestion ◽  
Breath Testing ◽  
Average Expression Level ◽  
Genotype C ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Lactase Gene

OBJECTIVES AND STUDY: To investigate the association of mRNA expression of galectin - 9 (Gal - 9) and lactose maldigestion in children’s obesity with different genotypes of the lactase gene (LCT).METHODS: The study involved 85 children with obesity (BMI>97th percentile) aged 6-18 years. The study defined genotypes of LCT (material for investigation - venous blood), included expression of Gal - 9 mRNA (material for investigation - buccal epithelium) by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and utilized the study of lactose maldigestion by Hydrogen breath testing. The first group of observations was presented by 44 children with genotype C/C -13910, the second group consisted of 41 children with phenotypically identical genotypes C/T -13910 and T/T -13910, p>0.05.RESULTS: Lactose maldigestion in children with genotype C/C -13910 averaged 36.05±4.73 ppm, in children with genotypes C/T -13910 - 22.61±4.1 ppm (p<0.05) and with genotype T/T -13910 - was absent (p<0.05). The average expression level of Gal - 9 mRNA in children with genotype C/C -13910 was 564.6±35.8 relation units (RU) ∆mRNA Gal - 9/mRNA actin and was 61.02±15.8 RU ∆mRNA Gal - 9/mRNA actin, p<0.01 in children with genotypes C/T and T/T -13910. The lowest mean level of expression of Gal - 9 mRNA (42.47±13.4 RU ∆mRNA Gal - 9/mRNA actin) was recorded in the subgroup of children with genotype C/C -13910 and lactose maldigestion (n=22). Whereas the largest mean level of expression of Gal - 9 mRNA was recorded in the subgroup of children with the C/C -13910 and without lactose maldigestion (n=22) - 1086.73±51.2 relation units ∆mRNA Gal - 9/mRNA actin, p<0.01.CONCLUSION: The expression level of Gal - 9 mRNA depends on lactose maldigestion in children with genotype C/C -13910

Serum omentin-1 levels in obese children

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senay Zengi ◽  
Oguzhan Zengi ◽  
Aysegul Kirankaya ◽  
Suat Hayri Kucuk ◽  
Emine Erdogan Kutanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Obese Children

Abstract Background Obesity is an important cause of morbidity, and it has an increasing frequency in childhood. Studies have reported that 33% of adults and 20–27% of children and adolescents are obese. Recently, it has been shown that the prevalence of obesity in the childhood group is higher than the past years. Omentin-1 is an adipokine which is synthesized from the visceral fat tissue but not synthesized in the subcutaneous fat tissue. Omentin-1 has been shown to increase insulin-mediated glucose uptake, especially in the adipose tissue. Studies have shown that plasma omentin-1 levels, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, are significantly lowered in obese, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and omentin-1 levels in children. Methods The study included obese children with a body mass index (BMI) greater than the 95th percentile and healthy children with a BMI lower than the 85th percentile. Obese and healthy individuals had similar age and sex distributions. Glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, thyroid panels and metabolic markers were evaluated. Results The levels of omentin-1 in obese children were significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05). Results of Spearman’s correlation analysis for all participants showed that omentin-1 levels were negatively related with triglycerides, total cholesterol, serum free thyroxine (FT4), insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body weight, waist circumference (WC) and BMI percentile values. Conclusions Our findings indicate that serum omentin-1 levels are lower in obese children than in non-obese individuals. Omentin-1 can be used as a metabolic biomarker in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Genotype C/C 13910 of the Lactase Gene as a Risk Factor for the Formation of Insulin-Resistant Obesity in Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Abaturov ◽  
Anna Nikulina
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Process ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
New Genotype ◽  
Genotype C ◽  
Lactase Gene ◽  
Obesity In Children

Introduction: To reduce the risk of insulin resistance in obesity in children with lactase gene genotypes, we studied the factors that stimulate the chronic inflammatory process. Material and methods: 109 children 6–18 years of age were investigated. The main group (n = 56) was presented by children with signs of insulin-resistant obesity according to the criteria of the European Society of Endocrinology and the Pediatric Endocrine Society. The control group (n = 53) included obese children without insulin resistance. A comprehensive clinical examination, food diary analysis, genotyping of the lactase gene by means of the polymerase chain reaction, the Immunochemical Test Method with Electrochemiluminescent Detection of basal insulinemia, Hydrogen breath test with lactose load, sequential analysis, ROC analysis were carried out. Results: Clinical manifestations of lactose maldigestion in a child increased the risk of possible insulin resistance (prognostic coefficient (PC +2.6), as well as the presence of the lactase C/C 13910 gene genotype (PC +5.8) did. The genotype C/T 13910 in children had a protective effect on the risk of obesity (PC −2.9). The lowest risk of insulin-resistant obesity in observed among children with the genotype T/T 13910 (PC −12). Conclusion: The presence of the C/C 13910 genotype of the lactase gene is the main factor formation of insulin resistance in children’s obesity. What is known? The genotype C/C 13910 of the lactase gene as a risk factor for the chronic inflammatory process in the body. What is New? Genotype C/C 13910 of the lactase gene as a risk factor for insulin-resistant obesity in children.

NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES LEVEL AND THE STATUS OF THE RENIN – ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A. M. Mambetova ◽  
A. M. Inarokova ◽  
N. N. Shabalova ◽  
D. V. Bizheva ◽  
A. T. Mahiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽  
Natriuretic Hormone ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sick Children

THE AIM. To determine the concentration of natriuretic peptide in the blood serum in children with congenital malformations of the urinary system (CM US) and to compare with the activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).MATERIALS AND METHODS.119 patients with CM US aged 3 to 18 years were examined. A control group of 10 clinically healthy children. 3 groups were assigned: group I – 55 children with  congenital vesicoureteral reflux, and group II – 34 children with  congenital hydronephrosis and ureterohydronephrosis, III group – 30 children with other forms of dysembryogenesis of the US. Following indicators were identified by ELISA in the blood: renin, aldosterone,  N – terminal propeptide natriuretic hormone (NT-рroВNР). RESULTS.NT-рroВNР, renin and aldosterone hyperproduction were diagnosed in 59,6%, 69,7%, 54.6 % of sick children relatively. Concentrations were higher in all variants of  malformations in comparison with the control group. Significant  differences were revealed in obstructive species, where arterial  hypertension (AH) was diagnosed more often. Patients with AH  recorded significantly higher concentrations of NT-proВNР and renin.CONCLUSION.The key point in pathological processes developmentand progression in the cardiovascular system and kidneys is the  activation of RAAS. The system of natriuretic factors is important in maintaining the compensated state of patients due to the blockade of RAAS.

scholarly journals Association between rs1421085 and rs9939609 Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene with High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triglyceride in Obese Turkish Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal Inandiklioğlu ◽  
Adem Yaşar
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Turkish Children

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that rs9939609 and rs1421085 in fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene rs17782313 and rs12970134 in melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene influence obesity. In the present study, we aimed to determine association between rs9939609, rs1421085, rs17782313, and rs12970134 polymorphism, and their relation with body mass index (BMI), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and lipid values in obese children. We included 100 newly diagnosed obese children and 100 healthy children. The rs1421085 (CC/CT) (p = 0.019) and rs9939609 (AA/AT) (p = 0.002) polymorphism regions were higher in the obese group. Additionally, we found that both the rs1421085 (CC/CT) and rs9939609 (AA/AT) polymorphism associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.011 and p = 0.003) and triglycerides (p = 0.01 and p = 0.004) level, respectively. Further, the rs9939609 and rs1421085 variants of FTO gene associated with HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides levels in obese children; however, updated studies with a large sample size are required to establish strong links with genetic variants and risk factors in childhood obesity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document