Modification of Patients’ Sensitivity to Galvanic Current After the Administered Systemic Cryotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Joanna Łuczak ◽  
Joanna Klonowska ◽  
Joanna Michalik
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Galvanic Current ◽  
Test Position ◽  
The Right

Aim: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity of patients to galvanic current after systemic cryotherapy. Material and Methods: Study group: 77 physiotherapists – hospital employees, aged 21-64 (AVG 29.4±9.5). The sensitivity was evaluated four times: before and immediately after the systemic cryotherapy procedure (1 session, 2 minutes, temperature -120°C), after exercising on a vertical cycle ergometer (20 minutes) and 4 hours after the procedure. The intensity of the galvanic current, which caused a slight tingling, was recorded. Two electrode placements were used: longitudinal on the upper limbs and transverse over the knee joints. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that the mean sensitivity to the galvanic current measured on both upper limbs or over the knee joints increases statistically significantly after systemic cryotherapy treatments. This effect persists even after 4 hours (Friedman’s ANOVA, p<0.001). Statistically significant increases in sensitivity to galvanic current were found compared to initial values for each pair of measurements, irrespective of electrode placement and test position (Wilcoxon test, p<0.01). The increase in sensitivity according to the measuring position concerned 68.8; 63.6; 72.7% of the participants on the left upper limb, on the right 61.0; 68.8; 74.0%, over the left knee joint 61.0; 68.8; 72.7% and over the right 58.4, 75.3 and 80.5% of the subjects in the study group. Conclusions: 1. After the administered systemic cryotherapy, sensitivity to galvanic current increases in most patients. 2. The increase in sensitivity to galvanic current depends on the time difference between treatments and is individually variable.

scholarly journals Dose-dependent effect of betamethasone on the articular cartilage (experimental study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
A.N. Nuriakhmetov ◽  
◽  
I.F. Akhtiamov ◽  
D.E. Tsyplakov ◽  
A.M. Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rabbit Knee ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Dose Dependent Effect

Introduction Glucocorticosteroid injections have been widely used in clinical practice. Betamethasone is one of the agents of this group of drugs. Its efficacy and therapeutic effect with intra-articular administration are undeniable. There are special instructions on the dosage and frequency of use of the drug but unfortunately there are cases of its wrong administration. There is also an evidence of an adverse effect on cartilage both of the drug itself and its combination with local anesthetics. Aim Evaluation of the results of different weekly intra-articular protocols of betamethasone administration on histological preparations of rabbit knee joints. Methods Histological preparations of the right knee joints of three groups of rabbits were studied: after one, three, and six administrations of betamethason per week and the control intact left knee joints. Results Histological preparations of the control group and the group with a single weekly administration of the drug did not have any changes in the structure of diarthrosis. Dystrophic and necrotic changes affecting all morphological components were observed in the joints of animals that received intra-articular injections of betamethason three times a week (compared to a single injection, the area of dystrophy and necrosis of the cartilage was greater by 10.05 ± 0.75 % (p < 0.05), of subchondral bone by 8.11 ± 0.5 % (p < 0.001), and of synovium by 6.25 ± 0.32 % (p < 0.05). The group with six injections of the drug per week had the most pronounced changes. The area of necrotic changes of the cartilage was greater by 6.39 ± 0.75 % than in the group with three injections per week (p < 0.001), of subchondral bone by 11.18 ± 0.5 % (p < 0.001), of synovium by 6.12 ± 0.32 % (p < 0.001). Discussion Inflammatory cell infiltration of joint structures was absent in all cases. It indicates an aseptic nature of tissue necrosis. Evidence has been obtained between the increase in the frequency of intra-articular injections of betamethasone and the severity of dystrophic and necrotic changes in all morphological components of the joint.

scholarly journals Radiological Assessment of Femoral Bicondylar Angle among Persons Attending a Tertiary Health Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Allin Pradhan ◽  
CP Lama ◽  
S Dhungel ◽  
SK Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Radiological Assessment ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

 Femoral bicondylar angle is the angle between an axis through the shaft of the femur and a line perpendicular to the infracondylar plane. This study aims to assess femoral bicondylar angle measured from radiograph of femur and knee joints obtained from teaching hospitals in Kathmandu Nepal. Total of two hundred AP view radiograph of knee joint were collected, out of which, 50 each were of male right and left knee joint and 50 each were of female right and left knee joint. The mean angle for the right male femur was 7.86° with the range of 5°-10° and mean angle for the right female femur was 8.82° with the range of 6°-11°. On the left side, bicondylar angle ranged in male from 6° -10° with the average of 7.46° and in female range was 6°-11° and average was 8.66°. The bicondylar angle was higher in female on both the side, the difference was statistically significant on the left side (P=0.004) and significant on the right side (P=0.001). The finding of the study showed the femoral bicondylar angles were greater in right femur than left femur in both sexes. The difference in the bicondylar angle between the right and left femur was statistically insignificant in both sexes. (male p=0.144, female p=0.541). The result from this study has shown that femoral bicondylar angles were generally greater amongst the females as compared to the males; greater in right femur than left femur in both sexes.

Changes in peptidergic fiber density in the synovium of mice with collagenase-induced acute arthritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Murakami ◽  
Hiroshi Nakagawa ◽  
Kazuhiko Nishimura ◽  
Saburo Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Tissue ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Fiber Density ◽  
Pgp 9.5 ◽  
Protein Gene Product ◽  
Collagenase Injection ◽  
The Right

The effect of acute osteoarthritis (OA) on peripheral nerve fibers (NFs) in synovial tissue, and their association with histological changes were investigated in collagenase-induced OA mice. Collagenase (10 U in 5 μL saline) was injected into the right knee, and the same volume of saline was injected into the left knee as the control. Mice were sacrificed 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after the collagenase injection. Histopathological changes in the knee joints were evaluated. The numbers of protein gene product (PGP) 9.5-, calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP)-, and substance P (SP)-positive NFs in the synovial tissue were determined, and their densities in the tissue were calculated. The densities of PGP 9.5- and CGRP-positive NFs in the synovium were drastically decreased 1 week after the collagenase injection. However, by week 4, the density of PGP 9.5- and CGRP-positive NFs had recovered to 84% and 79% of their normal levels, respectively. Despite the poor correlation between the synovitis score and the density of CGRP- or SP-positive NFs in the synovium, the ossification rate of chondrophytes in chondro/osteophyte lesions correlated strongly with the density of CGRP-positive NFs (R = 0.855). These results suggest that the ossification of chondrophytes occurred in parallel with the increase in CGRP-positive fiber density in the synovium during the acute phase of collagenase-induced OA.

scholarly journals The effect of a 6-week land and resistance training of 13-16 years old swimmers groups to lower limb isokinetic strength values and to swimming performance13-16 yaş grubu yüzücülerde 6 haftalık kara ve direnç antrenmanlarının alt ekstremite izokinetik kuvvet performansına ve yüzme derecelerine etkisi

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 5269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Yapıcı ◽  
Barış Maden ◽  
Gülin Fındıkoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Right

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a 6-week land and resistance training of 13-16 year old swimmers groups to lower limb isokinetic strength values and to swimming performance. 22 swimmers participated in this study. The subjects were divided into three groups (A-B-C) according to their 50m swimming degrees. 25m underwater,25m,50m,75m and 100m freestyle swimming degrees of swimmers were recorded. As isokinetic measurements was applied at 60°/s,180°/s and 240°/s speed and the right and left knee. Kruskal-Wallis is used the differences between groups, the Mann-Whitney U test is used for which group the difference is caused and group differences were analyzed with the Wilcoxon test. Statistically significant difference was found between pre-test and post-test of 25m underwater,25m,50m,75m and 100m freestyle swimming values (p<0.05). In all groups, at 60°/s,180°/s,240°/s, for the right and left knee flexors and extensor, and freestyle swimming degrees positive development is observed. After 6-weeks training, isokinetic strength and swimming degrees of the group C increased 9.25%, whereas B has increased 8.35%. The pre-test and post-test results in 25m underwater,25m,50m,75m and 100m freestyle swimming values were statistically significant between the groups (p<0.05). In this study, it is possible to say that the land and resistance training can make a significant contribution to the performance of the force in this age group swimmer. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı; 13-16 yaş grubu yüzücülerde 6 haftalık kara ve direnç antrenmanlarının alt ekstremite izokinetik kuvvet değerlerine ve yüzme performansına etkisini araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 22 yüzücü katılmıştır. Denekler 50m yüzme derecelerine göre üç gruba (A-B-C) ayrılmıştır. Yüzücülerin 25m sualtı, 25m, 50m, 75m ve 100m serbest stildeki yüzme dereceleri kayıt edilmiştir. İzokinetik ölçümler 60°/s, 180°/s ve 240°/s hızda sağ ve sol diz için uygulanmıştır. Gruplar arası farka Kruskal Wallis, farkın hangi gruptan kaynaklandığına Mann Whitney U testi, grup içi farklara ise Wilcoxon testi ile bakılmıştır. Ön test ve son test 25m sualtı, 25m, 50m, 75m ve 100m serbest yüzme değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Tüm grupların, 60º/s, 180º/s ve 240º/s hızda sağ ve sol diz için fleksör ve ektensörlerin tepe tork değerlerinde ve serbest yüzme derecelerinde sayısal olarak pozitif bir gelişim görülmüştür. 6 haftalık antrenman sonunda, C grubunun izokinetik kuvvet ve yüzme derecelerindeki artış (%9.25) iken, B grubunda bu değer (%8.35) çıkmıştır. Yapılan istatistiksel analiz sonucu ön test ve son test 25m sualtı, 25m, 50m, 75m ve 100m serbest yüzme değerlerinde gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Bu çalışmada, bu yaş grubu yüzücülerde yapılan kara ve direnç antrenmanlarının kuvvet performansına önemli bir katkı sağlayabileceği söylenebilir.

Concomitant Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation with Osteochondral Grafting for Treatment of a Massive Osteochondral Defect in the Bilateral Knees of a Child

Medicina ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimtautas Gudas ◽  
Rasa Simonaitytė ◽  
Emilis Čekanauskas ◽  
Tomas Mickevičius
Keyword(s):  
Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation ◽  
Osteochondral Defect ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chondrocyte Implantation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Osteochondral Grafting ◽  
Autologous Chondrocyte

We report the case of a 15-year-old patient who underwent concomitant autologous chondrocyte implantation and osteochondral grafting for the treatment of a massive osteochondritis dissecans defect in the left knee and autologous chondrocyte implantation in the right knee joint. Magnetic resonance imaging showed large osteochondral defects in both the knee joints measuring 8–9 cm2. Both defects were located in the weight-bearing areas of the medial femoral condyles. Therefore, simultaneous autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) and osteochondral autograft transplantation (OAT) for the left knee defect and ACI for the right knee joint were performed. Osteochondral plugs were harvested from the patellofemoral joint of the same left knee and grafted into the most dorsal regions of the large osteochondral defect of the left knee. The remaining osteochondral defect was covered with ACI using collagen type I and III membrane and chondrocyte cells. The membrane was implanted into more proximal part of the osteochondral defect of the left knee. Time interval between operations of the left and right knee joints was 6 months. Magnetic resonance imaging at 6 months after each knee surgery showed good preservation of the OAT and ACI grafts. The most recent follow-up examination, performed 12 months after surgeries, has shown excellent results with an International Knee Documentation Committee score of 95.59±4.64 and 96.88±4.69 for the right and left knee joints, respectively, and full range of knee motions with no symptoms. In this clinical case, the combination of ACI and OAT methods in a one-step procedure produced a good reconstruction of the joint surface with excellent clinical outcomes in the both knee joints of the same patient. Autologous osteochondral grafting and autologous chondrocyte implantation can be combined for the treatment of large osteochondral defects of the knee.

Phormium tenax—a proving

1980 ◽  
Vol 69 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
E.G. McIvor
Keyword(s):  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Special Effects ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Fine Weather ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sharp Needle

SummaryThough numerous symptoms were experienced, as detailed above, four special effects were particularly noted throughout the proving.1. With the exception of the left hand and left knee, all sensations were mainly confined to the right side—right hand, right wrist, right forearm, right elbow, right knee, right ankle, right side of pelvis, right side of the abdomen. Phormium tenax appears to be a right-sided remedy, with the exceptions that both knees were involved equally and the symptoms of the left fingers were worse than those of the right fingers.2. Despite the physical symptoms, there was a strong feeling of well-being. Sleep was deep, refreshing, and undisturbed. The day's work was accomplished with less fatigue. The symptoms were > mentally, < physically.3. Phormium tenax is a rheumatic remedy, mainly a remedy suitable for joint afflictions. The sensations of puffiness of the joints, weakness in the joints, and the symptom < on pressure suggest inflammation of the synovial linings of the joints. This remedy would appear to suit rheumatoid arthritis in preference to osteo-arthritis.The pains were mainly drawing, stitching pains. On pressure the joints also felt bruised and sore with some aching. There were also sharp needle like pains, and some twitching of the muscles. All pains were < cold, dry, fine weather, > warm wet weather, < 4 a.m. to 11 a.m., < resting in bed or sitting, i.e. < resting, > continued motion. Sometimes < movement to begin with, though ultimately always > with motion. < pressure. e.g. applied pressure on standing (pressure from weight of body).The primary effects were on the fingers of both hands, especially the left hand, the right wrist, right ankle and right heel, and both knee joints. Involvement of the right elbow was also noted to a lesser degree.4. Phormium tenax appears to be a strong diuretic. Urine output was markedly increased. The urine was dark yellow or greenish-yellow and had a strong through normal odour. It appeared to be very much more concentrated than usual.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL OF EXPERIMENTAL USE OF RATS TO STUDY THE CHONDROPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF MEDICAL PRODUCTS FROM HUMAN BLOOD

2018 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
V. I. Nikolayev ◽  
D. A. Zinovkin ◽  
A. A. Tretyakov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Human Blood Serum ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Experimental Use

Objective: to study the effect of human blood serum on the structure of the synovial environment of the rat`s joint. Material and methods. The experiment was performed on three groups of white laboratory rats, 12 in each group. All the animals were given injections of human blood serum into the left knee joint, and 0.9% NaCl into the right one (control). The animals of the first group were withdrawn from the experience one week after intra-articular injections, the second and third groups - also a week later, after two and three injections, respectively, the interval between the injections was one week. The histological examination of the knee joints of the rats was made according to the generally accepted procedure. Results. No pathological tissue reactions to the introduction of human blood serum into the joints of the rats have been detected. Conclusion. The obtained data indicate that blood serum has a pronounced regenerative potential in relation to cartilage tissue.

GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN CHANGES IN REGENERATIVE MENISCI OF THE IMMATURE RABBITS — HISTOLOGICAL AND SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC QUANTITATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 1450008
Author(s):  
Myung-Sang Moon ◽  
Sung-Soo Kim ◽  
In-Taek Chu ◽  
Sung Sim Kim
Keyword(s):  
Staining Method ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Photon Absorptiometry ◽  
Medial Meniscectomy ◽  
Histological Method ◽  
Distinctive Difference ◽  
Safranin O ◽  
The Right

Purpose: This study was conducted primarily to compare the contents and distribution of Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in the normal and regenerated menisci, and partly to elucidate the role of GAG in the meniscus to fulfill its function. Method: A total of 60 immature rabbits, weighing 300–400 gm and aged 4 weeks, were used for the study. Total medial meniscectomy in the right knee joint was performed in all rabbits. The medial menisci of the left knee joints were used as control. After 16, 20, 24 and 28 weeks postoperatively, the amount of GAG in normal and regenerated menisci were measured. For the measurement of quantity and distribution of GAG contents, photon absorptiometry and Safranin O staining method were used. Results: (1) In 48 of the 60 medial meniscectomized knees, menisci were regenerated in various sizes with degenerative changes of joints, especially on tibial side. (2) In normal menisci, GAG was distributed at inner and middle 1/3, while GAG in regenerated menisci was diffusely found in the entire width. (3) The concentration of GAG per 1 mg of regenerated menisci were 4.36 ± 1.68, 4.58 ± 1.14, 4.65 ± 2.21, 4.60 ± 2.06 μg in each 16, 20, 24, and 28 week groups, while those of normal menisci were 9.10 ± 2.09, 9.75 ± 3.97, 11.80 ± 8.44 and 14.51 ± 8.91 μg. (4) In normal menisci, the amount of GAG was gradually increased as rabbit got older. However, there was no statistical differences of quantitative amount of GAG of regenerated menisci among the 16, 20, 24, and 28 weeks groups during the observation periods (p > 0.05). (5) There was a distinctive difference in Safranin O stainability by every 4 μg increase of GAG in both 1 mg of normal and regenerated menisci. Conclusion: This study showed the quantitative change of GAG between normal and regenerated menisci, and comparative analysis of GAG contents in the menisci by biochemical method and histological method were found to be useful tools.

scholarly journals Non-Pathological Opacification of the Cavernous Sinus on Brain CT Angiography: Comparison with Flow-Related Signal Intensity on Time-of-Flight MR Angiography

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Sun Ah Heo ◽  
Eun Soo Kim ◽  
Yul Lee ◽  
Sang Min Lee ◽  
Kwanseop Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Tof Mra ◽  
Superior Petrosal Sinus ◽  
Grade Difference ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
The Right

Purpose: To investigate the non-pathological opacification of the cavernous sinus (CS) on brain computed tomography angiography (CTA) and compare it with flow-related signal intensity (FRSI) on time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA). Methods: Opacification of the CS was observed in 355 participants who underwent CTA and an additional 77 participants who underwent examination with three diagnostic modalities: CTA, TOF-MRA, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Opacification of the CS, superior petrosal sinus (SPS), inferior petrosal sinus (IPS), and pterygoid plexus (PP) were also analyzed using a five-point scale. The Wilcoxon test was used to determine the frequencies of the findings on each side. Additionally, the findings on CTA images were compared with those on TOF-MRA images in an additional 77 participants without dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) using weighted kappa (κ) statistics. Results: Neuroradiologists identified non-pathological opacification of the CS (n = 100, 28.2%) on brain CTA in 355 participants. Asymmetry of opacification in the CS was significantly correlated with the grade difference between the right and left CS, SPS, IPS, and PP (p < 0.0001 for CS, p < 0.0001 for SPS, p < 0.0001 for IPS, and p < 0.05 for PP). Asymmetry of the opacification and FRSI in the CS was observed in 77 participants (CTA: n = 21, 27.3%; TOF-MRA: n = 22, 28.6%). However, there was almost no agreement between CTA and TOF-MRA (κ = 0.10, 95% confidence interval: −0.12–0.32). Conclusion: Asymmetry of non-pathological opacification and FRSI in the CS may be seen to some extent on CTA and TOF-MRA due to anatomical variance. However, it shows minimal reliable association with the FRSI on TOF-MRA.

scholarly journals Frequency-Following Response (FFR) in Military Pilots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziela Maria Martins-Moreira ◽  
Alessandra Spada Durante
Keyword(s):  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Aircraft Accidents ◽  
Frequency Following Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Right ◽  
Military Pilots

Abstract Introduction Good hearing in pilots, including central auditory skills, is critical for flight safety and the prevention of aircraft accidents. Pure tone audiometry alone may not be enough to assess hearing in the members of this population who, in addition to high noise levels, routinely face speech recognition tasks in non-ideal conditions. Objective To characterize the frequency-following response (FFR) of a group of military pilots compared with a control group. Methods Twenty military pilots in the Study Group and 20 non-pilot military personnel, not exposed to noise in their work, in the Control Group, all with normal hearing, aged between 30 and 40 years old, completed a questionnaire to assess their hearing habits, and their FFRs were measured with a /da/ syllable (duration 40 milliseconds, speed 10.9/s), at 80 dB NA in the right ear. All procedures were approved by the ethical committee of the institution. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-Student or Mann-Whitney tests for quantitative variables, and the Fisher or chi-squared tests for qualitative variables, and a value of p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results There was no significant difference between the groups regarding auditory habits. In the FFR, wave amplitudes A (p = 0.01) and C (p = 0.04) were significantly lower in the Study Group. Conclusion Working as a military pilot can be a crucial factor in determining an individual's typical FFR pattern, demonstrated in the present study by statistically significant reductions in the amplitudes of the A and C waves.

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