scholarly journals SOIL STABILIZATION OF THE SOIL BY USING DIFFERENT WASTE MATERIALS – A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
Tanna Manohar ◽  
Jyoti Prakash Giri
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Rate Of Failure

Soils that expand and contract unexpectedly are often described in terms of their permeability and poor load transfer mechanism. As a result of these qualities, the rate of failure mechanisms such as excessive settlement and subgrade failures attains at a very rapid pace, and the expansive soils are defined as more sensitive than other types of soil. Constructions based on this sort of soil are therefore challenging for an Engineer to complete. Growing population has led to an uncontrolled increase in plastic waste creation, and the disposal of the plastic waste has become a significant issue for all countries. As a result, road construction industry has shown a great deal of interest in utilising this waste and researchers have attempted to produce plastic wastes in soil stabilization as a strengthening agent. The focus of this study is to identify ways to make use of plastic wastes in geotechnical applications on a large scale. KEYWORDS: Soil stabilization, Plastic waste, Unconfined compressive strength, Static tensile strength

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Soils Stabilized with Two Types of Plastic Waste

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinis Gardete ◽  
Rosa Luzia
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Dry Unit Weight ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Cbr Test ◽  
Plastic Wastes

The reuse and recycling rates for plastics are still below desirable values. The valorisation of plastic wastes that presently end in landfills or is incinerated can help to mitigate this environmental problem. There have been studies in soil improvement using plastic waste. Two  types of plastic waste were used to assess their ability to improve soil properties for embankment construction and pavement layers. The selected plastic wastes are made from shredded package labels and ground bottles. The main properties of the soils were characterized. Three percentages of plastic waste were used, and the bearing capacity of the soil determined using CBR test (California Bearing Ratio). The results from the tests show that plastic waste stabilization leads to an increase in bearing capacity, expressed in CBR values, for low contents of plastic waste. This increase was more effective for high penetration values. Reduction in the bearing capacity was observed for higher plastic waste contents. Maximum dry unit weight decreased with increasing plastic waste content, whereas expansion increased with increasing plastic waste content. Keywords: Soil stabilization, Plastic waste, CBR test, Compaction, Earthworks

scholarly journals Application of Plastic Wastes in Construction Materials: A Review Using the Concept of Life-Cycle Assessment in the Context of Recent Research for Future Perspectives

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3549
Author(s):  
Tulane Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
Daiane Cecchin ◽  
Markssuel Teixeira Marvila ◽  
Mugahed Amran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Solid Waste Generation ◽  
Alternative Processes

The urbanization process contributes to the growth of solid waste generation and causes an increase in environmental impacts and failures in the management of solid waste. The number of dumps is a concern due to the limited implementation and safe disposal of this waste. The interest in sustainable techniques has been growing in relation to waste management, which is largely absorbed by the civil construction sector. This work aimed to review plastic waste, especially polyethylene terephthalate (PET), that can be incorporated with construction materials, such as concrete, mortars, asphalt mixtures, and paving. The use of life-cycle assessment (LCA) is related, as a tool that allows the sustainability of products and processes to be enhanced in the long term. After analyzing the recent literature, it was identified that studies related to plastic wastes in construction materials concentrate sustainability around the alternative destination of waste. Since the plastic waste from different production chains are obtained, it was possible to affirm the need for a broader assessment, such as the LCA, providing greater quantification of data making the alternative processes and products more sustainable. The study contributes to enhance sustainability in alternative building materials through LCA.

scholarly journals The production of valuable products and fuel from plastic waste in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Opoku Amankwa ◽  
E. Kweinor Tetteh ◽  
G. Thabang Mohale ◽  
G. Dagba ◽  
P. Opoku
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Us ◽  
Shipping Containers

AbstractGlobal plastic waste generation is about 300 million metric tons annually and poses crucial health and environmental problems. Africa is the second most polluted continent in the world, with over 500 shipping containers of waste being imported every month. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report suggests that about 75% of this plastic waste ends up in landfills. However, landfills management is associated with high environmental costs and loss of energy. In addition, landfill leachates end up in water bodies, are very detrimental to human health, and poison marine ecosystems. Therefore, it is imperative to explore eco-friendly techniques to transform plastic waste into valuable products in a sustainable environment. The trade-offs of using plastic waste for road construction and as a component in cementitious composites are discussed. The challenges and benefits of producing liquid fuels from plastic waste are also addressed. The recycling of plastic waste to liquid end-products was found to be a sustainable way of helping the environment with beneficial economic impact.

scholarly journals Potential Chemicals from Plastic Wastes

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3175
Author(s):  
Ravindra Prajapati ◽  
Kirtika Kohli ◽  
Samir K. Maity ◽  
Brajendra K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Medical Apparatus ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Future System ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
The U.S

Plastic is referred to as a “material of every application”. From the packaging and automotive industries to the medical apparatus and computer electronics sectors, plastic materials are fulfilling demands efficiently. These plastics usually end up in landfills and incinerators, creating plastic waste pollution. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in 2015, 9.1% of the plastic materials generated in the U.S. municipal solid waste stream was recycled, 15.5% was combusted for energy, and 75.4% was sent to landfills. If we can produce high-value chemicals from plastic wastes, a range of various product portfolios can be created. This will help to transform chemical industries, especially the petrochemical and plastic sectors. In turn, we can manage plastic waste pollution, reduce the consumption of virgin petroleum, and protect human health and the environment. This review provides a description of chemicals that can be produced from different plastic wastes and the research challenges involved in plastic waste to chemical production. This review also provides a brief overview of the state-of-the-art processes to help future system designers in the plastic waste to chemicals area.

Experimental study on the progressive collapse mechanism in the braced and tied-back retaining systems of deep excavations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Zheng ◽  
Yawei Lei ◽  
Xuesong Cheng ◽  
Xiyuan Li ◽  
Ruozhan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Large Deformations ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Collapse Mechanism ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Failure Path ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms ◽  
Very High

Collapses of braced or tied-back excavations have frequently occurred. However, the influence of the failure of some retaining structure members on the overall safety performance of a retaining system has not been studied. Model tests of failures of retaining piles, struts or anchors were conducted in this study, and the load transfer mechanisms underlying these conditions were analysed. When failures or large deformations occurred in certain piles, the increasing ratios of the bending moments in adjacent piles were much larger in the braced retaining system than in the cantilever system and more easily triggered progressive failure. When the strut elevation was lower or the excavation depth was greater, the degree of influence and range of pile failures became larger. When certain struts/anchors failed, their loads transferred to a few adjacent struts/anchors, possibly leading to further strut/anchor failure. The influence mechanisms of strut or anchor failure on piles were different from those of pile failure. As the number of failed struts or anchors increases, the bending moments of the piles in the failure zone first decrease and then increase to very high values. Therefore, the progressive failure path extends from struts/anchors to piles and will lead to large-scale collapse.

Evaluation Indexes System for Assessing Road Construction with Recycled Waste Materials to Achieve Better Environmental Impacts

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 1001-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Zhen Chen ◽  
Cui Jie Geng ◽  
Wen Zhou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Recycled Waste

Evaluation indexes system has been put forward in this paper for quantifying thesystematical energy consumption, resources consumption, total emissions’ change and waste disposal capacity in road construction with recycled waste materials involved. With help of this evaluation indexes system, the contributions to environmental improvement caused by recycling waste materials in road construction can be quantified through calculating savings on environmental impact potentials, savings on energy consumption, on virgin materials’ consumption and waste disposal capacity provided by road construction. Based on the construction project of a road section numbered No.20 EWK0+400 ~ EWK0+600 of North highway to Shanghai Pudong international airport, which was the first trial project of using several kinds of recycled waste materials including bottom ash from incinerators to replace commonly used materials such as gravel in large scale in road pavement, the results of the four indexes, namely, savings on energy consumption and virgin materials’ consumption, environmental impact potentials as well as waste disposal capacity were obtained. It was found out that with multi recycled waste materials replacing part of the common construction material, systematical energy consumption can be reduced by 30%, a large amount of virgin resource consumption can be avoid and road construction also provides a remarkable large “dumping site” for solid wastes; while at the same time environmental impact potentials were saved for most impact categories except for increase in Ecotoxicity, water chronic, which was caused by heavy metals’ leaching and can be prevented by pre-treatment. Those results are useful for guiding the utilization of recycled waste materials, as well as for developing new technology process and advanced materials in road construction.

scholarly journals PENYULUHAN DAN PERCONTOHAN PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH PLASTIK UNTUK MATERIAL BAHAN BANGUNAN DI LINGKUNGAN RPTRA, JAKARTA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Kurniawati ◽  
Lisa Oksri Nelfia ◽  
Ade Okvianti Irlan ◽  
Indrawati Sumeru
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Public Road ◽  
House Construction ◽  
The People ◽  
Natural Aggregates

Construction is growing rapidly nowadays. Buildings, housing, industry/business centers and highways will require natural aggregates which are natural resources that cannot be renewed. Therefore, we need replacement materials able to replace these natural aggregate. The large amount of plastic waste in fields, based on existing data, causes environmental pollution through it can be reused and useful for building and road construction. Most of communities don’t even know the plastic waste processing technology that allow their use in the construction of house construction such as floors, walls, roofs, and hinges and also road construction with not heavy road loads. The purpose of this activity is to provide the knowledge to the people of RPTRA related to technology for the use of plastic waste for building materials and also road construction in the area in the RPTRA environment considering it is not a public road and hence, with not heavy vehicle. The method used is firstly observation and interview of several houses visited. Then activities about using different types of plastic waste as construction materials. Finally, evaluation of the progress of the project by conducting a survey to people who had met the criteria of being a member of the plastic waste program. The success of this program will be the people’s understanding and a significate growing of any highvalue plastic use as construction material. The benefit of this community service is to increase the knowledge and insight of the people of RPTRA, South Meruya, and West Jakarta City, related to environmentally friendly technologies such as plastic waste processing.

scholarly journals PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PELESTARIAN DANAU TONDANO DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Herling A Watania ◽  
Ellen Eva Poli ◽  
Xaverius Erick Lobja
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Village Government

The research objective was to determine and describe how the participation and role of the community around Lake Tondano to preserve Lake Tondano from the silting process. To get accurate data, there are several ways to collect data which are often called data collection techniques, including (1) Interview, (2) Observation, (3) Documentation study. This research uses qualitative methods with qualitative descriptive analysis, namely by collecting, managing, presenting, and describing the research results as they are. Based on the results of the research, it is known that the form of community participation in the rehabilitation of Lake Tondano includes: (a) Community participation in the South Tondano sub-district is actively planting replacement trees around the lake, making terraces in the hills around the lake, continuous socialization to the community around the lake, and The community no longer throws plastic waste into waterways, either sewers or rivers, so that the lake ecosystem is maintained. Another participation is that the local community is also obliged to provide information to the sub-district or village government if there are people who try to destroy the forest carelessly around the lake and people who deliberately dump plastic waste on a large scale into waterways in the form of ditches and rivers. Also, the local community has followed government regulations regarding the preservation of Lake Tondano; (b) Other types of participation contributed by the community in South Tondano sub-district, including; a) participation of ideas or ideas, b) participation of personnel, c) participation of assets, d) participation of skills and skills and e) social participation. Forms of community participation in the environmental conservation of Lake Tondano are in the form of; a) active participation, b) passive participation.

scholarly journals STABILISASI TANAH EKSPANSIF MENGGUNAKAN KAPUR DAN SPENT CATALYST UNTUK TANAH DASAR PERKERASAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Arifudin Nur ◽  
Suryo Hapsoro Tri Utomo ◽  
M. Zudhy Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Petroleum Processing ◽  
Spent Catalyst ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Lime Content ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Spent Catalysts

Abstract Expansive soils have high swelling and shrinkage potentials, which may cause damage to road structures. Therefore, stabilization is required. One method of stabilization is to use lime and spent catalysts with the aim of increasing carrying capacity and reducing swelling. Spent catalyst is a petroleum processing waste and classified as pozzolanic material. The addition of lime and spent catalysts can increase the CBR value and reduce swelling of soils. The results of this study indicate that the maximum increase in soaked CBR and unsoaked CBR values occurred in soil mixtures with optimum lime content and 12% spent catalyst with 7 days of curing. While the soil mixture with optimum lime content and 12% spent catalyst, with 7 days of curing, is the best mixture that produces soaked CBR value of 49.67%, swelling of 0.15%, and plasticity index value of 11.97%, so the soil meets the requirements to be used as pavement subgrade. Keywords: expansive soil, stabilization, road structure, subgrade, road pavement  Abstrak Tanah ekspansif memiliki potensi pengembangan dan penyusutan yang tinggi, sehingga dapat menyebabkan kerusakan struktur jalan. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan stabilisasi. Salah satu metode stabilisasi adalah menggunakan kapur dan spent catalyst dengan tujuan meningkatkan kapasitas dukung dan menurunkan swelling. Spent catalyst merupakan limbah pengolahan minyak bumi dan termasuk bahan pozzolan. Penam-bahan kapur dan spent catalyst mampu meningkatkan nilai CBR dan mereduksi swelling. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan maksimum nilai CBR soaked maupun CBR unsoaked terjadi pada campuran tanah dengan kadar kapur optimum dan 12% spent catalyst dengan peraman 7 hari. Sedangkan campuran tanah dengan kadar kapur optimum dan 12% spent catalyst, dengan peraman 7 hari, merupakan campuran terbaik yang menghasilkan nilai CBR soaked sebesar 49,67%, swelling sebesar 0,15%, dan nilai indeks plastisitas sebesar 11,97%, sehingga tanah memenuhi syarat untuk digunakan sebagai tanah dasar perkerasan jalan. Kata-kata kunci: tanah ekspansif, stabilisasi, struktur jalan, tanah dasar, perkerasan jalan

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