scholarly journals CARBONACEOUS NANOMATERIALS FOR WATER POLLUTION REMEDIATION: AN OVERVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 405-410
Author(s):  
Dr. Shweta Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Cadmium Sulphide ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Pollution Remediation ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Volume Properties ◽  
Nano Rods ◽  
Forms Of Carbon ◽  
Vast Range

Any Material, having structure in nanometer scale with at least one dimension is recognized as Nanomaterial (NM). These Nanomaterial (NMs) have vast variations in their elemental composition; which may be formed by single element viz. Gold, Silver, Iron, Carbon etc. or by the combination with Oxygen or Sulphur as Oxides & Sulphides viz. Iron oxide (Fe2O3), Copper Oxide (CuO) or Cadmium Sulphide(CdS),etc. Among the single elemental forms, the Carbonaceous Nanomaterials(CNMs) are identified as nanosized allotropic forms of Carbon having different structures like Nano rods, Nano tubes, Nano ring, Nano sphere, and Nano sheets mostly with sp2 carbon atoms. In past decades, Carbonaceous Nanomaterials(CNMs) have gain interest of researchers due to their biocompatibility, non-toxicity and unique surface to volume properties, etc. their easy tunable features are found advantageous for their utilization in wide range of applications. Further, owing to their specific mechanical strength, conductivity, surface activity and many more beneficial features, they have vast range of applicability in electronic, biomedical, energy storage & conversion, catalysis and remediation of environmental pollution. Present paper briefly describes about the types of Carbonaceous Nanomaterials (CNMs) with emphasizing their use in the remediation of Water Pollution. With the growing development of Nanotechnologies, use of CNMs may play a significant role in remediation of Water Pollution. KEYWORDS: Carbonaceous Nanomaterials(CNMs), Water Pollution, Remediation of Pollution.

A standard for transmission electron spectroscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 530-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Maher ◽  
David Joy ◽  
Peggy Mochel
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Host Lattice ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Standard Specimens ◽  
Forms Of Carbon ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

A variety of standard specimens is needed in order to systematically investigate the instrumentation, specimen, data reduction and quantitation variables in electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). Pure single element specimens (e.g. various forms of carbon) have received considerable attention to date but certain elements of interest cannot be prepared directly as thin films. Since studies of the first and second row elements in two- or multicomponent systems will be of considerable importance in microanalysis using EELS, there is a need for convenient standards containing these species. For many investigations a standard should contain the desired element, or elements, homogeneously dispersed through a suitable matrix and at an accurately known concentration. These conditions may be met by the technique of implantation.Silicon was chosen as the host lattice since its principal ionization energies, EL23 = 98 eV and Ek = 1843 eV, are well removed from the K-edges of most elements of major interest such as boron (Ek = 188 eV), carbon (Ek = 283 eV), nitrogen (Ek = 400 eV) and oxygen (Ek = 532 eV).

scholarly journals What Do Meditators Do When They Meditate? Proposing a Novel Basis for Future Meditation Research

Mindfulness ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Matko ◽  
Ulrich Ott ◽  
Peter Sedlmeier
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Contemplative Practices ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vast Range ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Objectives Meditation is an umbrella term for a vast range of contemplative practices. Former proposals have struggled to do justice to this variety. To our knowledge, there is to date no comprehensive overview of meditation techniques spanning all major traditions. The present studies aimed at providing such a comprehensive list of meditation techniques. Methods In a qualitative study, we compiled a collection of 309 meditation techniques through a literature search and interviews with 20 expert meditators. Then, we reduced this collection to 50 basic meditation techniques. In a second, quantitative study, 635 experienced meditators from a wide range of meditative backgrounds indicated how much experience they had with each of these 50 meditation techniques. Results Meditators’ responses indicated that our choice of techniques had been adequate and only two techniques had to be added. Our additional statistical and cluster analyses illustrated preferences for specific techniques across and within diverse traditions as well as sets of techniques commonly practiced together. Body-centered techniques stood out in being of exceptional importance to all meditators. Conclusions In conclusion, we found an amazing variety of meditation techniques, which considerably surpasses previous collections. Our selection of basic meditation techniques might be of value for future scientific investigations and we encourage researchers to use this set.

scholarly journals Diffuse Water Pollution from Agriculture: A Review of Nature-Based Solutions for Nitrogen Removal and Recovery

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1893
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Mancuso ◽  
Grazia Federica Bencresciuto ◽  
Stevo Lavrnić ◽  
Attilio Toscano
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Agricultural Wastewater ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types

The implementation of nature-based solutions (NBSs) can be a suitable and sustainable approach to coping with environmental issues related to diffuse water pollution from agriculture. NBSs exploit natural mitigation processes that can promote the removal of different contaminants from agricultural wastewater, and they can also enable the recovery of otherwise lost resources (i.e., nutrients). Among these, nitrogen impacts different ecosystems, resulting in serious environmental and human health issues. Recent research activities have investigated the capability of NBS to remove nitrogen from polluted water. However, the regulating mechanisms for nitrogen removal can be complex, since a wide range of decontamination pathways, such as plant uptake, microbial degradation, substrate adsorption and filtration, precipitation, sedimentation, and volatilization, can be involved. Investigating these processes is beneficial for the enhancement of the performance of NBSs. The present study provides a comprehensive review of factors that can influence nitrogen removal in different types of NBSs, and the possible strategies for nitrogen recovery that have been reported in the literature.

Yanik Tepe, Shengavit, and the Khirbet Kerak Ware

1965 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Amiran
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Single Element ◽  
The North ◽  
Great Affinity ◽  
Wide Range

The problem dealt with in the following note, concisely worded in the title, has been occupying the attention of many scholars for quite some time, but seems now to have anchored at a haven, from which further research is already in progress. It may be considered a generally consented assumption, that the phenomenon of the Kh. Kerak Ware (which comprises all the occurrences of this distinctive ware, from Tabara el Akrad Levels IV–I, Amuq Phase H, Hama Niveau K5 in the north, to all the sites in Palestine, as far south as Jericho Tomb A, Tomb F4, etc.) is part of a much larger phenomenon, which stretches over a much wider area. It is evident that we cannot understand a single element, the Kh. Kerak Ware, unless we see it as belonging to a whole phenomenon. It is the great affinity, indeed almost homogeneity of the pottery, both shapes, surface treatment and decoration, which unifies the whole wide range of separated regions, from Transcaucasia (the Kura-Arax culture of B. Kuftin), Armenia and Azerbaidjan, through Eastern and Central Anatolia, to the whole length of the Levant, into one phenomenon.

Airlift bioreactors for hydrocarbon water pollution remediation in a tourism development pole

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Lizardi-Jiménez ◽  
R.M. Leal-Bautista ◽  
A. Ordaz ◽  
R. Reyna-Velarde
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Pollution Remediation ◽  
Airlift Bioreactors

Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Reed Check Valve for Hydraulic Applications

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony L. Knutson ◽  
James D. Van de Ven
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Check Valve ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reed Valve

Reed valves are a type of check valve commonly found in a wide range of applications including air compressors, internal combustion engines, and even the human heart. While reed valves have been studied extensively in these applications, published research on the modeling and application of reed valves in hydraulic systems is severely lacking. Because the spring and mass components of a reed valve are contained in a single element, it is light and compact compared to traditional disc, poppet, or ball style check valves. These advantages make reed valves promising for use in high frequency applications such as piston pumps, switch-mode hydraulics, and digital hydraulics. Furthermore, the small size and fast response of reed valves provide an opportunity to design pumps capable of operating at higher speeds and with lower dead volumes, thus increasing efficiency and power density. In this paper, a modeling technique for reed valves is presented and validated in a hydraulic piston pump test bed. Excellent agreement between modeled and experimentally measured reed valve opening is demonstrated. Across the range of experimental conditions, the model predicts the pump delivery with an error typically less than 1% with a maximum error of 2.2%.

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