scholarly journals REVIEW, RECLASSIFICATION AND DEMARCATING OF CLIMATE IN NEPAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Puspa Lal Pokhrel PhD
Keyword(s):  
Mountain System ◽  
Mountainous Country

Geomorphic mountain system of our country (Nepal) is climatically and environmentally unique. Even Nepal is one of the most ecologically sensitive and fragile area in the mountainous country of the world.Former writer have divided into three to five climatic types of Nepal.This article divided six climatic types. There is an extreme spacious range of climates within very short latitudinal distance. The classification, zoning and separating of climate in Nepal is challenging due to complex altitude and topography.The author is going to discuss this issue on Discourse.

The influence of backstop geometry in the structural style of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia: A sandbox modeling approach 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Andrés Conde Carvajal ◽  
Cristhian Bolívar Riascos Rodríguez ◽  
Michael Andres Avila Paez ◽  
Andreas Kammer
Keyword(s):  
Kink Band ◽  
Ductile Deformation ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Eastern Cordillera ◽  
Surface Uplift ◽  
Structural Style ◽  
Mountain System ◽  
Mountain Front ◽  
Structural Relief

<p>Among the foreland belts of the Andean mountain system, the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (EC) represents a unique example of an isolated, bi-vergent mountain belt. In contrast, to block tectonics of broken foreland basins, it displays a ductile deformation style which involves two mountain fronts with a structural relief of the order of 10 km. Internal parts of the EC have been shortened by buckling at high and a homogeneously strained basement at deeper structural levels. These deformation patterns likely attest to conditions of a thermally weakened backarc setting. Two opposed scenarios have been postulated for its surface uplift and consequent exhumation: 1) an E-migrating deformation front and the formation of progressively forward breaking faults; and 2) the pop-up of a weak crustal welt enclosed by strong foreland blocks. In this latter setting, a synchronous early formation of marginal mountain fronts and a late-stage surface uplift of a central domain may be anticipated. These two constellations compare, in terms of a contrasting model setup, to a foreland migrating orogenic wedge or a relatively stable, doubly vergent wedge formed above a structural discontinuity or rheologic boundaries that acted as sites for the nucleation of the marginal faults.</p><p>In this contribution, we opt to examine the “boundary” conditions for the development of a doubly vergent wedge formed at the tip line of a rigid tapering backstop, that simulates a rigid foreland block. With respect to the shape of this backstop, we examine the effects of tip angles less than the angle of internal friction (<30°) and find, that at a low tip angle of 10° the pop-up evolves above a forward-breaking principal kink-band with the synchronous formation of a sequence of conjugate back-kinks that cut into the sand pack, as it is pushed toward the backstop. At a moderate tip angle of 20<sup>o </sup>the forward-breaking kink-band is slightly steeper than the backstop and gives rise to a frontal fold with an overturned limb. This latter geometrical configuration loosely compares to the structural relations of a structural section through the high plains of Bogotá, where the eastern mountain front defines a strongly deformed antiform, that is juxtaposed against an undeformed margin of the adjacent Guyana shield.</p>

scholarly journals Deforestation dynamics in an endemic-rich mountain system: Conservation successes and challenges in West Java 1990–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Higginbottom ◽  
Nigel J. Collar ◽  
Elias Symeonakis ◽  
Stuart J. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
West Java ◽  
Mountain System ◽  
Successes And Challenges

scholarly journals Art. VII.—On the Mountainous Country, the portion of Asher, between the Coasts of Tyre and Sidon, and the Jordan

1849 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 348-371
Author(s):  
Newbold
Keyword(s):  
Mountainous Country

The mountainous country lying between the coasts of Tyre and Sidon and the valley of the Jordan presents almost a complete blank, even in our latest maps of Palestine. Nau (a.d. 1674) went from the mouth of the Kasimíyeh river to Safed; Buckingham (a.d. 1816), from Banias to Sidon; Ven Monro (a.d. 1833) went from Safed to Tyre; and my friend Mr. Thomson, the American missionary of Beyrút, took a somewhat similar route in 1837. In 1835, Mr. Smith passed from the Húleh, through Merj Ayún, to Jezzin, and subsequently (1838), in company with Professor Robinson, from Safed to Tyre.

scholarly journals Historical fire records at the two ends of Iberian Central Mountain System: Estrela massif and Ayllón massif

2019 ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Catarina Romão Sequeira ◽  
Cristina Montiel-Molina ◽  
Francisco Castro Rego
Keyword(s):  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Multiscale Approach ◽  
Natural Region ◽  
Fire Use ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
Mountain System ◽  
History Of ◽  
In Fire

The Iberian Peninsula has a long history of fire, as the Central Mountain System, from the Estrela massif in Portugal to the Ayllón massif in Spain, is a major fire-prone area. Despite being part of the same natural region, there are different environmental, political and socio-economic contexts at either end, which might have led to distinct human causes of wildfires and associated fire regimes. The hypothesis for this research lies in the historical long-term relationship between wildfire risks and fire use practices within a context of landscape dynamics. In addition to conducting an analysis of the statistical period, a spatial and temporal multiscale approach was taken by reconstructing the historical record of prestatistical fires and land management history at both ends of the Central Mountain System. The main result is the different structural causes of wildland fires at either end of the Central Mountain System, with human factors being more important than environmental factors in determining the fire regimes in both contexts. The study shows that the development of the fire regime was non-linear in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, due to broader local human context factors which led to a shift in fire-use practices.

scholarly journals A Web of Science based bibliometric reconnaissance of the Himalaya-Karakoram-Hindukush-Tibet region with focus on field sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Pitambar Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Subject Categories ◽  
Inverted Metamorphism ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Mountain System ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
The Himalaya

A bibliometric survey of the Himalaya-Karakoram-Hindukush-Tibet (HKHT) region, the largest mountain system on Earth, for research publications recorded in the Web of Science (WOS) during 1901-2018 revealed 46,746 citable documents (articles, reviews, letters and notes) showing exponential growth mainly after 1980s. The HKHT publications that cover 244 WOS subject categories (SCs) have been used to determine the relative shares by HKHT units, countries, research organizations and publication sources. Nine WOS SCs related to “earth, environmental and agricultural sciences” exhibit highest shares (22.6% to 3.2% of the total) by the whole counting method. Further analysis of the 1994-2018 subset related to 4 broader disciplinary classes (Geosciences, Environmental Sciences & Technologies, Agricultural Sciences, and Ecological Sciences) attributed to “field sciences” with particular emphasis on the high impact (TOP10% globally by citation) documents enables to capture the most prolific, representative (both in space and time) and impactful research. This study identifies the prolific countries, institutions, journals, etc. characterizing the cross-disciplinary research transcending national boundaries and involving international teams. Science mapping of high impact publications (4,561 documents) using the co-occurrence of keywords restricted to noun phrases reveals six prominent clusters that reflect the prolific and high impact research themes in field science for the whole HKHT region: five of them related to earth and environmental sciences (climate change including monsoon regime, tectonic evolution of the Himalaya-Tibet orogen, India-Asia collision and associated crustal phenomena, activities on major thrusts, channel flows and inverted metamorphism), and one contrasting theme concerning the genetic diversity of plants mainly of medicinal values.

scholarly journals Paleozoic Laurentia-Gondwana interaction and the origin of the Appalachian-Andean mountain system

1994 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN W.D. DALZIEL ◽  
LUIS H. DALLA SALDA ◽  
LISA M. GAHAGAN
Keyword(s):  
Mountain System
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document