scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN'S LITERATURE IN CHINA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Shukriya Nazirova Miadovna
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Women's Literature ◽  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Important Place ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women Literature ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
In The Beginning

This research is about the development of an important part of Chinese literature -women’s literature in XX century. In the beginning of XX century the number of women writers who wrote fiction works increased rapidly. The uneasy situations of the country such as revolutionary movements in the beginning of XX century, China-Japan war, monopole government of Mao Zedong, persecuting the democratic movements, deporting intelligent people to the “re-educating” camps and other conditions were not able to obstacle the women to enter the literature world. On the contrary, interfering of women in social-politic life of the country got stronger in the second part of the XX century. The various movements of women, journals and newspapers and societies of women were organized. The role of women in social life became more noticeable and women literature developed more. Women writers such as Bin Sin, Lin Shukhua, Lu In, Din Lin, Syao Khun, Shi Pinmey, Dzao Min, Lyui Bichen, Chjan Aylin got an important place in social-politic and moral-cultural life of the country with their works. Many of these women participated actively in literary processes and public events. In this article some of the mentioned women writers’ life and work will be discussed in detail. The women writers mentioned in this article are confessed not only in China, but also in the world’s literature. The problems risen in women’s works, the real events described by them play a significant role in gaining more knowledge about the history of China in the first half of XX century and enriching our imaginations regarding to literature processes. KEY WORDS: Literary ideology of Mao Zedong, women’s literature, Bin Sin, children literature, Diaries “Letters for little pupils”, Chzan Aylin.

scholarly journals 11 Students Re-Discovering the University: Presence of Mind and Body

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
Jan Masschelein ◽  
Maarten Simons
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
History Of ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
The University

Abstract The article starts from the observation of a rediscovery and reoccupation of the university that continues the history of smaller or bigger revolutionary movements establishing a universitas studii. The thesis is, first, that today’s de-identification with screen work and the affirmation of the importance of places to study is about the willingness to realize a public and collective presence of mind. Second, we elaborate on the thesis that students today perhaps are not rediscovering on campus education in order to fulfill their need for social life or social contact, but to answer the call of the university and its promise of a meaningful, contestable, experimental encounter with “something” that makes them study. Students as well as professors seem to prefer to be where something happens and as it happens, despite the streaming or recordings being available. Today’s mediation by the screen transforms the lecture, seminar, or discussion into an image, which makes the student an outsider or spectator. Studying seems to not only involve a presence of mind but a simultaneous presence of body.

scholarly journals Circumstances of Poland’s Independence in Women’s Accounts. Participants and Witnesses

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Jolanta Załęczny
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Female Perspective

Women have always played an important, though not always fully perceived and properly exposed, role in the history of our nation. They were active participants in many significant events, engaged in armed struggle and took part in political and social life. They supported soldiers and political activists. This has given them an important place in the public consciousness. It is hard to imagine discussing any event today without taking into account the participation of women and the female perspective on the event. This also applies to Poland’s regaining of independence in 1918. It is worth looking at these events through the prism of not only famous writers, but also other women (among others: Zofia Romanowicz, Countess Maria Lubomirska), who, by taking part or observing, recorded them as written accounts.

Imprisonment, freedom, and literary opacity in the work of Nawal El Saadawi and Assia Djebar

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-187
Author(s):  
Jane Hiddleston
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Women's Literature ◽  
Assia Djebar ◽  
Aesthetic Form ◽  
Direct Form ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Core Issue ◽  
Colonial Oppression ◽  
The Right

In her astute study of contemporary Arab women writers, Anastasia Valassopoulos begins by noting the pitfalls of much existing criticism of writers such as El Saadawi and Djebar in the West. Citing Amal Amireh’s article on the fraught history of the reception of El Saadawi in Egypt and in Europe, Valassopoulos comments that Arab women’s literature tends to be seen as ‘documentary’, and this obscures the ‘core issue of representation’ as it is explored and challenged by women writers. In the face of this omission, the present article explores a selection of works by El Saadawi and Djebar from an aesthetic perspective. El Saadawi and Djebar use literary writing as a means to escape the constraints placed upon them by patriarchy, as well as by colonialism, and uphold creativity and poetry as a possible release from imprisonment. This article also uses Glissant’s and Bhabha’s concepts of literary opacity and the right to narrate as a partial framework for a reading of the relation between writing, freedom and aesthetic form in the works of El Saadawi and Djebar. El Saadawi and Djebar purposefully deploy a form of self-effacement, both in their autobiographical representations and in their portraits of female characters, also akin to Trinh Minh-ha’s strategy in Woman, Native, Other. Minh-ha’s dissemination of the writing voice, and the affirmation of collective solidarity between multiple but internally fragmentary feminist positions, serves, then, as a further theoretical backdrop for El Saadawi’s and Djebar’s use of opacity and the right to narrate as tools in an active feminist resistance to sexist and racist discourses. Both El Saadawi and Djebar use their writing to conceive women’s liberation from various forms of imprisonment, and they figure women’s fractured, convoluted and at times opaque self-expression as a direct form of resistance to both patriarchal and colonial oppression.

scholarly journals Some aspects of the everyday life of officials in the Russian Empire in the beginning of XX century (based on the «Vestnik chinovnika»)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-131
Author(s):  
Alma Asylhanovna Ospanova
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Design Style

This article explains the necessity of studying the historical experience of the management organization of the Russian Empire. The article contains an analysis of the situation of contemporary historiography, which feature lies in the fact that it is necessary to study not only the degree of effectiveness of the mechanisms of power, but also the factors influencing it. Among these factors occupies an important place daily serving officials, their way of life, material security, way of life. The history of everyday life - a new branch of historical knowledge, the subject of study which is the sphere of human commonness of multiple historical, cultural, political and event-and religious-confessional contexts. The focus of the study of the history of everyday life repeating, normal and usual, design style and way of life of the members of different social classes, including emotional reactions to events and behavior motives. One of the main sources of this study advocates periodical Vestnik chinovnika, which allows to understand the lifestyles of officials from the "inside." Analysis of this edition allows to draw conclusions about the limited salaries, lack of financial security, which is reflected in the number of employees malfeasance. The results can serve as a basis for further study of the factors influencing the efficiency of public administration and for the study of everyday regional officials.

scholarly journals Kritik terhadap Konsep Ideologi Komunisme Karl Marx

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Fadhillah Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Revolutionary Movement ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classless Society

This  article aims to analyse the ideological theory of communism by referring to the history of the early period of thought of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels. From a linguistic perspective, communism is a doctrine of liberating the proletariat to a classless society. In the following period, communism by Lenin, Stalin and Mao Zedong developed into a revolutionary movement and state leadership under the control of the communist party with individual cult theory. Communism has three basic concepts, namely: dialectics, historical materialism and classless. In conclusion, communism has historically evolved as a philosophy of life that emphasizes world materialism with its slogan ‘of each person according to ability, for each person as needed ‘and not just a political ideology that separates religious affairs from state affairs. So according to its nature, communism clearly denies the existence of the afterlife, even denying God in its applicative life. Therefore, the appropriate paradigm for criticizing this ideology is through a worldview approach, especially the Islamic worldview, because in this world is not only a material aspect but also a metaphysical aspect. By understanding that aspects of metaphysics, it can affect human social life, so they will better understand that God is who occupies the highest position in this nature.

Why Is the History of Ukrainian Literature Silent About the Women Writers of the Second and Third Decades of the 20th Century?

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Snizhana Zhygun
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Women's Literature ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Nation Formation ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Symbolic Image

The article deals with the problem of avoiding women’s literature of the 1920s and 1930s in the narrative of the history of Ukrainian literature. This period is called the Executed Renaissance and is the key to the nation-making narrative. It is seen as the time of the modern nation formation and the time of the greatest sacrifice in the name of the nation. Women’s literature of that time is selectively discussed in this context, but the bulk of female literature of that period remains out of the attention of researchers, despite the fact that both the previous stage of development of women’s literature and subsequent ones are present in the narrative of the history of Ukrainian literature. The article hypothesizes that the period of the 1920s and 1930s “fell out” because the women’s literature of that time did not meet the needs of the nation-making narrative that dominates the Ukrainian humanities. The aim of the study is to show this discrepancy by analyzing the representation of gender practices in women’s texts of that period. The theoretical basis of the work was the ideas by Anne McClintock, Yuval-Davis, Joane Nagel, Robert Connell, Martha Bohachevsky-Chomiak. As a result of the study, it has been revealed that women’s literature of the time has different topics and problems, which is due to different experiences. Describing the Bolshevik reforms, women attach equal importance to changes in management and forms of ownership, as well as to the new norms of family and maternal law. The women writers remind of the importance of women’s work in enterprises and in agriculture, especially in the absence of men involved in the war. The literature reflects the rapid expansion of the range of characters’ professions, but at the same time shows the complexity of self-realization, especially when it is necessary to combine profession and motherhood. At this time, women speak more openly about cathexis, challenging patriarchal norms. The image of a woman, in particular of a mother, created by the woman writers did not correspond to the symbolic image of the nation’s reproducer, so the return of women’s literature of the 1920s and 1930s did not meet the needs of the nation-making narrative in the post-Soviet conditions.

scholarly journals UN ACERCAMIENTO A LA ANTROPOLOGIZACIÓN DEL CONTENIDO HISTÓRICO EN LA DISCIPLINA HISTORIA DE CUBA EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR PEDAGÓGICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Roberto Fernández Naranjo ◽  
Frank Arteaga Pupo ◽  
Miliannys Domínguez Peña
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Satisfactory Solution ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Continuous Problems ◽  
History Of

RESUMEN El estudio del hombre, (masculino genérico), ocupa un lugar importante en el contexto de las elaboraciones teóricas de los investigadores, debido a la multidimensionalidad de factores y acciones que los mismos generan en su paso por la vida social, en su afán de brindar respuestas a los continuos problemas que emanan del accionar cotidiano; contestaciones que desde las ciencias aún son insuficientes; al no proporcionar una solución satisfactoria en el abordaje de las diferentes temáticas. Por lo que nos vemos en la necesidad de acudir a diferentes conceptualizaciones desde la antropología que nos ayudaran a comprender el desde un análisis antropológico las acciones de los hombres en un contexto histórico concreto, acciones tanto colectivas como individuales que devienen en materia prima de donde se construye la Historia en sentido general. Para luego los maestros investigadores haremos nuestro trabajo, la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de esta ciencia, a partir de arreglos didácticos que responden a un proceso de selección y secuenciación de contenidos, estos, como categoría didáctica, de la cual mostraremos esta visión que es de carácter más general pero muy humanas y de eso es lo que versa el articulo nuestro empeño en visibilizar esta dimensión en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la Historia. PALABRAS CLAVE: Antropología; Didáctica de la Historia; Vida Cotidiana. AN APPROACH TO ANTHROPOLOGIZATION OF THE HISTORICAL CONTENT IN THE DISCIPLINE HISTORY OF CUBA IN PEDAGOGICAL HIGHER EDUCATION ABSTRACT The study of man (generic male) occupies an important place in the context of the theoretical elaborations of the researchers, due to the multidimensionality of factors and actions that they generate in their passage through social life, in their desire to provide answers to the continuous problems that emanate from the daily action; answers that from the sciences are still insufficient; by not providing a satisfactory solution in the approach of the different themes. So we have to go to different conceptualizations from anthropology that help us understand the anthropological analysis of the actions of men in a concrete historical context, both collective and individual actions that become in raw material from where constructs History in a general sense. For then the research teachers will do our work, the teaching and learning of this science, from didactic arrangements that respond to a process of selection and sequencing of content, these as a didactic category, from which we will show this vision that is character more general but very human and that is what the article is about our commitment to make this dimension visible in the teaching process of History. KEYWORDS: Anthropology; Didactics of History; Daily life.  

Victorian Pain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Ablow
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Victorian Literature ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Harriet Martineau ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Natural Philosophers ◽  
First Time

The nineteenth century introduced developments in science and medicine that made the eradication of pain conceivable for the first time. This new understanding of pain brought with it a complex set of moral and philosophical dilemmas. If pain serves no obvious purpose, how do we reconcile its existence with a well-ordered universe? Examining how writers of the day engaged with such questions, this book offers a compelling new literary and philosophical history of modern pain. The book provides close readings of novelists Charlotte Brontë and Thomas Hardy and political and natural philosophers John Stuart Mill, Harriet Martineau, and Charles Darwin, as well as a variety of medical, scientific, and popular writers of the Victorian age. The book explores how discussions of pain served as investigations into the status of persons and the nature and parameters of social life. No longer conceivable as divine trial or punishment, pain in the nineteenth century came to seem instead like a historical accident suggesting little or nothing about the individual who suffers. A landmark study of Victorian literature and the history of pain, the book shows how these writers came to see pain as a social as well as a personal problem. Rather than simply self-evident to the sufferer and unknowable to anyone else, pain was also understood to be produced between persons—and even, perhaps, by the fictions they read.

From the History of the Public Library in the Village Tagai of Simbirsk District in Simbirsk Province

2010 ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Valentina M. Patutkina
Keyword(s):  
Public Library ◽  
Library History ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Village

The article is dedicated to unknown page in the library history of Ulyanovsk region. The author writes about the role of Trusteeship on people temperance in opening of libraries. The history of public library organized in the beginning of XX century in the Tagai village of Simbirsk district in Simbirsk province is renewed.

Monastery, Monument, Museum

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Peleggi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Art History ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Devotional Art ◽  
Cultural Legacy ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Cultural Sites ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intellectual Knowledge

Monastery, Monument, Museum examines cultural sites, artifacts, and institutions of Thailand as both products and vehicles of cultural memory. From rock caves to reliquaries, from cultic images to temple murals, from museums and modern monuments to contemporary artworks, cultural sites and artifacts are considered in relation to the transmission of religious beliefs and political ideologies, as well as manual and intellectual knowledge, throughout thelongue durée of Thailand’s cultural history. Sequenced by and large chronologically along a period of time spanning the eleventh century through to the start of the twenty-first, the eight chapters in this book are grouped into three sections that surface distinct themes and analytical concerns: devotional art in Part I, museology and art history in Part II, and political art in Part III. The chapters can even be read as self-contained essays, each supplied with extensive bibliographic references.By examining the interplay between cultural sites and artifacts, their popular and scholarly appreciation, and the institutional configuration of a cultural legacy, Monastery, Monument, Museum makes a contribution to the literature on memory studies. A second area of scholarship this book engages is the art history of Thailand by shifting focus from the chronological and stylistic analysis of artifacts to their social life—and afterlife. Monastery, Monument, Museum brings together in one volume a millennium of art and cultural history of Thailand. Its novel analysis and thought-provoking re-interpretation of a variety of artifacts and source materials will be of interest to both the specialist and the general reader.

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