scholarly journals ESTABLISHMENT OF SOVIET POWER IN SAMARKAND AND THE BEGINNING OF THE ARMED MOVEMENT AGAINST IT

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Botirjon Makhamadalievich Tojibaev
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Red Army

This article describes the establishment of Soviet colonialism in Turkestan, including in the Samarkand region, the insidious policy of the Bolsheviks in the country and the emergence of an armed movement against the Soviet regime. KEY WORDS: the Bolsheviks, the Soviet government, Samarkand, the countryside, the locals, the Korboshi, “basmachilik”, the Red Army.

scholarly journals SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION IN TURKESTAN VILLAGES AFTER THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SOVIET GOVERNMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
Feruza Rakhmanovna Isakova
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Village ◽  
Farm Livestock ◽  
Collective Farms

The article describes the changes that took place in the social structure of the village of Turkestan at the beginning of the establishment of Soviet power, the dominance in agriculture of still individual small peasant farms. Formation of new social strata - collective farms and state farm workers, associated with new economic sectors of the economy - collective farms and state farms. KEY WORDS: village, farmer, farm, livestock, Turkestan, alienation, population, government, industry, poor, middle peasant, rich, religion, apparatus, individual farmer.

scholarly journals Unpleasant Memories: Jasep Vitols during the First Years of the Soviet Power

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-637
Author(s):  
A. D. Malnach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Regime ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Music School ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Musical Education ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Revolution

The article examines the relationship of Jazep Vitols, composer and professor at the Petrograd Conservatory, with the Soviet regime during the first years of its existence in Russia and Latvia. The circumstances of his departure from revolutionary Petrograd in August 1918, which the composer believed to be a temporary absence, are described in detail. At the same time, he allowed himself to get involved in the project of creating a private “Latvian Opera” in Riga. Under this pretext, many Latvian musicians and artists were given the opportunity to leave Soviet Russia, and Vitols also took advantage of this possibility. The composer had no personal conflicts with the Soviet regime, but neither he did sympathize with it. He remained a man of conservative views and did not want to change his usual bourgeois lifestyle. The hardships and inconveniences that arose during the revolution, such as hunger and cold, he perceived as unbearable and associated them with the new government, be it in Petrograd or in Riga. In turn, the Soviet government, represented by the governments of Soviet Russia and Soviet Latvia (January — May 1919), did not see any obstacles to cooperation with the composer in the field of musical education. The Bolshevik government of Soviet Latvia offered him to start organizing a higher music school in Riga (a Conservatory) and, according to some reports, the composer accepted the offer and even proceeded to take organizational measures. However, subsequently, publicly and in his memoirs, he denied the moment of cooperation with the Soviet regime.

PROBLEMS IN THE ACTIVITIES OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES IN THE SYSTEM OF GOVERNANCE IN TURKESTAN (on the example of the Fergana regional police)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Zafarbek Abdullayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Red Army

This article discusses the activities of the police and the «Volunteer Police» in Turkestan in 1924, in particular in the Fergana region, the disruptions in their economic and financial supply, the reduction in the number of police, the allocation of funds and food security problems. It also provides information on the activities of the workers ‘and peasants’ militia in the early years of Soviet power, namely that there were two types of militiamen: state, mainly city militiamen, and volunteer militia. It is noted that the provision of police volunteers is the responsibility of the local population, which, in turn, has a certain «response» in the protection of law and order, the protection of state interests among the population.Index Terms: police, workers and peasants police, Soviet government, “Volunteer police”, supply, “Two weeks of aid”, army, Revolutionary Committee, Red Army, printing, illiteracy

The Oil Deal: Nariman Narimanov and the Sovietization of Azerbaijan

Slavic Review ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-394
Author(s):  
Sara Brinegar
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Soviet History ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Russia

This essay, with a focus on Baku, Azerbaijan, demonstrates that the need to secure and hold energy resources—and the infrastructures that support them—was critical to the formation of the Soviet Union. The Azerbaijani statesman Nariman Narimanov played a pivotal role in the establishment of Soviet power in Azerbaijan by attempting to use Baku's oil to secure prerogatives for the Azerbaijan SSR. In part, Narimanov gained his position by striking a deal with Vladimir Lenin in 1920, an arrangement that I am calling the oil deal. This deal lay the foundations of Soviet power in the south Caucasus. Lenin charged Narimanov with facilitating connections between the industrial stronghold of Baku and the rural countryside of Azerbaijan and Narimanov agreed to do what he could to help supply Soviet Russia with oil. Lenin put Narimanov in charge of the Soviet government of Azerbaijan, with the understanding that he would be granted significant leeway in cultural policies. Understanding the role of the south Caucasus in Soviet history, then, is also understanding how the extraction and use of oil and other natural resources were entangled with more familiar questions of nationalities policy and identity politics.

scholarly journals THE POSITION OF THE SOVIET POWER TO CLERGY DURING OF TOTALITARIANISM FORMATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.V. Dzhumagaliyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Religious Policy ◽  
The Church

From the first days of the establishment of Soviet power, its attitude to religion was determined. The new government separated religion from the state, thereby initially determining its position to the clergy. Having come to power, the Bolsheviks repealed the laws, where peoples were opposed on religious-national grounds. The Orthodox Church took a frankly negative position regarding not only the church poly of the Bolshevik state, but also its entire internal and external poly. At the beginning, the Soviet government treated denominations differentiated. In comparison with the adherents of the Orthodox Church, Muslims were in a slightly more preferred position. The reason was that in Muslim society Islam was not just a religion but a way of life. Violent changes in the traditional way of Muslim peoples could lead to large-scale protests against the new government. But the national and religious life of Muslim peoples did not correspond to the class-political system of Bolshevism. As a result, the communist regime was forced, through aggressive ideological, coercive and repressive measures, to impose its line in the field of national construction and national-religious life. As the religious policy of the Bolsheviks intensified in the regions of the traditional spread of Islam, discontent among Muslim believers increased.

scholarly journals "Release 10 Billion": On the Issue of Financing Soviet Holidays and Anniversaries

2020 ◽  
pp. 529-539
Author(s):  
Elena V. Barysheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Central Committee ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Red Army

The article, based on the materials of the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History and the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, explores the history of financing Soviet state holidays, beginning with the first anniversaries of the October Revolution. The Bolsheviks, realizing the importance of public holidays as an effective tool for legitimizing Soviet power and promoting new spiritual values, allocated significant amounts for their organization even during the economically difficult period of the Civil War. In the early years of the Soviet power, the decoration of cities and demonstrations was rather ascetic, and the money allocated for the holidays was to be used to maintain the authority among the Red Army soldiers. Later, the decoration of cities for the festivities on November 7 and May 1 became more varied. Preparation began in advance, decoration of cities and columns of workers was paid for by the city and district party organizations and by the trade unions. In 1925, among the anniversaries that were planned on a grand scale, was the 20th anniversary of the 1905 Revolution. The article shows how the issue of its financing was resolved. Subsequently, the economic support of festive events, primarily on November 7 and May 1, was assigned to the enterprises. At the same time, the question of expediency of such significant expenses on decorating cities, holiday stands, and columns of workers has been repeatedly raised not only by the holiday organizers, but also by the demonstrations participants. They said that some institutions and senior executives got carried away by enthusiasm for anniversaries, ceremonies, and banquets. The Decree of the Politburo of the Central Committee “On Anniversaries” (1928) peremptorily prohibited organization of anniversaries and celebrations without special permission. In 1938, the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks “On Prevention of Spending Unnecessary Funds in Celebrating May 1, 1938” finally determined the procedure and sources of financing of the Soviet state holidays. This Decision became the basis for all subsequent decisions on financing holiday events.

scholarly journals HISTORICAL MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN NARRATIVE SOURCES.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 620-638
Author(s):  
Alim Tetuev
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Front Line ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
The People ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Local Party

The article examines the memory of the Great Patriotic War in letters, memoirs and literary sources of front-line soldiers and workers of the rear of Kabardino-Balkaria. The state of historiography and sources of the studied problem is analyzed, its relevance is substantiated. The experience of party political and propaganda work of the Main Political Administration of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army and local party and Soviet bodies for educating the Red Army and home front workers in the spirit of Soviet patriotism, national unity, hatred of the German occupiers and belief in victory will be summarized.  The letters and addresses of front-line soldiers to relatives and friends, home front workers, and local party and Soviet authorities were identified and investigated.  The letters and appeals of relatives and friends, home front workers, and local party and Soviet government bodies to front-line soldiers are examined. The reflection of war in the literary sources of the front-line soldiers, which are dedicated to the people of the front and rear, is considered. The analysis of the problem under study showed that the tasks of rallying and mobilizing all forces to achieve victory were characteristic of the consciousness of front-line soldiers and rear in an extreme situation.    

scholarly journals CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE OLD BELIEVERS’ RELIGION IN BURYATIA IN THE 1920S: IMPLEMENTATION METHODS

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Khomyakov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Entire List

Purposeful struggle against religion became one of the most important directions in the ideology of the Soviet country in the 1920s. For Old Believers, who had been living in settlements along the Selenga River (near the City of Verkhneudinsk) since the 1760s, this meant a continuation of the conflict situation in communication and interaction with the contemporary government. The Old Believers, who for decades had been trying to preserve the specifics of the old Orthodox religion, fulfilled the entire list of economic and military duties, but resisted the decisions of the tsarist administration to eliminate the schism (sealing chapels, monitoring the activities of preceptors, conversion in coreligionism etc.). The Soviet power, established in the 1920s in Buryatia, demonstrated continuity in the perception of the Old Believer religion as a problem. Hence, the article sets a task of characterisation of the methods of the struggle of the Soviet government against the Old Believer religion in the 1920s. The goal of the research is an attempt to study the anti-religious campaign of the Bolsheviks in the settlements of the Old Believers of the Buryat-Mongol autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which can complete the ideas about their way of life, the attitude to the authorities in the turning point of the early Soviet power. The object of the study is the Old Believers’ population of the Buryat-Mongol ASSR, the subject is the religious and cultural policy of the Soviet power. In the long-term planning of the Bolsheviks was the complete suppression of the religious worldview among the population rather than elimination of the schism in the Orthodox Church (as before), hence the methods of achieving the goal were completely different – defamation of character of the preceptors, in many ways identical with the practices of working with other religions, promotion ideas that religion is the main reason for their ignorance and lack of freedom, etc., among the Old Believer youth. In the 1920s (in contrast to the next decade of repressive politics) the authorities approached religion with caution, their methods were mainly aimed at creating a negative information background and supporting that part of the Old Believers who sought changes in their lives.

Idea-philosophical direction, B.Vahabzade's creativity, artistic and philosophical thinking

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (06) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Aybəniz Şahin qızı Paşayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article extensively comments on Vahabzadeh's idea of Azerbaijanism during the Soviet era, his desire to see Azerbaijan as one. The Karabakh fire and the January 20 tragedy came to the fore. By emphasizing all this, the content, ethical, moral and artistic philosophical essence of the subject is clarified. The article notes the unity of Azerbaijan, the protests against the Russian Empire and the Soviet regime, which divided our country in two. It also expressed confidence that future generations would be free. The article approaches the topic of history in Vahabzadeh's work from a new perspective. The young generation got acquainted with the historical events related to our past in the poet's work. The article comprehensively analyzes the tragic events that befell our people and homeland. Key words: idea-philosophical direction, B.Vahabzade's creativity, artistic and philosophical thinking

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document