scholarly journals IMPACT OF DEMONETIZATION ON INDIAN ECONOMY - A MICRO LEVEL ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Dr.Honnappa.S
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Reserve Bank ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Reserve Bank Of India

Indian government adopted demonetization on 08 November 2016 to tackle with black money and make India a cashless digital economy. As per the yearly report of Reserve Bank of India of 31 March 2016 that total currency notes in circulation is 16.42 lac crore of old Rs. 500 and Rs.1000 banknotes. As per the report of RBI dated on 14-12-2016, the total amount of old notes of value of Rs. 12.44 lac crore has been deposited by the customers till 10-12-2016. Banks started accepting deposits from 10 November but within a period of 15 days approximately half money has been received by the banks. India is the second most populated country in the world with nearly a fifth of the world's population. Out of the total 121 crore Indians of Indian population, 83.3 crore of population live in rural areas while 37.7 crore stay in urban areas, said the Census of India 2011. As a rural populated country most of the rural population are engaged in agricultural activities as most of the population of rural areas depends on agriculture. Agriculture forms the backbone of the country’s economy. The agricultural sector like forestry, logging and fishing accounted for 17% of the GDP contributes most to the overall economic development of India KEY WORDS: Demonetization, Cashless Transactions, , tax evasion, Cash Crunch, Digital Economy.

Evaluation of Financial Inclusion Index for accessing Banking Technology through Rural Population from the States of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Dr.M. Bhuvana
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Reserve Bank ◽  
Reserve Bank Of India

Reserve bank of India has described the term Financial Inclusion as the sequence of activities that has taken place in proving financial services to the most vulnerable people in country at a very low affordable cost. The financial services like assess to financial products such as small deposits and savings, providing basic credit requirements through formal financial institutions like post offices, banks, microfinance institutions and banks. Rural people faces may issues and challenges in using financial products and services to meet their basic needs. Hence this research study has done an analysis to evaluate index of financial inclusion for various states of India with four different types of dimensions like Penetration of Bank Branches in rural areas, Credit Penetration, Deposit and Penetration of Insurance Companies in the rural regions of all the states of India. Different resources namely the website of Reserve Bank of India, Census 2011 data, articles and journals has been utilized to gather the secondary data for the study. The dimensions such as deposit, credit, insurance company penetration and bank branch penetration in rural areas of different states of India has been measured by accessing multidimensional approach to examine financial inclusion index 2018. From the research study, it is found that the states Puducherry, Daman & Diu, Chandigarh and Goa has Financial Inclusion at below average level (between 35-50) and the remaining states in India has financial inclusion at very low level in rural areas (Below 35).As concerned with rural population many states in India has financial inclusion at below average and lower level. The concern authorities from Indian Government should examine those states that are highly eliminated from accessing banking services to restructure the position of financial inclusion

scholarly journals Application of Gronroos’ Service Quality Model in Co-Operative Banks : An Exploratory

2020 ◽  
pp. 339-345
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Reserve Bank ◽  
Banking Business ◽  
Cooperative Banks ◽  
Reserve Bank Of India

Bank plays an important role in Indian Financial system. The business of banking can grow with attracting and retaining customers. Financial business works more on retaining old customers rather than convincing new customers. In India, there is cut throat competition in Banking business as there are many public, private and foreign banks. Banks in India functions under the Umbrella of Reserve Bank of India which is the regulatory body. Banking segment broadly consists of Commercial Banks, Private Banks & Cooperative banks. Cooperative banks in India serve an important role in Indian Economy especially in rural areas of our country. In urban areas focus of Cooperative banks is mainly to serve the purpose of small industries and self-employed people. Cooperative Banks are regulated by Reserve Bank of India under Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and registered under urban cooperative Society Act, 1949. They are organized and managed on the principal of co-operation. Mutual trust and confidence are the pillars of Cooperative banks to work in local areas. The main objective of co-operative bank is to provide rural credit. The representation of Co-operative Credit Societies Act, 1904, gave the real push to the movement of Cooperative Banks in India. Co-operative Bank in India has a history of more than 100 years.

scholarly journals CONDITION AND MAIN DIRECTIONS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT IN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY OF RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Петр Акмаров ◽  
Petr Akmarov ◽  
Миршарип Газетдинов ◽  
Mirsharip Gazetdinov ◽  
Ольга Князева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Government

The description of the main characteristics of the modern stage of development of information technology and global trends in digitalization is given. A brief information is given on the state of informatization in Russia as a whole, as well as in the country’s agriculture. A comparative analysis of the level of digitalization in rural areas and urban districts is given, the main reasons for the differences are highlighted. The necessity of information technologies development in the agricultural sector of the economy, as a factor in ensuring the country’s food security and a factor in the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products, is substantiated. The features of intellectual agriculture, its benefits for producers and for the population are shown. The dynamics of innovative technologies development is given based on the digital economy in recent years with the release of lagging branches of the agro-industrial complex. The regional differentiation of digitalization of the economy among the population is shown, the interrelation of the informatization level of the population with the development of innovative technologies in the economy of the region is shown. Using the example of cellular communication development, the convergence of digitalization level in cities and villages of the country has been proved. The main problems hindering the information technologies development in agriculture and new solutions adopted at the level of the President and the Government of Russia on the development of informatization are highlighted. The most promising areas of agricultural transformation are shown, focused on the digitization of various aspects of the industry and infrastructure production and sales.

RESURRECTION OF THE PRIVATE MICRO-ENTERPRISES IN CHINA: EXPERIENCE IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS

1995 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 293-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
EBEL WICKRAMANAYAKE ◽  
YAFANG CHEN ◽  
MING WEN
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Socialist Market Economy ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Capital Access ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Micro Enterprises

The People's Republic of China initiated a reform programme in late 1970s to move from a socialist to a socialist market economy. The unemployment in urban areas and poor performances of the agricultural sector prompted to a great extent the introduction of reforms which paved the way for the resurrection of private micro-enterprises both in urban and rural areas. A comparison of the characteristics of these enterprises such as entrepreneurship, sources of capital, access to land and sites, technology, sources of raw materials, labour utilisation, type of activities and internal capital accumulation highlights their similarities and differences.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Dana Desa di Kecamatan Balong Kabupaten Ponorogo

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Maretha Berlianantiya Muhammad Ridwan Eka Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

<p><em>Poverty often occurs in rural areas rather than urban areas, low education which results in low quality of human resources and lack of access is often the cause of rural poverty. In addition, most of the economies of rural communities rely solely on the traditional agricultural sector. Various poverty reduction policies have been implemented, including village fund policies. This study aims to examine the management of village funds in the Balong sub-district of Madiun Regency with a case study in the villages of Tatung and Karangmojo villages covering the management of village funds in Tatung village and Karangmojo village. Balong Subdistrict and the impact of empowerment in the villages of Tatung and Karangmojo, Balong District. This research was conducted in Balong Subdistrict, Ponorogo Regency with a Case study in Tatung Village and Karangmojo Village with qualitative methods. In the village of Tatung village funds are managed as tourist villages with a focus on Paragliding tourist rides. Whereas in Karangmojo village it is used for Bumdes in the form of Lovebird birds, providing Gapoktan assistance, and infrastructure development.</em></p>

Helping farmers only partly eases India’s rural crisis

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shadow Banks ◽  
Reserve Bank ◽  
Bharatiya Janata Party ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Bihar State ◽  
Reserve Bank Of India

Significance A key factor in the sharp fall is decreasing consumption, especially in rural areas. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has sought to raise farmer incomes, but only a minority of the rural population farms for a living. Impacts Elections in Bihar state towards the end of this year will likely be preceded by farmer protests over economic hardship. Across India, landowning castes will increasingly demand education and employment opportunities away from rural areas. The Reserve Bank of India will further reform banks and shadow banks as part of efforts to address their high ratios of bad loans.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Measurement and Dietary Pattern of Rural Farmers in Osisioma Ngwa Local Government Area Abia State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Oguizu ◽  
Joy Orinkpa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Crop Farming

AbstractIntroductionIn Nigeria, up to 70 percent of the populations are employed in the agricultural sector. Majority of the farmers are in the rural area (Khayesi, 2001). Poverty in rural areas is much more widespread than in urban areas. A high proportion of poor households consist of farmers who depend on agriculture as a primary food and livelihood source. Malnutrition is widespread in the entire country and rural areas are especially vulnerable to chronic food shortage, unbalanced nutrition, poor quality and high cost of food (Akinyele, 2009).ObjectivesThe specific objectives were to: (i) obtain information about the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers; (ii) assess the dietary pattern of the rural farmers using food frequency questionnaire. (iii) obtain the anthropometric measurements of the rural farmers; (iv) compare dietary pattern and anthropometric data of the farmers.Materials and MethodsFour hundred and fifty farmers were randomly selected from the list of registered farmers in Osisioma L.G.A. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio economic and dietary pattern of farmers. Anthropometric measurements were obtained using standardized procedures. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for data analysis.ResultsResult show that 62.5% were males and 37.5% females. About 62.5% were between 40–50 years while only 1% was less than 30 years. About 12% of the farmers were underweight, 26% were overweight and 3% were obese. Results on dietary practices showed that less than half (45%) of the farmers' source of nutrition information came from the community health workers. Large number of the population (65%) reported a poor feeding practice and 76.4% skipped meals, which is an unhealthy nutritional practice. Majority (84.7%) also indicated not to have enough resources for family feeding. Farming activity revealed majority (86%) practiced crop farming with cassava (48.4%), garden egg (46.8%), maize/Oka (46.8%) and pumpkin/Ugu (37.5%) as the most farm produce of income. Bread, rice and maize were the most consumed cereal. Garri/fufu topped the most consumed root and tuber food produce. Seasonal variation affected fruit consumption with paw-paw (65.7%), orange (48.5%) and mango (55.0%) being the most consumed fruits.ConclusionThis study showed poor participation of youths in farming. Farmers in the study location majorly engaged in crop farming of cassava, maize and vegetables, this led to a high consumption of cassava and maize products.

scholarly journals UPI Challenges and Direction in Fund Management with Special Reference Banking Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1588-1593
Author(s):  
S.V. Muralidhara
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Fund Management ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Reserve Bank ◽  
The Government ◽  
Digital Transactions ◽  
Reserve Bank Of India

Abstract: After demonetization, there was a massive requirement for currency notes, but the government was unable to provide the required quantity of currency notes, and also Indian government wanted to promote cashless transactions. UPI is built over Immediate Payment Service (IMPS) for transferring funds using Virtual Payment Address (a unique ID provided by the bank). Unified Payments Interface is a payment system launched by (NPCI), which is National Payments Corporation of India, and is regulated by the (RBI) Reserve Bank of India, which provides the facility of instant fund transfer between two bank accounts online through payment apps. Digital transactions by UPI have been made very easy. The UPI service is available 24X7, and it is not like RTGS and NEFT, which do not work on holidays and non-banking hours. This will bring tremendous efficiency to the system and help India become a cashless economy. Keywords: Digital illiteracy, Online payments, cashless economy UPI, Mobile phone, digital payment mode

scholarly journals Conceptualizing of Rural Settlements Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-21
Author(s):  
A. A. Satybaldin ◽  
A. T. Tleuberdinova ◽  
X. V. Kulik
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Wide Range

The problem of territorial development is quite relevant for countries that cause a wide range of development issues: a low level of quality of life, underdeveloped infrastructure, migration of the working-age population to urban areas, etc. countryside. Certain difficulties in the development of rural areas are currently characteristic of Kazakhstan, 41 percent of whose population lives in rural areas. In recent years, there has been a stable trend of the outflow of the rural population, mainly young people, to the cities. The main reason for this phenomenon is dissatisfaction with the living conditions in the countryside. Rural areas of the country are characterized by low incomes of the population, underdeveloped transport infrastructure, lack of many utilities, insufficient provision of social services (health, education, culture).This situation cannot but worry the country’s leadership, since it has a multi-vector impact on the socio-economic development of Kazakhstan: food self-sufficiency of the country’s regions, the export potential of the agricultural sector, and the balanced structure of the economy. In this connection, there is a need for a detailed solution of problems and the search for their ways, methods and mechanisms for achieving goals. According to the authors of the article, the proposed author’s model can become a basis for optimal development of the country.The authors analyzed the existing definitions of “development”, “rural areas”, “development of rural areas”, gave their own formulation of the definition of the development of rural areas. Based on the study of foreign experience, important aspects of rural development policy have been identified, the authors have proposed mechanisms by which rural development can be implemented.The article focuses on the importance of interaction between all stakeholders interested in the development of rural areas.The purpose of this article is to develop the author’s conceptual model for the development of rural areas based on a theoretical review of existing definitions.The results of the research - the author’s definition and the proposed conceptual model are of interest both for scientific research in this area and for practical programs for rural development.

scholarly journals Herbal Production in the Turkish Agricultural Sector

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Durgun
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Market Price ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Price Support ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Agricultural Support ◽  
New Policies

Agricultural production depends on natural conditions. All the countries try to stabilize and increase the food supply for communities. For this reason, the agriculture sector, support policies analyzed and conducted well. In agricultural support policies, there are different objectives like raising farm incomes, production and productivity. In Turkey, agricultural is very important. Because certain part of the population of Turkey live in rural areas. There are agricultural activities. They support those living in urban areas, especially in times of crisis. People living in rural areas, as well as food and labor force ready for those living in urban areas. In 2001 is an important milestone in Turkish agricultural policies. Before 2001, agricultural support policies consisted of mainly market price support, credit support and input subsidies. New policies started to be implemented after 2001. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of success in the new agricultural support policies in the context of the agreement with the European Union. We tried to find the best way to deal with the current main problems of Turkish Agricultural Sector in last year's.

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