scholarly journals CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RECURRENT OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS IN CHILDREN

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
М G Lukashevich ◽  
L P Siziakina ◽  
A A Savisko
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Lymphocyte Subpopulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Immunological Examination ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Two Age Groups

Background. The aim of the study is to evaluate immunopathogenic mechanisms of lower respiratory tract reobstructions and to develop diagnostic, treatment and prophylaxis mechanisms of this syndrome and transformation to BA. Methods. 78 children with repeated episodes of obstructive bronchitis (OB) and 30 conditionally healthy children, formed a control group, were examined. Both groups of children were divided into two age groups — under 3 years old and older than 3 years old. All the patients underwent immunological examination. Results. The longer and heavier course of OB episodes, accompanied by the disturbance of ripening and, in less degree, differentiation of T-lymphocyte subpopulation, decreasing of readiness for apoptosis were revealed in 3 years old patients. In the age group older than 3 years old the OB episodes were taking their course easier, started at the earlier age, repeated more often, were accompanied by decreasing of CD4 +-lymphocytes, decreasing of early activation processes, intensification of late activation processes. Conclusion. The revealed peculiarities testify to heterogeneity of children groups with repeated OB episodes and make working out individual rehabilitation programs necessary.

scholarly journals Indicators of vitamin D in case of Coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
A.G. Hasanov ◽  
◽  
I.E. Huseinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Subgroup Ii ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Purpose — to determine and compare vitamin D levels in children diagnosed with COVID-19-associated pneumonia and healthy children. Materials and methods. The study involved 90 children. The main group consisted of 75 inpatient children with a diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pneumonia (positive PCR — polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription). Patients in the main group were divided into 2 subgroups: subgroup I consisted of 49 patients with a pneumonia of moderate course, and subgroup II — 26 patients with a pneumonia of severe course. The control group consisted of 15 practically healthy children. The scheme of examination of sick children included anamnestic data, the use of clinical, instrumental and laboratory, immunological examination methods. The concentration of vitamin D in the blood serum of sick and healthy children was determined by the method of enzyme3linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The indicators were measured on a Stat Fax 4700 device using a Pishqaman reactive kit (made in Germany). Results. The concentration of vitamin D in blood serum was 1.8 times lower in subgroup I and 2.0 times in subgroup II, compared with the control group. The average values of vitamin D in blood serum compared with the control group were <1.1 times lower in the age group <1 year, 1.1 times lower in the age group 1–3 years, and 2.3 times lower in the age group >3 years. Conclusions. Based on our research, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19. Thus, the average level of vitamin D was lower in children with COVID-19-associated pneumonia, and varied depending on the severity of the disease (more pronounced changes were observed in severe pneumonia). There are also differences in vitamin D levels in the age groups of children with COVID-19-associated pneumonia: in children from age groups under 1 year and 1–3 years old the decrease in serum vitamin D level is less pronounced than in the age group over 3 years old. The main mechanisms of vitamin D involvement in the immune modulation process in COVID-19 require further study. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: children, COVID-19, vitamin D.

scholarly journals Effect of Enterobius vermicularis parasite on IgE antibody levels among children in Al- Diwaniyah City, middle Iraq.

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manar Hamid ◽  
Ali B. M. Al-Waaly
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Ige Antibody ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
Antibody Levels

The aim of this study was to detect the concentration of IgE antibody in children infected with Enterobius vermicularis and healthy children as a control group by using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The results indicated that there was an increase in the concentration of IgE antibody levels in people with E. vermicularis parasite with an average of (227.08 IU) compared to the control group, and the study of elevation ratios for age, where the results showed that the lowest increase in IgE antibody was recorded in the age group 1-3 years. The highest increase was recorded in the age group between 7-9 years with an average of (306.84 IU). The results of the statistical analysis showed very significant differences indicating a higher level of IgE among people with E. vermicularis parasite compared to the control group at a probability level of 0.05. The results of the statistical analysis through the use of the F-test showed no significant differences between the high antibody IgE in children with E. vermicularis parasite depending on age groups.

scholarly journals LINEA ALBA COLLAGEN ASSESSMENT IN MORBIDLY OBESE PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
João Vicente Machado GROSSI ◽  
Felipe Fernandes NICOLA ◽  
Ivan Alberto ZEPEDA ◽  
Martina BECKER ◽  
Eduardo Neubarth TRINDADE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Linea Alba

ABSTRACT Background: The evaluation of collagen in the abdominal wall has been increasingly studied because of the relevance on collagen in the healing process after laparotomy. Aim: To evaluate the amount of collagen in the linea alba of patients undergoing laparotomic bariatric surgery and comparing with non-obese cadavers. Methods: Were evaluated 88 samples of aponeurosis from abdominal linea alba of 44 obese patients (obesity group) and 44 non-obese cadavers (control group). The samples were collected in 2013 and 2104, and were sorted according to age (18-30, 31-45 and 46-60), gender, BMI, waist and cervical circumference, and subcutaneous tissue thickness. Material for biopsy was collected from the supraumbilical region of the linea alba for immunohistochemical analysis differentiating collagen type 1 and type 3 and the 1/3 ratio. Image-Pro Plus pixel counting software was used to measure the amount of collagen. Results: The obesity group evidenced mean age 44.11±9.90 years; 18-30 age group had three (6.8%) obese individuals; 31-45 had 22 (50%) and 46-60 had 19 (43.1%). Females were present in 81.8% (n=36); BMI (kg/m²) was 48.81±6.5; waist circumference (cm) was 136.761±13.55; subcutaneous tissue thickness (cm) 4.873±0.916. Considering age groups, gender and BMI, there were statistical differences in all tests when compared with the cadavers. Conclusion: The amount of collagen in the linea alba above the umbilical region in the morbidly obese patients was smaller than in the non-obese cadavers in the same age group.

scholarly journals QT Interval Changes in Children With Febrile Convulsion Comparing With Healthy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Alireza Teimouri ◽  
◽  
Noor Mohammad Noori ◽  
Ali Khajeh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qt Interval ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Febrile Convulsion ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pediatric Cardiologist ◽  
Control Study

A temperature-related seizure is a febrile seizure that affects the QT interval. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the QT interval caused by febrile convulsion compared with healthy children. Method This case-control study considered the distribution of 180 children equally shared between patients and controls. The study was conducted at the "Ali Ebne Abi Talib" Hospital in Zahedan, Iran. The disease diagnosed and confirmed based on standard definitions of febrile convulsion. QT interval measured by ECG and interpreted by a pediatric cardiologist and collected data were analyzed with SPSS 19 considering 0.05 as significant error. Results Among the ECG parameters, HR, R in aVL, S in V3, LVM, QTd, QTc and QTcd were significantly different in children with febrile convulsion compared to the peers. From those who had abnormal QTd, FC children were more frequented but not significant (CHI SQUARE=1.053, p=0.248), when children with FC were more in abnormality regarding QTc (CHI SQUARE=13.032, p<0.001) and QTcd (CHI SQUARE=21.6, P<0.001) significantly. In children with FC, those who were aged less than 12 months, had the highest level of HR but not significant (CHI SQUARE=4.59, p=0.101). Similar trends occurred for R in aVL and S in V3 that were higher in the age group >24 months (p>0.05). LVM had the highest value in the age group of >24 months significantly (CHI SQUARE= 52.674, P<0.001) and the other QT parameters were same in Fc children with different age groups (P>0.05). Conclusion From the study concluded that dispersion corrected QT, corrected QT and dispersion QT changed significantly in children with febrile convulsion in comparing with the healthy children but with constant values in children with FC in different age groups.

scholarly journals Comparison of esophageal motility impairment caused by Chagas' disease in two age groups

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Oliveira Dantas ◽  
Lilian Rose Otoboni Aprile
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Esophageal Motility ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Upper Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Lower Amplitude ◽  
Two Age Groups

BACKGROUND: Chagas' disease and the aging process cause loss of neurons of the esophageal myenteric plexus. AIM: To evaluate the esophageal motility impairment caused by Chagas' disease in two age groups. Our hypothesis was that the aging process may cause further esophageal motility impairment in patients with Chagas' disease. METHODS: We studied the esophageal motility of 30 patients with Chagas' disease and dysphagia, with esophageal retention of barium sulfate and an esophageal diameter within the normal range. Fifteen were 34 to 59 years old (younger group, median 51 years) and 15 were 61 to 77 years old (older group, median 66 years). As a control group we studied 15 subjects aged 33 to 58 years (median 42 years) and 7 subjects aged 61 to 73 years (median 66 years). The esophageal contractions were measured by the manometric method with continuous perfusion after five swallows of a 5 mL bolus of water at 2, 7, 12 and 17 cm below the upper esophageal sphincter. RESULTS: Patients with Chagas' disease had lower amplitude of contractions and fewer peristaltic, more simultaneous, and more non-conducted contractions than controls. Older patients with Chagas' disease had lower amplitude of contractions in the distal esophagus (mean ± SE: 30.8 ± 4.3 mm Hg) than younger patients (51.9 ± 8.6 mm Hg). From 12 to 17 cm, older patients had more non-conducted (41%) and fewer peristaltic (8%) contractions than younger patients (non-conducted: 16%, peristaltic: 21%). CONCLUSION: Older patients with Chagas' disease with clinical and radiological examinations similar to those of younger patients had motility alterations suggesting that the aging process may cause further deterioration of esophageal motility.

scholarly journals Oral Contraceptives Provide Protection against Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears: A National Database Study of 165,748 Female Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0035
Author(s):  
Steven F. DeFroda ◽  
Steven Louis Bokshan ◽  
Samantha Worobey ◽  
Lauren Ready ◽  
Alan H. Daniels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Database ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Acl Tear ◽  
Chi Squared

Objectives: ACL tears are more prevalent in females than males. One of the factors responsible for this may be the variation in levels of estrogen and progesterone. The purpose of this study was to query a large nationwide database to determine the potentially protective effects of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) on ACL tears. We hypothesized that females taking OCPs would exhibit ACL tears at lower rates than a matched population of patients not taking OCPs. Methods: The PearlDiver database (www.pearldiverinc.com, Fort Wayne, IN) was queried for all OCP users amongst females aged 15-49. Female experiencing an ACL tear and undergoing surgery (CPT 29888) were compared to a control group of females undergoing surgery for an ACL tear, but not on OCPs. Patients were matched by age and Charlson comorbidity score. Chi-squared testing was used to assess for significant differences in the rate of ACL tears for the OCP and non-OCP users, according to age groups broken down into age intervals of 5 years. Results: There were a total 82,874 patients in both the OCP and non-OCP groups. There were a total of 569 (0.69%) ACL tears in the non-OCP group and 465 (0.56%) in the OCP group (p<0.001). In the non-OCP group, patients aged 15-19 accounted for 29.35% of all ACL tears, whereas, in the OCP group, this same age group only accounted for 13.33% of ACL tears. Among all age groups, the odds ratios for experiencing an ACL tear while on OCP was 0.82 (χ2=0.001, 95% CI 0.72-0.92) (Figure 1) compared to not using OCP. This protective effect was driven primarily by the 15-19 age group (odds ratio 0.37 (χ2<0.001, 95% CI 0.27-0.50)). Conclusion: This investigation utilizing a large national database found that usage of OCPs was associated with an 18% decrease in the risk of ACL tear when compared to a matched population of patients with ACL tears not taking OCPs. These findings were in line with smaller studies which demonstrated similar results. Additionally, it was shown that OCPs were most protective in the 15-19 year old age group, with a 63% reduction in tears in this group. Ongoing randomized trials in patients without ACL tear could help to demonstrate further clinical evidence for OCP usage as a way to modify risk factors for ACL tear. While clinical evidence is limited, there should be strong consideration for OCP usage in elite high school and college aged athletes, especially those who are at risk of ACL tear.

scholarly journals Dynamic Smile Visualization and Quantification in different age groups

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Harshitha V. ◽  
M.S. Ravi ◽  
Reshma Raveendran ◽  
Raed Saeed ◽  
Kiran Kumar C.
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Buccal Corridor ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Two Age Groups

Abstract Aims and Objectives: To assess the posed and dynamic smile and to compare the various attributes of smile in frontal, oblique and sagittal dimensions, in two different age groups (10- 15years and 18-25 years). Materials and Methods: The posed and dynamic smile parameters were measured using digital video clips in 80 subjects of two different age groups (10-15years and 18-25 years). Total of 15 parameters were studied in 3 planes of space. The data was analysed using student`s t-test to compare smile parameters across the age groups, paired t-test was used to analyse the parameters of posed and unposed smile within the same age group and chi-square test was performed for the discrete data. Results: The present study revealed significant differences in dynamic smile parameters between the two age groups. The parameters like Philtrum height and Smile index are more in older age group whereas the buccal corridor was more in younger age group. Significant differences were also recorded in various parameters in both the groups when the posted smile is compared with that of the dynamic smile. Conclusion: In both the age groups, the dynamic and posed smile attributes are significantly different, except for buccal corridor and interlabial gap.

Character introductions in oral narratives of Swedish–German bilingual preschoolers

2020 ◽  
pp. 014272371989744
Author(s):  
Josefin Lindgren ◽  
Valerie Reichardt ◽  
Ute Bohnacker
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Morphological Form ◽  
Information Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Old Swedish ◽  
As Effects ◽  
Two Age Groups

Closely related Swedish and German both mark information status of referents morphologically, though little is known about its acquisition. This study investigates character introductions in the narratives of 4- and 6-year-old Swedish–German bilinguals ( N = 40) in both languages, elicited with MAIN Cat/Dog. We analyse effects of age group, language and animacy (human vs nonhuman characters) on the type of referring expression (indefinite NP and pronoun), as well as effects of language proficiency and exposure on the use of indefinite NPs for each language. We also explore which syntactic constructions indefinite NPs occur in. A significant difference was found between the two age groups, but not between languages. No effect was found of language skills or exposure. Four-year-olds used more pronouns and a lower proportion of indefinite NPs than 6-year-olds. Pronouns were more frequent for the human character than for nonhuman animate characters. Whilst animacy (humanness) promoted the use of pronouns, it did not affect the choice of morphological form for lexical NPs (indefinite/definite). The age groups differed in how indefinite NPs were used. Four-year-olds produced fewer narrative presentations (where a character is introduced as part of a typical story opening, e.g. Once upon a time there was a cat) than 6-year-olds, and more labellings (with only an NP, or a clausal predicative, e.g. That’s a cat). Qualitative analyses suggest that the children’s indefinite NPs in labelling constructions can be both referential (when setting the narrative scene), and type-denoting (when naming referents in individual pictures). Whilst the children’s abilities to introduce story characters develop measurably from 4 to 6 years in Swedish and German, appropriateness of character introductions not only depends on whether an indefinite NP is chosen, but also on the syntactic construction this indefinite NP is used in.

scholarly journals Placental Vascular Obstructive Lesions: Risk Factor for Developing Necrotizing Enterocolitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laure Dix ◽  
Matthias Roth-Kleiner ◽  
Maria-Chiara Osterheld
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe neonatal disease affecting particularly preterm infants. Its exact pathogenesis still remains unknown. In this study, we have compared the prevalence of vascular obstructive lesions in placentae of premature newborns which developed NEC and of a control group. We further compared separately the findings of placentae of infants of less than 30 weeks of gestation, the age group in which NEC occurs most frequently. We found signs of fetal vascular obstructive lesions in 65% of the placentae of preterm patients developing NEC, compared to only 17% of the placentae of preterm patients in the control group. In the age groups below 30 weeks of gestation, 58.5% of placentae of later NEC patients presented such lesions compared to 24.5% in the control group. The significant difference between NEC and control group suggests a strong association between fetal vascular obstructive lesions and NEC. Therefore, we propose that fetal vascular obstructive lesions might be considered as a risk factor for the development of NEC in premature infants.

scholarly journals Pancreatic Surgery in the Older Population: A Single Institution’s Experience over Two Decades

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaumik Brahmbhatt ◽  
Abhishek Bhurwal ◽  
Frank J. Lukens ◽  
Mauricia A. Buchanan ◽  
John A. Stauffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Resection ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pancreatic Resections ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Younger Patient ◽  
Two Age Groups

Objectives. Surgery is the most effective treatment for pancreatic cancer. However, present literature varies on outcomes of curative pancreatic resection in the elderly. The objective of the study was to evaluate age as an independent risk factor for 90-day mortality and complications after pancreatic resection. Methods. Nine hundred twenty-nine consecutive patients underwent 934 pancreatic resections between March 1995 and July 2014 in a tertiary care center. Primary analyses focused on outcomes in terms of 90-day mortality and postoperative complications after pancreatic resection in these two age groups. Results. Even though patients aged 75 years or older had significantly more postoperative morbidities compared with the younger patient group, the age group was not associated with increased risk of 90-day mortality after pancreatic resection. Discussion. The study suggests that age alone should not preclude patients from undergoing curative pancreatic resection.

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