scholarly journals Expired air nitric oxide in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with different disease course

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
G B Fedoseev ◽  
V I Trofimov ◽  
V G Timchik ◽  
K V Negrutsa ◽  
T S Razumovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Airways Inflammation ◽  
Expired Air

Expired air nitric oxide was measured in 113 subjects (26 healthy controls, 64 bronchial asthma (BA) patients and 23 COPD patients. In BA patients 10 had mild course of the disease. In 50 the course was estimated as moderate, 4 patients had severe course of the disease. In 20 patients BA was associated with COPD. The results revealed the dependence of FeNO on following factors: severity of the disease: in severe and moderate BA course FeNO was significantly higher than in mild BA; on phase of the disease: in exacerbation FeNO was significantly higher than in remission; on control of the disease: in patients, in whom it was difficult to reach the disease control, FeNO was higher than in others. In COPD patients FeNO was significantly lower than in BA ones. Even in subjects with marked airways inflammation manifested by high sputum cellularity FeNO was low.

Low levels of nitric oxide and carbon monoxide in α1-antitrypsin deficiency

2002 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 2038-2043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto F. Machado ◽  
James K. Stoller ◽  
Daniel Laskowski ◽  
Shuo Zheng ◽  
Joseph A. Lupica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
At Deficiency ◽  
Noninvasive Markers

Quantitations of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) have been proposed as noninvasive markers of airway inflammation. We hypothesized that exhaled CO is increased in individuals with α1-antitrypsin (AT) deficiency, who have lung inflammation and injury related to oxidative and proteolytic processes. Nineteen individuals with α1-AT deficiency, 22 healthy controls, and 12 patients with non-α1-AT-deficient chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had NO, CO, CO2, and O2 measured in exhaled breath. Individuals with α1-AT deficiency had lower levels of NO and CO than control or COPD individuals. α1-AT-deficient and COPD patients had lower exhaled CO2 than controls, although only α1-AT-deficient patients had higher exhaled O2 than healthy controls. NO was correlated inversely with exhaled O2 and directly with exhaled CO2, supporting a role for NO in regulation of gas exchange. Exhaled gases were not significantly related to corticosteroid use or lung function. Demonstration of lower than normal CO and NO levels may be useful as an additional noninvasive method to evaluate α1-AT deficiency in individuals with a severe, early onset of obstructive lung disease.

scholarly journals Sputum characteristics and evaluation of airways inflammation peculiarities in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
G B Fedoseev ◽  
V I Trofimov ◽  
K V Negrutsa ◽  
V G Timchik ◽  
E E Zueva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Respiratory Function Tests ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Burst Intensity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Level ◽  
Cellular Phenotypes ◽  
Functional Defects ◽  
Airways Inflammation

Background. The aim of the study was to investigate cellular phenotypes of the spontaneous sputum, estimate possibilities of cytological sputum analysis in evaluation of airways inflammation peculiarities in comparison with the expired nitric oxide level and respiratory function tests. Materials and methods. functional properties of neutrophils were evaluated by respiratory burst intensity. 72 patients were included, 23 - with moderate bronchial asthma course and chronic bronchitis, 18 - with moderate bronchial asthma and COPD, 31 patient had COPD only. All patients were examined in the exacerbation period, all of them had productive cough. Results. Cytological phenotypes were stated as well as the links between different sputum cells presence and between cytological peculiarities, inflammation and functional state of the respiratory system. Functional defects of neutrophils were found in COPD patients.

Clinical and functional peculiarities at patients with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and overlap of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
V. I. Trofimov ◽  
D. Z. Baranov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Lower Airways

BACKGROUND: a comparative analysis of laboratory and instrumental tests at patients with bronchial obstructive diseases seems very actual due to the wide prevalence of these diseases. THE AIM: to evaluate characteristics of spirometry as well as allergic (total IgE, sputum eosinophils) and infectious (blood and sputum leucocytes, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen) inflammation markers at patients with bronchial obstructive diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 104 case histories of patients with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and overlap were analyzed including age, duration of smoking (pack-years), laboratory (clinical blood test, biochemical blood test, general sputum analysis, sputum culture) and instrumental (spirometry, body plethysmography, echocardiography) tests. Data were processed statistically with non-parametric methods. RESULTS: COPD patients were older than other groups’ patients, had the highest pack-years index. ACO patients were marked with maximal TLC and Raw, minimal FEV1, FEF25-75, FEV1/FVC. Patients with COPD had the highest inflammation markers (leucocyte count, CRP, fibrinogen). CONCLUSION: high active inflammation may cause severe lower airways possibility disorders at patients with COPD. Data related to a possible role of K. pneumoniaе in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic inflammation in lower airways are of significant interest. Patients with ACO occupy an intermediate position between asthma and COPD patients based on clinical and functional features.

scholarly journals Neuromorphic on-chip recognition of saliva samples of COPD and healthy controls using memristive devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouya Soltani Zarrin ◽  
Finn Zahari ◽  
Mamathamba K. Mahadevaiah ◽  
Eduardo Perez ◽  
Hermann Kohlstedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
On Chip

AbstractChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a life-threatening lung disease, affecting millions of people worldwide. Implementation of Machine Learning (ML) techniques is crucial for the effective management of COPD in home-care environments. However, shortcomings of cloud-based ML tools in terms of data safety and energy efficiency limit their integration with low-power medical devices. To address this, energy efficient neuromorphic platforms can be used for the hardware-based implementation of ML methods. Therefore, a memristive neuromorphic platform is presented in this paper for the on-chip recognition of saliva samples of COPD patients and healthy controls. Results of its performance evaluations showed that the digital neuromorphic chip is capable of recognizing unseen COPD samples with accuracy and sensitivity values of 89% and 86%, respectively. Integration of this technology into personalized healthcare devices will enable the better management of chronic diseases such as COPD.

scholarly journals Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Have Increased Levels of Plasma Inflammatory Mediators Reported Upregulated in Severe COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Acevedo ◽  
Jose Miguel Escamilla-Gil ◽  
Héctor Espinoza ◽  
Ronald Regino ◽  
Jonathan Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19, but the mechanisms are unclear. Besides, patients with severe COVID-19 have been reported to have increased levels of several immune mediators.MethodsNinety-two proteins were quantified in 315 plasma samples from 118 asthmatics, 99 COPD patients and 98 healthy controls (age 40-90 years), who were recruited in Colombia before the COVID-19 pandemic. Protein levels were compared between each disease group and healthy controls. Significant proteins were compared to the gene signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection reported in the “COVID-19 Drug and Gene Set Library” and with experimentally tested protein biomarkers of severe COVID-19.ResultsForty-one plasma proteins showed differences between patients and controls. Asthmatic patients have increased levels in IL-6 while COPD patients have a broader systemic inflammatory dysregulation driven by HGF, OPG, and several chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CX3CL1, CXCL1, MCP-3, MCP-4, CCL3, CCL4 and CCL11). These proteins are involved in chemokine signaling pathways related with response to viral infections and some, were found up-regulated upon SARS-CoV-2 experimental infection of Calu-3 cells as reported in the COVID-19 Related Gene Sets database. An increase of HPG, CXCL9, CXCL10, IL-6, MCP-3, TNF and EN-RAGE has also been experimentally detected in patients with severe COVID-19.ConclusionsCOPD patients have altered levels of plasma proteins that have been reported increased in patients with severe COVID-19. Our study suggests that COPD patients have a systemic dysregulation in chemokine networks (including HGF and CXCL9) that could make them more susceptible to severe COVID-19. Also, that IL-6 levels are increased in some asthmatic patients (especially in females) and this may influence their response to COVID-19. The findings in this study depict a novel panel of inflammatory plasma proteins in COPD patients that may potentially associate with increased susceptibility to severe COVID-19 and might be useful as a biomarker signature after future experimental validation.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Blood Glutathione Redox State in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1146
Author(s):  
Salvatore Sotgia ◽  
Panagiotis Paliogiannis ◽  
Elisabetta Sotgiu ◽  
Sabrina Mellino ◽  
Elisabetta Zinellu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Copd Patients

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the blood concentrations of the total and reduced forms of the low-molecular-weight antioxidant thiol glutathione (GSH) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in comparison to healthy individuals. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception until June 2020. In the 18 studies identified (involving a total of 974 COPD patients and 631 healthy controls), the pooled reduced GSH concentrations were significantly lower in patients with COPD than controls (SMD  =  −3.04, 95% CI = −4.42 to −1.67; p  <  0.001). By contrast, the pooled total GSH concentrations were significantly higher in patients with COPD than controls (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.73; p = 0.009). Our meta-analysis showed that the blood concentrations of reduced GSH, even in the presence of higher total GSH concentrations, were significantly lower in patients with COPD when compared to healthy controls. This suggests that an impaired antioxidant defense system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD.

Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of theophylline and doxofylline in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dushyant Lal ◽  
Sachin Manocha ◽  
Arunabha Ray ◽  
V.K. Vijayan ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Copd Patients

AbstractBronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are the major obstructive disorders that may contribute to the severity in individual patients. The present study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of theophylline and doxofylline in patients with bronchial asthma and COPD.A total of 60 patients, 30 each with bronchial asthma and COPD, were enrolled for the study. Each group of 30 patients received standard treatment for asthma and COPD. Each group was again subdivided into two with 15 patients each, who received theophylline or doxofylline in addition to standard therapy, for a period of 2 months. Each patient was followed up fortnightly for the assessment of efficacy parameters using a pulmonary function test (PFT), clinical symptoms and emergency drug use, and safety was assessed by recording adverse drug reactions.Both theophylline and doxofylline produced enhancements in PFT at different time intervals in both asthma and COPD patients. The maximum beneficial effects were seen at 6 weeks for asthma patients and at 8 weeks for COPD patients for both theophylline and doxofylline.The comparative study showed that doxofylline was more effective as evidenced by improvement in PFT as well as clinical symptoms, and reduced incidence of adverse effects and emergency bronchodilator use.

Role of nitric oxide synthase/arginase balance in bronchial reactivity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (3) ◽  
pp. L489-L497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Tadié ◽  
Priscilla Henno ◽  
Ingrid Leroy ◽  
Claire Danel ◽  
Emmanuel Naline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Resting Tension ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Nos2 Expression

Competition between nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) and arginases for their common substrate l-arginine could be involved in the regulation of cholinergic airway reactivity and subsequent airway remodeling. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationships between the expression of this enzymatic balance and the effects of NOS and arginase inhibition on bronchoconstrictive response to acetylcholine of patients without and with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Twenty-two human bronchi [15 COPD (9 GOLD-0, 6 GOLD-1, -2-A), 7 nonsmokers] were investigated for immunohistochemistry and modulation of acetylcholine-induced airway constriction. Significantly increased expression of NOS2 in immunoblots of bronchial tissue and staining in smooth muscle cells was evidenced in patients with COPD compared with control subjects, whereas no modification of arginase expression was evidenced. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and NOS2 expression were negatively correlated (ρ = −0.54, P = 0.027). Pharmacological experiments demonstrated that resting tension was elevated in COPD compared with control subjects (2,243 ± 154 vs. 1,574 ± 218 mg, P = 0.03) and was positively correlated with the expression of NOS2 (ρ = 0.61, P = 0.044), whereas constrictor response to acetylcholine was similar [active tension, sensitivity (−logEC10), and reactivity (slope)]. The sole effect of the specific arginase inhibitor Nω-hydroxy-nor-l-arginine (1 μM) was to decrease sensitivity in COPD patients, whereas 1 mM NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester unexpectedly decreased resting tension because of a non-cGMP-dependent effect. In conclusion, an upregulation of NOS2 expression in COPD patients is involved in airway tone regulation and functional airflow limitation, whereas increased arginase activity is involved in airway sensitivity.

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