Analysis of the prevalence of food hypersensitivity and food anaphylaxis in the children’s population of Ekaterinburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Tatiana S. Lepeshkova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Food Hypersensitivity ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Food Anaphylaxis

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, the number of patients experiencing food allergies and food anaphylaxis has been increasing worldwide. However, at present, epidemiological data on this problem are unclear. Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening pathological reaction of systemic hypersensitivity with various clinical symptoms, which can be coded under different diagnoses and conditions. Its acute onset and transient nature make it difficult to obtain prospective data. Thus, it appears realistic to conduct retrospective studies using a questionnaire analysis to identify children who have undergone such reactions for further examination and observation. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of food hypersensitivity and food anaphylaxis in the pediatric population of Ekaterinburg. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 5,000 parents with children aged 217 years were surveyed. The children attend preschool or school general educational institutions (childrens education institution (ChEI) of the city. ChEIs were randomized, and the parent survey was anonymous and voluntary. Respective parents were asked to complete the questionnaire, which asks them whether their children have skin lesions, wheezing, and clinical presentations of allergic rhinitis or food allergy. The developed questionnaire was based on the ISAC questionnaire translated into Russian. In the questionnaires, the parents gave only those symptoms that arose in children against the background of somatic health at normal body temperature. RESULTS: A total of 2,400 questionnaires were analyzed: 1,196 questionnaires were filled by parents of boys (49.9%) and 1,204 questionnaires by parents of girls (50.1%) aged 217 years (average age 10.31 0.30 years). Data collected from questionnaire revealed that skin rashes in 17% of the children were associated with products: most often, these were obligate allergens and histamine liberators. Additionally, 6.8% of the parents noted that persistent rhinitis in their children was associated with consumption of milk/fish/fruit/nuts. Symptoms of respiratory obstruction after eating fish/cows milk/nuts were described by parents of 2.7% of the children. Association of urticarial manifestations with food was noticed by parents of 194 (8.1%) children. Moreover, 0.96% of children experienced symptoms of anaphylaxis to food, 0.3% to cows milk, 0.12% to chicken eggs and fruit, and 0.08% to wheat, nuts, and fish. CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiological studies help understand the spread and nature of allergic diseases in a region. Moreover, identification of children who have had episodes of food-borne anaphylaxis helps prevent recurrent cases by conducting case follow-up of these patients.

scholarly journals Clinical efficacy of nutraceutical diet for cats with clinical signs of cutaneus adverse food reaction (CAFR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mazzeranghi ◽  
C. Zanotti ◽  
A. Di Cerbo ◽  
J.P. Verstegen ◽  
R. Cocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Adverse Food Reaction ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Lesion Severity

Abstract Food allergies and food intolerances are clinically difficult to discriminate. Most often, along with cutaneous adverse food reactions or CAFR, they are classified as adverse food reactions, whose causes are numerous, including toxic compounds. Eighteen indoor-housed domestic cats with evident clinical symptoms related to CAFR (drooling, back and neck intense itching, neck eczema, chronic conjunctivitis and stomatitis) involving skin lesions were studied. Cytological evaluations of ear, skin and gingival swabs revealed an increased turnover of keratinocytes while the oxytetracycline ELISA determination showed an unexpected high amount of oxytetracycline in all cats at the first visit. All cats were then randomly assigned to receive a standard (SD group) or a nutraceutical diet (ND group) for 60 days. In the ND group a significant reduction of the mean serum concentration of oxytetracycline, pruritus intensity and skin lesion severity (**p<0.01, ***p<0.001, and ***p<0.001, respectively) was observed after 60 days, and associated with a significant improvement in the clinical picture. Although a direct correlation between oxytetracycline presence within cat sera and CAFR-related symptoms has never been described, this study highlights the benefit of a specific nutraceutical diet supplementation in improving clinical symptoms and skin lesions in cats with CARF.

scholarly journals Edema of the optic tract in patients with tumors of the sellar region: clinical and visual implications in the pediatric population

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Bussat ◽  
Maia Proisy ◽  
Bertrand Bruneau ◽  
Guillaume Bouzillé ◽  
Céline Chappé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Optic Tract ◽  
Final Examination ◽  
Sellar Region ◽  
Treatment Type ◽  
Number Of Patients

OBJECTIVETumor-related edema of the optic tract (EOT) corresponds to a preferential posterior distribution of peritumoral edema along the white matter tract of the visual system. To date, the consequences of EOT have never been evaluated specifically in the pediatric population. In this study, the authors attempted to identify clinical and radiological features associated with the development of EOT and the specific influence of this edema on visual function.METHODSA retrospective review was performed of data collected from patients younger than 18 years who underwent surgery for a tumor in the sellar region at the authors’ institution between January 2005 and January 2016. Data were collected on patient characteristics, ophthalmological evaluations, and neuroimaging findings. To evaluate and compare visual function impairment, ophthalmological data were converted to a global visual function score, which took into account visual acuity, visual field evaluations, and laterality deficiencies. The visual acuity score was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision. Visual field deficiencies were converted to a score of 0–2. Two opposing groups were then distinguished according to the presence or absence of EOT. Visual acuity, visual field results, and global scores were compared between groups before and after treatment.RESULTSTwenty-six patients were included in the study: 17 patients with craniopharyngioma, 3 patients with pilocytic astrocytoma, 2 patients with ganglioglioma, 2 patients with germ cell tumor, 1 patient with macroprolactinoma, and 1 patient with Rathke’s cleft cyst. There were 11 children in the group with edema and 15 children in the group without edema. None of the following criteria were statistically different between the 2 groups: age, sex, clinical symptoms at presentation (endocrine deficiency or intracranial hypertension signs), incidence of hydrocephalus, compression of the optic tracts and mass effect on the optic chiasm, tumor size and localization, presence of intratumoral cysts, treatment, type of tumor, or recurrence. The median global visual function and visual acuity scores were not significantly different between the groups either at presentation or at final evaluation. The visual field score was lower (i.e., more deficiency) in the group with edema than in the group without edema (p < 0.05); 89% of the patients with edema had severe or mild visual field impairment versus only 40% of the patients without edema. At the final examination after treatment, the visual field scores were not different between the 2 groups. Although not significant, the number of patients with optic disc pallor was greater in the group without edema both at diagnosis and at final examination.CONCLUSIONSThis study confirms that EOT in the context of sellar region tumor in children is not necessarily associated with a less-favorable visual prognosis.

scholarly journals Neurological symptoms caused by the subspecies borrelia burgdorferi

2001 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
A. Haass
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Skin Erythema ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tick Vectors

Borreliosis is characterized by a variety of clinical symptoms affecting the skin (erythema chronicum migrans, lymphadenopathia cutis benigna, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans), eyes (conjunctivitis, iritis, uveitis), muscles (myositis), nervous system (neuritis, radiculitis, polyradiculitis, meningopolyralitis ), joints (arthritis, arthralgia) and heart (carditis). The variety of symptoms is explained by the difference in the subspecies Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in virulence and organotropism and changes in the patient's immune response. The main subspecies Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B.b.s.l.) are Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (B.b.s.s.), Borrelia burgdorferi garinii (B.b.g.) and Borrelia burgdorferi afzelii (B.b.a.). In North America, only B.b.s.s. has been found, while all 3 species can be found in Europe. Epidemiological studies have shown that the number of patients with borreliosis is still increasing, which is associated with an increase in the density of distribution of tick vectors, which are carriers of the disease, and with the degree of awareness of people.

scholarly journals Epilemiological characteristics of Diamond–Blackfen anemia in pediatric population of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
V. M. Chernov ◽  
G. S. Ovsyannikova ◽  
M. B. Yudina ◽  
A. V. Rogov ◽  
N. E. Sokolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Bone Marrow Failure ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Pediatric Hematology ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Observation Period

Diamond–Blackfen Anemia (DBA) is a rare, clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder from the group of congenital syndromes of bone marrow failure. The purpose of this work is to identify the main medical-frequency characteristics of DBA (incidence, prevalence, mortality, cartographic analysis) in children in the Russian Federation during the observation period 2011–2016. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology. The Russian register of DBA patients, which had been developed and maintained since 2012 year by NMITS DGOI, was used to obtained epidemiological data and their analysis. At the end of 2018 year 141 patients from 137 families were included in the register. The average annual incidence rate of children with DBA for the Russian Federation was 0.63 ± 0.034, the average annual prevalence rate – 5.75 ± 0.87 per 100 thousand newborns born alive; mortality rate – 2.12%; the cartographic method of research showed that the largest number of patients was registered in the Central Federal District of the country, which is explained by the high population living in this district.

scholarly journals Methods for epidemiological studies in competitive cycling: an extension of the IOC consensus statement on methods for recording and reporting of epidemiological data on injury and illness in sport 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-103906
Author(s):  
Benjamin Clarsen ◽  
Babette M Pluim ◽  
Víctor Moreno-Pérez ◽  
Xavier Bigard ◽  
Cheri Blauwet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Exposure Study ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Final Manuscript ◽  
Collection Methods

In 2020, the IOC released a consensus statement that provides overall guidelines for the recording and reporting of epidemiological data on injury and illness in sport. Some aspects of this statement need to be further specified on a sport-by-sport basis. To extend the IOC consensus statement on methods for recording and reporting of epidemiological data on injury and illness in sports and to meet the sport-specific requirements of all cycling disciplines regulated by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). A panel of 20 experts, all with experience in cycling or cycling medicine, participated in the drafting of this cycling-specific extension of the IOC consensus statement. In preparation, panel members were sent the IOC consensus statement, the first draft of this manuscript and a list of topics to be discussed. The expert panel met in July 2020 for a 1-day video conference to discuss the manuscript and specific topics. The final manuscript was developed in an iterative process involving all panel members. This paper extends the IOC consensus statement to provide cycling-specific recommendations on health problem definitions, mode of onset, injury mechanisms and circumstances, diagnosis classifications, exposure, study population characteristics and data collection methods. Recommendations apply to all UCI cycling disciplines, for both able-bodied cyclists and para-cyclists. The recommendations presented in this consensus statement will improve the consistency and accuracy of future epidemiological studies of injury and illness in cycling.

scholarly journals Genetic Contribution of Endometriosis to the Risk of Developing Hormone-Related Cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6083
Author(s):  
Aintzane Rueda-Martínez ◽  
Aiara Garitazelaia ◽  
Ariadna Cilleros-Portet ◽  
Sergi Marí ◽  
Rebeca Arauzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Analyses ◽  
Gynecological Disorder ◽  
Robust Evidence

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder that has been associated with endometrial, breast and epithelial ovarian cancers in epidemiological studies. Since complex diseases are a result of multiple environmental and genetic factors, we hypothesized that the biological mechanism underlying their comorbidity might be explained, at least in part, by shared genetics. To assess their potential genetic relationship, we performed a two-sample mendelian randomization (2SMR) analysis on results from public genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This analysis confirmed previously reported genetic pleiotropy between endometriosis and endometrial cancer. We present robust evidence supporting a causal genetic association between endometriosis and ovarian cancer, particularly with the clear cell and endometrioid subtypes. Our study also identified genetic variants that could explain those associations, opening the door to further functional experiments. Overall, this work demonstrates the value of genomic analyses to support epidemiological data, and to identify targets of relevance in multiple disorders.

scholarly journals A deep cascaded segmentation of obstructive sleep apnea-relevant organs from sagittal spine MRI

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-588
Author(s):  
Tatyana Ivanovska ◽  
Amro Daboul ◽  
Oleksandr Kalentev ◽  
Norbert Hosten ◽  
Reiner Biffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
Spine Mri

Abstract Purpose The main purpose of this work was to develop an efficient approach for segmentation of structures that are relevant for diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), namely pharynx, tongue, and soft palate, from mid-sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MR) data. This framework will be applied to big data acquired within an on-going epidemiological study from a general population. Methods A deep cascaded framework for subsequent segmentation of pharynx, tongue, and soft palate is presented. The pharyngeal structure was segmented first, since the airway was clearly visible in the T1-weighted sequence. Thereafter, it was used as an anatomical landmark for tongue location. Finally, the soft palate region was extracted using segmented tongue and pharynx structures and used as input for a deep network. In each segmentation step, a UNet-like architecture was applied. Results The result assessment was performed qualitatively by comparing the region boundaries obtained from the expert to the framework results and quantitatively using the standard Dice coefficient metric. Additionally, cross-validation was applied to ensure that the framework performance did not depend on the specific selection of the validation set. The average Dice coefficients on the test set were $$0.89\pm 0.03$$ 0.89 ± 0.03 , $$0.87\pm 0.02$$ 0.87 ± 0.02 , and $$0.79\pm 0.08$$ 0.79 ± 0.08 for tongue, pharynx, and soft palate tissues, respectively. The results were similar to other approaches and consistent with expert readings. Conclusion Due to high speed and efficiency, the framework will be applied for big epidemiological data with thousands of participants acquired within the Study of Health in Pomerania as well as other epidemiological studies to provide information on the anatomical structures and aspects that constitute important risk factors to the OSAS development.

scholarly journals Case of Human Infestation with Dermanyssus gallinae (Poultry Red Mite) from Swallows (Hirundinidae)

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Georgios Sioutas ◽  
Styliani Minoudi ◽  
Katerina Tiligada ◽  
Caterina Chliva ◽  
Alexandros Triantafyllidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Human Form ◽  
Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis

Dermanyssus gallinae (the poultry red mite, PRM) is an important ectoparasite in the laying hen industry. PRM can also infest humans, causing gamasoidosis, which is manifested as skin lesions characterized by rash and itching. Recently, there has been an increase in the reported number of human infestation cases with D. gallinae, mostly associated with the proliferation of pigeons in cities where they build their nests. The human form of the disease has not been linked to swallows (Hirundinidae) before. In this report, we describe an incident of human gamasoidosis linked to a nest of swallows built on the window ledge of an apartment in the island of Kefalonia, Greece. Mites were identified as D. gallinae using morphological keys and amplifying the Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene by PCR. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis and median-joining network supported the identification of three PRM haplogroups and the haplotype isolated from swallows was identical to three PRM sequences isolated from hens in Portugal. The patient was treated with topical corticosteroids, while the house was sprayed with deltamethrin. After one week, the mites disappeared and clinical symptoms subsided. The current study is the first report of human gamasoidosis from PRM found in swallows’ nest.

scholarly journals Chrysin Inhibits TNFα-Induced TSLP Expression through Downregulation of EGR1 Expression in Keratinocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4350
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Yeo ◽  
Younghan Lee ◽  
Sungshin Ahn ◽  
Euitaek Jung ◽  
Yoongho Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an epithelial cell-derived cytokine that acts as a critical mediator in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Various therapeutic agents that prevent TSLP function can efficiently relieve the clinical symptoms of AD. However, the downregulation of TSLP expression by therapeutic agents remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the mode of action of chrysin in TSLP suppression in an AD-like inflammatory environment. We observed that the transcription factor early growth response (EGR1) contributed to the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced transcription of TSLP. Chrysin attenuated TNFα-induced TSLP expression by downregulating EGR1 expression in HaCaT keratinocytes. We also showed that the oral administration of chrysin improved AD-like skin lesions in the ear and neck of BALB/c mice challenged with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. We also showed that chrysin suppressed the expression of EGR1 and TSLP by inhibiting the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that chrysin improves AD-like skin lesions, at least in part, through the downregulation of the ERK1/2 or JNK1/2-EGR1-TSLP signaling axis in keratinocytes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Random Error in Exposure Measurement upon the Shape of the Exposure Response

Dose-Response ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. dose-response.0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny S. Crump
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Exposure Measurement ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
Exposure Response ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Normally Distributed

Although statistical analyses of epidemiological data usually treat the exposure variable as being known without error, estimated exposures in epidemiological studies often involve considerable uncertainty. This paper investigates the theoretical effect of random errors in exposure measurement upon the observed shape of the exposure response. The model utilized assumes that true exposures are log-normally distributed, and multiplicative measurement errors are also log-normally distributed and independent of the true exposures. Under these conditions it is shown that whenever the true exposure response is proportional to exposure to a power r, the observed exposure response is proportional to exposure to a power K, where K < r. This implies that the observed exposure response exaggerates risk, and by arbitrarily large amounts, at sufficiently small exposures. It also follows that a truly linear exposure response will appear to be supra-linear—i.e., a linear function of exposure raised to the K-th power, where K is less than 1.0. These conclusions hold generally under the stated log-normal assumptions whenever there is any amount of measurement error, including, in particular, when the measurement error is unbiased either in the natural or log scales. Equations are provided that express the observed exposure response in terms of the parameters of the underlying log-normal distribution. A limited investigation suggests that these conclusions do not depend upon the log-normal assumptions, but hold more widely. Because of this problem, in addition to other problems in exposure measurement, shapes of exposure responses derived empirically from epidemiological data should be treated very cautiously. In particular, one should be cautious in concluding that the true exposure response is supra-linear on the basis of an observed supra-linear form.

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