Aeropalynologic monitoring of air pollution in the Rostov region: the results of the 2019 season

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Ella V. Churyukina ◽  
Olga P. Ukhanova ◽  
Elena А. Goloshubova
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Allergenic Plants ◽  
Plant Pollen

BACKGROUND: There is an increase in the proportion of patients suffering from allergic diseases caused by the plant pollen. Aeropalinologic monitoring of the air environment allows us to study the composition of aeroallergens and their role in the formation of pollen allergies. Features of the formation of aerial pollen spectra are closely related to the botanical-geographical and natural-climatic conditions of the region. The Rostov region has its own specific features, which is reflected in the qualitative and quantitative composition of pollen rain. AIM: To study the dynamics of pollination of allergenic plants in Rostov-on-Don, identify the prevailing taxa and create a calendar of pollination of plants for this region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Aeroallergens were detected by using a volumetric Burkard trap. The identification of plant pollen and fungal spores was performed by microscopy of colored slides obtained from a sticky tape covered with a special mixture. RESULTS: In 2019, 21 taxa were registered in the air environment of Rostov-on-don (trees, meadows, haze, cereals, weeds), fungal spores were found in the air, represented by the mold fungi Cladosporium herbarum and Alternaria alternata in high growing concentrations. An increase in the vegetation period of pollination of trees (07.03.31.06), mares (02.0503.10), cereals (02.0414.09), weeds (18.0728.10) was detected According to the dynamics of pollen concentration, three periods of its growth were registered: spring-summer, summer and summer-autumn. The presence of birch pollen grains in a clinically significant concentration (36 pollen grain (PG)/m3) in this steppe region, an increase in the peak concentration of ragweed (393 PG/m3) in comparison with the same data for 1971 (265 PG/m3) was found. CONCLUSION: Regional features of the spectrum of air allergens were identified, and a dusting calendar was compiled for Rostov-on-Don.

scholarly journals Curvularia As Bio-pollutant in the Houses of Asthmatic Patients at Ambajogai Dist. Beed (MS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
S W Bhivgude
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Air Sampler ◽  
Major Allergens ◽  
Petri Plate

Indoor   Curvularia spores are potential sensitizers in human beings, their prevalence is important for diagnosis and environmental management of asthma. Human beings are known to suffer from major allergens such as fungal spores, pollen grains and house dust present in the atmosphere. Inhalation of air  borne fungal spores is the main causative factor for respiratory allergic diseases in human beings. Indoor survey of aeromycoflora was performed by using Rotorod air sampler, Petri plate exposure and eosinophil count of asthmatic patient in Ambajogai. The highest concentration of Curvularia spores was recorded in the house of patient. ‘W’ (12.08 %) in the month of September 2000.                

scholarly journals The analysis of varietal structure of maize cultivated for grain in the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Yu. B. Arzhenovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Sown Area ◽  
State List ◽  
A Share

The current stage of plant growing is characterized by varietal policies aimed at increasing the number of new varieties (hybrids) being bred for production. This feature of varietal diversity makes it possible to choose a variety (hybrid) for specific forecrops and soil-climatic conditions, a variety with specific adaptability, length of vegetation period and product quality. One of the largest regions of the maize sown area in Russia is the Rostov region, the conditions of which allow cultivating maize with different ripening periods. The current paper has presented the dynamics of the maize productivity in Russia and in the Rostov region. There has been conducted an analysis of sown maize hybrids and varieties in the Rostov region according to the year of including them into the State List of the Russian Federation. It has been determined that the largest number of maize hybrids was cultivated in 2018 from the number included into the State List of the Russian Federation for the period from 2009 to 2013 (52 pcs.), and in 2019 from the number included into the State List of the Russian Federation for the period from 2010 to 2014 (57 pcs.). There has been demonstrated a share of maize hybrids in the sown area depending on their time being in production. So, the hybrids that have been cultivated for 6–10 years occupied the largest share (44.6% in 2018; 52.6% in 2019). There have been identified the most popular maize hybrids cultivated in the Rostov region in 2018 and 2019. There has been calculated a share of domestic hybrids (varieties) in the sown areas and the cost advantage of domestic maize seeds.

scholarly journals Height and hourly variations in the concentration of airborne pollen grains and fungal spores in Sosnowiec (Poland)

Alergoprofil ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dąbrowska-Zapart ◽  
Tadeusz Niedźwiedź
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Measuring Point ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Wind Speed Maximum

The aim of the work was to compare the qualitative and quantitative composition of aeroplankton in Sosnowiec (Poland) at three heights. The research was conducted on July 3rd, 4th and 5th, 2018 with the help of three Burkard spore traps: one stationary and two portable ones. The analyses were carried out at an altitude of 83 m, 15 m and at the ground level. Aerobiological data was recorded every hour and the collected pollen grains and fungal spores were determined later on. The relationships between individual meteorological conditions and different features of the alder pollen season were determined using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. The research has shown that the greatest fluctuations in the daily pollen count occurred at the lowest measuring point, i.e. at the ground level. The largest part of the determined palynomorphs were fungal spores, the most numerous of which was Cladosporium, followed by Alternaria, Epicoccum and Botrytis. Statistical analysis showed that the highest concentrations of fungal spores and plant pollen grains were influenced by wind speed, maximum gust of wind and solar radiation.

AEROPALINOLOGICAL STUDY OF ALLERGENIC PLANTS: POLLINOSIS PREDICTION AND PREVENTION IN ULYANOVSK

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-156
Author(s):  
D.A. Golodnova ◽  
N.V. Blagoveshchenskaya ◽  
M.P. Markevich
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Pollen Concentration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Allergenic Plants ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
First Time

Pollinosis occupies a leading place among allergic diseases. However, allergenic plants and their palynological complexes are insufficiently studied not only in Russia, but worldwide. No one has ever carried out aeropalinological studies on the territory of the Ulyanovsk region. The aim of the study is to identify allergenic plants in the Ulyanovsk region, and to study air pollen concentration in order to prevent pollinosis. Materials and Methods. The objects of research were allergenic plants and their pollen complexes, which were examined for the first time in our region. The authors conducted floristic and phenological studies, calculated the pollen concentration of allergenic plants in the air (April-September). They used Post’s method while working with pollen, examined it under the microscope (15×40 magnification), and determined allergenicity index. Results. As a result of floristic and phenological observations, the authors identified 138 species of allergenic plants, including 68 high and medium allergenic plants. The allergenicity index was 259. Thus, Ulyanovsk can be considered as one of the most allergic regions. It was found that the largest amount of pollen grains during the entire flowering period of allergenic plants was observed in the industrial area. Moreover, June and July are the most dangerous months for people allergic to Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Asteraceae. The dynamics of pollen concentration during three pollen waves was presented. The most dangerous waves were the second and the third, while the first wave was the least dangerous one. Results. The results obtained can help in planning preventive measures and treating pollinosis. Keywords: allergenic plants, hay fever, pollination, pollen concentration, pollen wave. Поллинозы занимают ведущее место среди аллергопатологии. Однако аллергенные растения и их палинокомплексы остаются недостаточно изученными во многих странах мира, в т.ч. и в России. На территории Ульяновской области аэропалинологические исследования также не проводились. Цель исследования − выявить аллергенные растения ульяновского региона, изучить динамику концентрации их пыльцы в воздушной среде для профилактики поллинозов. Материалы и методы. Объектами исследований были аллергенные растения и их пыльцевые комплексы, которые в нашем регионе были обследованы впервые. Проведены флористические и фенологические исследования, выполнено определение концентрации пыльцы аллергенных растений в воздушной среде с апреля по сентябрь, проведена обработка пыльцы методом Поста и определение ее под микроскопом с увеличением 15×40, рассчитан индекс аллергенности. Результаты. В результате флористических и фенологических наблюдений выявлено 138 видов аллергенных растений, среди них высоко- и среднеаллергенных − 68 видов. Индекс аллергенности составил 259, что позволяет отнести г. Ульяновск к одному из самых аллергоопасных регионов. Установлено, что наибольшее количество пыльцевых зерен за весь период цветения аллергенных растений наблюдается в промышленной зоне. При этом июнь и июль являются наиболее опасными месяцами для людей, страдающих аллергией на семейства Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Asteraceae. Представлена динамика концентрации пыльцы в трех пыльцевых волнах. Наиболее опасными волнами можно считать вторую и третью, наименее опасной – первую. Выводы. Результаты исследований необходимо учитывать при планировании профилактических мер и лечении поллинозов. Ключевые слова: аллергенные растения, поллиноз, поллинация, концентрация пыльцы, пыльцевая волна.

Features of the fungal spectrum in the air environment in the Rostov region according to the results aeropalynologic monitoring 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
Ella V. Churyukina ◽  
Evgeniya V. Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Burkard Trap ◽  
Sticky Tape ◽  
The City

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, there has been an epidemic growth of allergic diseases, in which fungi along with other allergens significantly play a role in their etiology. Spores of a number of micromycetes are present in the air. Aeropalynology environmental monitoring enables examination of the composition of airborne microorganisms, their dynamics, and role in the formation of allergic diseases. The Rostov region has climatic and geographical features that affect the qualitative and quantitative compositions of the fungal spectrum in the air environment. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the composition and features of the fungal spectrum of the air environment in Rostov-on-Don, to assess the dynamics of the concentration of fungal spores during the monitoring period (March to October), and to make a calendar of plant pollination and fungal spore production for this region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this longitudinal, observational, single-center study, aeroallergens were detected using a volumetric Burkard trap. Identification of plant pollen and fungal spores was performed by microscopy of colored slides obtained from a sticky tape covered with a special mixture. RESULTS: Results of aeropalynological monitoring in 2019 in the air environment of Rostov-on-Don revealed the presence of pollen taxa and fungal spores, represented by the mold fungi Cladosporium herbarum and Alternaria alternata in high increasing concentrations. Their dynamics were recorded throughout the observation period (March to October). The specific weight of fungal sensitization in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis was 11.6%. CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies the regional features of the fungal spectrum of air allergens, and a calendar of dusting and sporulation was compiled for the city of Rostov-on-Don.

scholarly journals On the results of the aeropalinospore monitoring of urban air: some features of inside and inter-seasonal variability of lower fungi spores level

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Natalya Vlasova ◽  
Ksenia Mazokha ◽  
Lyudmila Kavelenova ◽  
Marina Manzhos
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Fungal Allergens ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Plant Pollen ◽  
Monitoring Activity

Public health risks associated with molds include sensitization, allergic symptoms, irritation and/or toxicity. Sensitization to fungal allergens often occurs in patients who are hypersensitive to other groups allergens, including plant pollen. Both plants and molds are characterized by active growth in warm seasons, in temperate latitudes from April to October, which determines the presence of pollen grains of plants and mold spores in the atmospheric air during this period. This determines the needs in monitoring activity aimed to biogenic pollutants evaluation in the air of large cities where many people live compactly. The report presents the monitoring results of Alternaria, Cladosporium and other lower fungi spores in the air of Samara city in 2015 - 2020. It has been established that for the air environment of Samara, lower fungi cannot be considered as the predominant source of allergens. The high concentration of fungal spores is most often caused by fungi of Alternaria genus, which leads to the development of sensitization in 27.7% of children and 14.6% of adults in the region. The results of aeropalinospore monitoring demonstrated the lesser significance of Cladosporium genus fungi as a risk factor, or an allergens source for Samara city (Middle Volga region).

DROUGHT OCCURRENCE UNDER LITHUANIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laima TAPARAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Veronika LUKŠEVIČIŪTĖ
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Precipitation Record ◽  
Calculation Step ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
June July

This study provides the analysis of drought conditions of vegetation period in 1982-2014 year in two Lithuanian regions: Kaunas and Telšiai. To identify drought conditions the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was applied. SPI was calculated using the long-term precipitation record of 1982–2014 with in-situ meteorological data. Calculation step of SPI was taken 1 month considering only vegetation period (May, June, July, August, September). The purpose of investigation was to evaluate the humidity/aridity of vegetation period and find out the probability of droughts occurrence under Lithuanian climatic conditions. It was found out that according SPI results droughts occurred in 14.5 % of all months in Kaunas region and in 15.8 % in Telšiai region. Wet periods in Kaunas region occurred in 15.8 %, and in Telšiai region occurrence of wet periods was – 18.8 % from all evaluated months. According SPI evaluation near normal were 69.7 % of total months during period of investigation in Kaunas and respectively – 65.5 % in Telšiai. The probability for extremely dry period under Lithuania climatic conditions are pretty low – 3.0 % in middle Lithuania and 2.4 % in western part of Lithuania.

An inverse relationship between moisture and grazing intensity in an arid mountain-basin system

2021 ◽  
pp. 030913332110600
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Xiao-zhong Huang ◽  
Jia-le Wang ◽  
Richard HW Bradshaw ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Spores And Pollen ◽  
The North ◽  
Basin System

Precipitation has been suggested as a crucial influencing factor in the primary productivity in arid and semi-arid regions, yet how moisture fluctuation in an arid mountain-basin system of the north Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau has affected human activities is poorly understood. Here, we reconstruct the variations of grazing intensity in high elevations and regional humidity based on independent and high-resolution records of Sporormiella-type coprophilous fungal spores and pollen grains in the same well-dated sediment core from Lake Tian’E in the western Qilian Mountains over the past 3500 years. We find that stronger grazing activity was associated with low regional effective moisture, and propose that the drier regional climate pushed people and their livestock into the mountainous areas. A notable exception was a reduction of human and grazing activities in arid region with high mountains during 380–580 CE caused by centennial-length dry and cold conditions. In addition, it is also noteworthy that intensified grazing activity occurred during 580–720 CE and after ∼1920 CE, corresponding to a warmer and wetter climate and diverse subsistence strategies with social developments in the lowlands of the Hexi Corridor. Our findings potentially provide a historical reference for understanding how ancient people adapted to the climate change in arid region with high mountains.

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