A Contemplation of Sequential Relationship of Stone Pagoda in the Gyeongju Area with the Relief of Eight Devas - Focusing on the Stone Pagoda that Facilitated the Same Model Drawing -

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 43-81
Author(s):  
Ji-Hyun Kim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sequential Relationship ◽  
Stone Pagoda

scholarly journals Centrally Reserved Access Model to the Medium in Digital Radio Communication Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1356
Author(s):  
Maksim Peregudov ◽  
Anatoliy Steshkovoy
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.11 ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Multiple Access ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Transmission Channel ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Digital Radio ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sequential Relationship

Currently, centrally reserved access to the medium in the digital radio communication networks of the IEEE 802.11 family standards is an alternative to random multiple access to the environment such as CSMA/CA and is mainly used in the transmission voice and video messages in real time. Centrally reserved access to the environment determines the scope of interest in it from attackers. However, the assessment of effectiveness of centrally reserved access to the environment under the conditions of potentially possible destructive impacts was not carried out and therefore it is impossible to assess the contribution of such impacts to the decrease in the effectiveness of such access. Also, the stage establishing of centrally reserved access to the environment was not previously taken into account. Analytical model development of centrally reserved access to the environment under the conditions of destructive influences in digital radio communication networks of the IEEE 802.11 family standards. A mathematical model of centrally reserved access to the environment has been developed, taking into account not only the stage of its functioning, but also the stage of formation under the conditions of destructive influences by the attacker. Moreover, in the model the stage of establishing centrally reserved access to the medium displays a sequential relationship of such access, synchronization elements in digital radio communication networks and random multiple access to the medium of the CSMA/CA type. It was established that collisions in the data transmission channel caused by destructive influences can eliminate centrally reserved access to the medium even at the stage of its establishment. The model is applicable in the design of digital radio communication networks of the IEEE 802.11 family of standards, the optimization of such networks of the operation, and the detection of potential destructive effects by an attacker.

scholarly journals Pre-Clovis projectile points at the Debra L. Friedkin site, Texas—Implications for the Late Pleistocene peopling of the Americas

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. eaat4505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Waters ◽  
Joshua L. Keene ◽  
Steven L. Forman ◽  
Elton R. Prewitt ◽  
David L. Carlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Projectile Points ◽  
Peopling Of The Americas ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Point Form ◽  
Sequential Relationship ◽  
Western Stemmed Tradition

Lanceolate projectile points of the Clovis complex and stemmed projectile points of the Western Stemmed Tradition first appeared in North America by ~13 thousand years (ka) ago. The origin, age, and chronological superposition of these stemmed and lanceolate traditions are unclear. At the Debra L. Friedkin site, Texas, below Folsom and Clovis horizons, we find stemmed projectile points dating from ~13.5 to ~15.5 ka ago, with a triangular lanceolate point form appearing ~14 ka ago. The sequential relationship of stemmed projectile points followed by lanceolate forms suggests that lanceolate points are derived from stemmed forms or that they originated from two separate migrations into the Americas.

Repair of historic stone pagoda: Flexural behavior of granite reinforced with stainless steel bars

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2431-2441
Author(s):  
Woo-Young Lim
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reinforcing Bars ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Steel Bars ◽  
Load Displacement ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Stone Pagoda

In the stone-made architectural heritage, one of the most widely used stones is granite. Given its superior material properties and abundant reserves, most Korean stone pagodas were built using granite. For the repair and restoration of the ancient stone pagoda made of granite, understanding of the structural behavior of reinforced granite is crucial. In this study, flexure tests for seven simply supported full-scale granite reinforced with stainless steel bars were conducted to investigate the failure mode and load–displacement relationship. Through the experiments, the feasibility of the suggested method for reinforcement of the damaged granite was also explored. Test specimens were manufactured after injecting epoxy resin by inserting stainless steel bars into the drilled holes, and then each granite substrate was bonded with adhesive epoxy resin. The test results showed that the load–displacement relationship of reinforced granite was highly dependent on the presence of the reinforcement, positioning of the reinforcing bars, and bond capacity of the reinforcing bars. Also, reinforcing bars significantly affected the deformation of the reinforced granite. Based on the test results, four distinct flexural responses of reinforced granite are presented.

Research on aviation unsafe incidents classification with improved TF-IDF algorithm

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1650184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Wang ◽  
Zhiyuan Zhang ◽  
Weigang Huo
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Inverse Document Frequency ◽  
Classification Feature ◽  
Document Frequency ◽  
Category Labels ◽  
Text Content ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sequential Relationship

The text content of Aviation Safety Confidential Reports contains a large number of valuable information. Term frequency-inverse document frequency algorithm is commonly used in text analysis, but it does not take into account the sequential relationship of the words in the text and its role in semantic expression. According to the seven category labels of civil aviation unsafe incidents, aiming at solving the problems of TF-IDF algorithm, this paper improved TF-IDF algorithm based on co-occurrence network; established feature words extraction and words sequential relations for classified incidents. Aviation domain lexicon was used to improve the accuracy rate of classification. Feature words network model was designed for multi-documents unsafe incidents classification, and it was used in the experiment. Finally, the classification accuracy of improved algorithm was verified by the experiments.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Studies on Leukemogenic and Sarcomagenic Viruses

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Leon Dmochowski
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Mode Of Development ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Electron microscopy has proved to be an invaluable discipline in studies on the relationship of viruses to the origin of leukemia, sarcoma, and other types of tumors in animals and man. The successful cell-free transmission of leukemia and sarcoma in mice, rats, hamsters, and cats, interpreted as due to a virus or viruses, was proved to be due to a virus on the basis of electron microscope studies. These studies demonstrated that all the types of neoplasia in animals of the species examined are produced by a virus of certain characteristic morphological properties similar, if not identical, in the mode of development in all types of neoplasia in animals, as shown in Fig. 1.

The relationship of IGE receptor topography to signaling activity in RBL-2H3 mast cells

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
J.R. Pfeiffer ◽  
J.C. Seagrave ◽  
C. Wofsy ◽  
J.M. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Scattered Electron ◽  
Ige Receptor ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Ige Binding ◽  
Electron Imaging ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In RBL-2H3 rat leukemic mast cells, crosslinking IgE-receptor complexes with anti-IgE antibody leads to degranulation. Receptor crosslinking also stimulates the redistribution of receptors on the cell surface, a process that can be observed by labeling the anti-IgE with 15 nm protein A-gold particles as described in Stump et al. (1989), followed by back-scattered electron imaging (BEI) in the scanning electron microscope. We report that anti-IgE binding stimulates the redistribution of IgE-receptor complexes at 37“C from a dispersed topography (singlets and doublets; S/D) to distributions dominated sequentially by short chains, small clusters and large aggregates of crosslinked receptors. These patterns can be observed (Figure 1), quantified (Figure 2) and analyzed statistically. Cells incubated with 1 μg/ml anti-IgE, a concentration that stimulates maximum net secretion, redistribute receptors as far as chains and small clusters during a 15 min incubation period. At 3 and 10 μg/ml anti-IgE, net secretion is reduced and the majority of receptors redistribute rapidly into clusters and large aggregates.

Organization of transcription and pre-mRNA splicing within the mammalian cell nucleus

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 768-769
Author(s):  
D.L. Spector ◽  
S. Huang ◽  
S. Kaurin
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Cell Nucleus ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Mrna Splicing ◽  
Splicing Factors ◽  
Interchromatin Granule Clusters ◽  
Interchromatin Granule ◽  
Nuclear Regions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Perichromatin Fibrils

We have been interested in the organization of RNA polymerase II transcription and pre-mRNA splicing within the cell nucleus. Several models have been proposed for the functional organization of RNA within the eukaryotic nucleus and for the relationship of this organization to the distribution of pre-mRNA splicing factors. One model suggests that RNAs which must be spliced are capable of recruiting splicing factors to the sites of transcription from storage and/or reassembly sites. When one examines the organization of splicing factors in the nucleus in comparison to the sites of chromatin it is clear that splicing factors are not localized in coincidence with heterochromatin (Fig. 1). Instead, they are distributed in a speckled pattern which is composed of both perichromatin fibrils and interchromatin granule clusters. The perichromatin fibrils are distributed on the periphery of heterochromatin and on the periphery of interchromatin granule clusters as well as being diffusely distributed throughout the nucleoplasm. These nuclear regions have been previously shown to represent initial sites of incorporation of 3H-uridine.

Locating Al in the DABCO catalyst before and after Al extraction

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-267
Author(s):  
Kathleen B. Reuter
Keyword(s):  
Active Site ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Acid Phosphate ◽  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Relationship Of

The reaction rate and efficiency of piperazine to 1,4-diazabicyclo-octane (DABCO) depends on the Si/Al ratio of the MFI topology catalysts. The Al was shown to be the active site, however, in the Si/Al range of 30-200 the reaction rate increases as the Si/Al ratio increases. The objective of this work was to determine the location and concentration of Al to explain this inverse relationship of Al content with reaction rate.Two silicalite catalysts in the form of 1/16 inch SiO2/Al2O3 bonded extrudates were examined: catalyst A with a Si/Al of 83; and catalyst B, the acid/phosphate Al extracted form of catalyst A, with a Si/Al of 175. Five extrudates from each catalyst were fractured in the transverse direction and particles were obtained from the fracture surfaces near the center of the extrudate diameter. Particles were also obtained from the outside surfaces of five extrudates.

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