scholarly journals Unenhanced Multi-Detector Low-Dose vs Standard-Dose Computed Tomography in Patients Having Urinary Tract Calculi. A Practical Approach in Optimizing Patient's Dose, Experience at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Marya Hameed ◽  
Ameet Jesrani ◽  
Sehrish Mehreen ◽  
Naveed Ahmed ◽  
Tariq Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Urinary Tract Calculi

scholarly journals Low Dose Computed Tomography in Diagnosis of Ureteric Calculus in Obese Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Mahesh Gautam ◽  
Aziz Ullah ◽  
Manish Raj Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Iterative Reconstruction ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography ◽  
Effective Radiation

Background: Standard dose computed tomography is standard imaging modality in diagnosis of urolithiasis. The introduction of low dose techniques results in decrease radiation dose without significant change in image quality. However, the image quality of low dose computed tomography is affected by skin fold thickness and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue. The aim of this study to evaluate stone location, size, and density using low dose computed tomography compared with standard dose computed tomography in obese population. Material and Methods: This non-randomized non-inferiority trial includes 120 patient having BMI≥25kg/m2 with acute ureteric colic. The low dose and standard dose computed tomography were performed accordingly. Effective radiation doses were calculated from dose-length product obtained from scan report using conversion factor of 0.015. The images were reconstructed using iterative reconstruction algorithm. Effective dose, number and size of stone, Hounsfield Unit value of stone and image quality was assessed. Results: Stones were located in 69 (57.5%) in right and 51 (42.5%) in left ureter. There was no statistical difference in mean diameter, number and density of stones in low dose as compared with standard dose. The radiation dose was significantly lower with low dose. (3.68 mSv) The delineation of the ureter, outline of the stones and image quality in low dose was overall sufficient for diagnosis. No images of low dose scan were subjectively rated as non-diagnostics. Conclusion: Low dose computed tomography with iterative reconstruction technique is as effective as standard dose in diagnosis of ureteric stones in obese patients with lower effective radiation dose.

scholarly journals Noncontrast Computed Tomography Parameters for Predicting Shock Wave Lithotripsy Outcome in Upper Urinary Tract Stone Cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimpei Yamashita ◽  
Yasuo Kohjimoto ◽  
Yuya Iwahashi ◽  
Takashi Iguchi ◽  
Satoshi Nishizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Shock Wave ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Treatment Choice ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Urinary Tract Calculi ◽  
Stone Density ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract Calculi

Kidney stones are a major public health concern with continuously increasing worldwide prevalence. Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is the first line treatment choice for upper urinary tract calculi with ureteroscopy and has advantages of safety and noninvasiveness, but the treatment success rate of SWL is lower than that of other therapies. It is therefore important to identify predictive factors for SWL outcome and select a suitable treatment choice for patients with upper urinary tract calculi. In recent years, computed tomography (CT) has become the gold standard for diagnosis of upper urinary tract calculi. Several factors based on CT images, including skin-to-stone distance, mean stone density, stone heterogeneity index, and variation coefficient of stone density, have been reported to be useful for predicting SWL outcome. In addition, a new method of analysis, CT texture analysis, is reportedly useful for predicting SWL outcomes. This review aims to summarize CT parameters for predicting the outcome of shock wave lithotripsy in stone cases in the upper urinary tract.

Ultra-low-dose computed tomography and its utility in wrist trauma in the emergency department

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512198995
Author(s):  
Erdal Tekin ◽  
Kutsi Tuncer ◽  
Ibrahim Ozlu ◽  
Recep Sade ◽  
Rustem Berhan Pirimoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Effective Radiation Dose ◽  
Wrist Trauma ◽  
Effective Radiation

Background The use and frequency of computed tomography (CT) are increasing day by day in emergency departments (ED). This increases the amount of radiation exposed. Purpose To evaluate the image quality obtained by ultra-low-dose CT (ULDCT) in patients with suspected wrist fractures in the ED and to investigate whether it is an alternative to standard-dose CT (SDCT). Material and Methods This is a study prospectively examining 336 patients who consulted the ED for wrist trauma. After exclusion criteria were applied, the patients were divided into the study and control groups. Then, SDCT (120 kVp and 100 mAs) and ULDCT (80 kVp and 5 mAs) wrist protocols were applied simultaneously. The images obtained were evaluated for image quality and fracture independently by a radiologist and an emergency medical specialist using a 5-point scale. Results The effective radiation dose calculated for the control group scans was 41.1 ± 2.1 µSv, whereas the effective radiation dose calculated for the study group scans was 0.5 ± 0.0 µSv. The effective radiation dose of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P < 0.01). The CT images in the study group showed no significant differences in the mean image quality score between observer 1 and observer 2 (3.4 and 4.3, respectively; P = 0.58). Both observers could detect all fractures using the ULDCT images. Conclusion ULDCT provides high-quality images in wrist traumas while reducing the radiation dose by approximately 98% compared to SDCT without any changes in diagnostic accuracy.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Urolithiasis in Patients with Crohn's Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
Sook-young Woo ◽  
Eun Ran Kim ◽  
Sung Noh Hong ◽  
Dong Kyung Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Radiologic Findings ◽  
Plain Films ◽  
Urinary Tract Calculi ◽  
Few Data

Background: The incidence of urinary tract calculi is thought to be higher in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than that in the general population. However, few data are available about urolithiasis in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). We investigated the incidence of urolithiasis and the risk factors for urolithiasis in patients with CD. Methods: We examined the records of 387 patients with CD followed at Samsung Medical Center from July 2011 to June 2013. Evidence for the presence of calculi was obtained from radiologic findings (plain films, ultrasonography, or computed tomography), urinary colic symptoms, or a treatment history of urolithiasis after diagnosis of CD. Demographic variables, phenotype, concurrent medications, and previous CD-related surgery were analyzed. Results: Urinary tract calculi were found in 18 (4.7%) patients, which developed after the CD diagnosis. The incidence of urolithiasis in CD was 706 per 100,000 patient-years. Cox models with a time-dependent covariate showed that azathioprine (AZA)/6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) treatment (hazard ratio = 0.963; 95% CI: 0.931, 0.996; p = 0.030) was negatively associated with urolithiasis. Conclusions: The annual incidence rate of urolithiasis in patients with CD was 0.7%. AZA/6-MP therapy was associated with a low risk of urolithiasis in these patients.

scholarly journals Comparision of low dose computed tomography with standard dose computed tomography for evaluation of urolithiasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Jai Singh ◽  
Kirti Chaturvedy ◽  
Manish Chaturvedy ◽  
RN Gehlot ◽  
Divyangi Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography
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