scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PLASTIK MENJADI KEMASAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN SERTA UJI BIODEGRADASINYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Asiska Permata Dewi ◽  
Yulia Yesti
Keyword(s):  
Test Method ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
Soil Burial Test ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Biodegradable Packaging ◽  
Rate Profile

Manufacturing of prototype of plastics film for a biodegradable packaging from a mixture of polymer synthetic polystyrene (PS) and polycaprolactone (PCL) has been carried out. Plastics film containing of PS/PCL created by blending techniques followed by solvent casting, the ratios were 100/0, 95/5, 90/10 and 85/15. The resulting of plastic film is a clear sheet with an average thickness of 0.03 cm. The biodegradation rate profile was observed by soil burial test method to see the weight reduction of the plastic films tested for a certain period of time. The results showed that the biodegradation rate profile increased with the addition of PCL with the t50% in the 100/0, 95/5, 90/10 and 85/15 ratios respectively being 352.33; 91.19; 71.97 and 59.85 weeks, and t95% in the 100/0, 95/5, 90/10 and 85/15 ratios were respectively 677.01; 177.32; 139.43 and 115.79 weeks. Furthermore, the number of microbes present in each gram of soil is 1.83 x 105.

scholarly journals Effects of Tensile Stress and Soil Burial on Mechanical and Chemical Degradation Potential of Agricultural Plastic Films

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Han ◽  
Min Wei ◽  
Xiaoyan Shi ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Xulong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Biodegradable Film ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Soil Burial

Plastic film mulching is widely practiced in arid and semiarid farming systems, but the accumulation of plastic residues in soils can negatively affect soil properties. Therefore, efficient means of plastic film degradation are urgently needed to mitigate its unfriendly environmental impacts for sustainable land use. Here, we characterized the effects of tensile stress (TS) and soil burial (SB) on potential degradation properties of three film types: Polyethylene film (PEF), oxo-biodegradable film (OBDF), and biodegradable film (BDF). Weight loss, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, functional groups, and crystallinity were recorded after TS and SB treatments. The results indicated that: (1) Weight loss of plastic films was associated with SB, although the extent of weight loss depended on film type and was highest in BDF, (2) application of TS before SB weakened the mechanical properties of the films and increased their hydrophilicity, creating favorable conditions for the settlement of microorganisms on the film surface, (3) PEF treated with TS and SB had higher functional group indices and lower crystallinity. Our results highlighted that the combination of TS and SB has the potential to accelerate plastic film degradation.

Problems and Pitfalls in the Evaluation and Design of New Biocides for Plastics Applications*

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Kneale
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Ground Contact ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Soil Burial Test ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Biocidal Products ◽  
End Use

Many factors need to be considered in the design of new biocides for use in plastics applications. In Europe, biocides are now becoming more tightly regulated under the Biocidal Products Directive (BPD), and a significant data package needs to be provided not only for the registration of new actives, but also for existing biocides and biocidal formulations. A novel biocide must be compatible with the polymer matrix and must not adversely affect its physical properties. Once the issue of compatibility has been overcome, the antimicrobial efficacy of the biocide in the substrate should be established. Before selecting a test method to demonstrate such efficacy, it is necessary to consider whether the substrate should be pre-conditioned to simulate end use conditions, e.g. by leaching or artificial weathering. The final use of the product can also dictate the test protocol, e.g. a building membrane for ground contact should be evaluated using a soil burial test. Historically, biocides have been added to plastics to prevent their spoilage by fungal attack. Latterly, plastics with antibacterial effects have aroused much public interest. Advantages and disadvantages of traditional test methods will be discussed, and an alternative method for the evaluation of biocidal performance that is thought to be more representative of end use conditions will be presented.

Production and Characterization of Biodegradable Plastics Based on Starch of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam Seeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
Sutikno ◽  
Putut Marwoto ◽  
Ajeng Dian Puspita
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Soil Burial

The starch of artocarpus heterophyllus lam seeds was mixed with distilled water into a solution. The biodegradable plastics were made of starch, glycerol, and chitosan on the different volume fraction of glycerol at mixing temperature 80°C. The effect of glycerol addition on the microstructures, crystal structures, mechanical strength and thermal properties of specimens are completely reported. They were prepared based on the different volume fraction of glycerol, i.e., 2, 4 dan 6 (%Vol). The crystal structures of biodegradable plastic films were investigated using x-ray diffractometer and their thermal properties were analyzed employing thermogravimetric analysis. The biodegradabilities of specimens were obtained by soil burial test method using microorganisms. The maximum mechanical strength of biodegradable plastics is obtained about 4,7 MPa.

scholarly journals Modifikasi Polietilen sebagai komposit Plastik Polimer Biodegradable dengan Filler Tepung Kulit Pisang Talas

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Rahmat Basuki ◽  
Ninis Hadi Haryanti ◽  
Suryajaya Suryajaya ◽  
Sadang Husain
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Soil Burial Test ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Residual Weight

Synthetic polymer polyethylene LDPE has been grafted with natural polymers of banana talas (Musa paradisiacal Var sapientum L.) peels flour. The aim of this research is to make compossed plastic of the thermoplastic banana peels flour with LDPE resins plastic based on mechanic and degradation behaviours. Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) resins, glycerol, banana peels, humus soil, xylene p.a as the raw materials. Thermoplastic banana peels flour produced by added 30% glycerol concentration and then by aging for 2 weeks. The mixing of the thermoplastic banana peels flour with LDPE resins using a ratio of 1:3, 2:3 and 3:3. Xylene (coupling agent) 6 times of the total mass were added to increase compatibility between thermoplastic banana peels flour and LDPE. The mechanical properties of composite were analyzed using ASTM D638 method and the biodegradation capability composite were charactherized using soil burial test method. The results show that tensile strength in the ratio of 1:3, 2:3, 3:3 respectively were 28.94 kg/cm2, 36.16 kg/cm2, 29.94 kg/cm2. The percentage of residual weight show the biodegradation capability in the ratio of 1:3, 2:3, 3:3 was 98.46%, 97.67%, 98.24%. Mixing ratio of 2:3 thermoplastic banana peels flour and LDPE has the best value of tensile strength and degradation capability. Mixing ratio of 2:3 thermoplastic banana peels flour and LDPE has the best value of tensile strength and degradation capability.

scholarly journals Ultraviolet Transparency of Plastic Films Determines the Quality of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Grown in a Greenhouse

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Deissy Giovanna Quintero-Arias ◽  
John Fabio Acuña-Caita ◽  
Carlos Asensio ◽  
Juan Luis Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Cycle Growth

The quality of red lettuce is based on the content of anthocyanin pigments, and the content of these pigments increases when the plant receives ultraviolet radiation. Lettuce crops are increasingly being grown in greenhouses to provide better quality fresh lettuce; however, both quality and productivity are affected by the type of cover used. The effects of UV-transparent and UV-blocking plastic films on the growth and quality of three lettuce cultivars (‘Casabella’ and ‘Vera’, which are both green leaf, and ‘Lollo Rosso’, which is red leaf) were investigated. The crop was cultivated at an altitude of 2576 m a.s.l. to naturally expose it to high ultraviolet radiation. The height and diameter of plants, fresh and dry weight, leaf area index, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf colour were determined throughout the crop cycle. Growth characteristics were not significantly influenced by the plastic film in all cultivars, probably due to the high altitude and the high solar radiation received. The UV-transparent film could increase the red colour in ‘Lollo Rosso’, and a higher commercial quality was achieved. No effect of the plastic film on the yield component was observed in the ‘Casabella’ and ‘Vera’ cultivars. The findings of this study provide guidance on what cultivar and plastic film must be used in high-altitude areas where the solar and UV radiation is high.

Mycelium Composites and their Biodegradability: An Exploration on the Disintegration of Mycelium-Based Materials in Soil

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Van Wylick ◽  
Elise Elsacker ◽  
Li Li Yap ◽  
Eveline Peeters ◽  
Lars de Laet
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Process ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Soil Burial Test ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Environmental Properties ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Hemp Fibres

In the search for environmentally friendly materials, mycelium composites have been labelled as high potential bio-based alternatives to fossil-based and synthetic materials in various fields. Mycelium-based materials are praised for their biodegradability, however no scientific research nor standard protocols exist to substantiate this claim. This research therefore aims to develop an appropriate experimental methodology as well as to deliver a novel proof of concept of the material’s biodegradability. The applied methodology was adapted from a soil burial test under predefined laboratory conditions and hands-on preliminary experiments. The mycelium composite samples were placed in a nylon netting and then buried in potting soil with a grain size of 2 mm for different time-intervals ranging between one and sixteen weeks. Results showed that mycelium, which acted as the binder, had the tendency to decompose first. A weight loss of 43% was witnessed for inert samples made of the fungal strain Ganoderma resinaceum and hemp fibres after sixteen weeks. The disintegration rate in this method however depended on various parameters which were related to the material’s composition, its production method and the degradation process which involved the used equipment, materials and environmental properties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document