scholarly journals Identification of Neofusicoccum parvum causing canker and twig blight on Ficus carica in Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Dalia AIELLO ◽  
Giorgio GUSELLA ◽  
Alberto FIORENZA ◽  
Vladimiro GUARNACCIA ◽  
Giancarlo POLIZZI
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Neofusicoccum Parvum ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Twig Blight ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Fungal Colony

During June 2018, several symptomatic fig (Ficus carica) cuttings, showing twig blight, subcortical discolouration and apical dieback were collected from a nursery in Catania province, Sicily (Italy). Isolations from diseased tissue consistently showed the presence of the same fungal colony. Morphology of the fungal isolates together with sequence data of the nuclear rDNA internal transcriber spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene and partial beta-tubulin (tub2) gene of representatives isolates revealed the presence of the fungus Neofusicoccum parvum. Pathogenicity tests were conducted by inoculating fig cuttings with mycelial plugs. After 10 days, the inoculated plants developed cankers similar to those observed in the greenhouse and after 26 days all inoculated plants were dead. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report worldwide of N. parvum causing disease on this host.

scholarly journals Two new Lycoperdon species collected from Korea: L. albiperidium and L. subperlatum spp. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 260 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHANG SUN KIM ◽  
JONG WON JO ◽  
YOUNG-NAM KWAG ◽  
GI-HO SUNG ◽  
JAE-GU HAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha

Thirty-four Lycoperdon specimens from Korea were examined with the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA sequence data. The result of the ITS sequences phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Korean specimens represented nine different species. To confirm the taxonomic position of these species, we conducted an intensive morphological investigation, and additional phylogenetic investigation of the protein coding regions RNA polymerase subunit II (RPB2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1). We discovered two new species (L. albiperidium and L. subperlatum) and one (L. ericaeum) newly discovered in Korea. Lycoperdon albiperidium is closely related to L. ericaeum based on ITS, RPB2 and TEF1 sequence data, but these species were distinguishable by morphological characteristics, especially the shape of the basidiocarps, the diameter of the eucapillitial threads and the size of the basidospores. Lycoperdon subperlatum is quite similar to the European and American L. perlatum based on morphological characteristics. However, L. subperlatum is clearly distinct from European and American L. perlatum based on ITS, RPB2 and TEF1 sequence data, and somewhat differs from them in macro- and microscopic characteristics. Based on morphological characteristics, L. ericaeum is related to L. subumbrinum and L. lividum but it is distinguishable by the presence of fragile, eucapillitial threads, the diameters of the threads and ITS sequences. Here, we describe four Lycoperdon species collected in Korea.

Melanoleuca juliannae (Basidiomycota, Tricholomataceae), a new species from subgen. Urticocystis

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 013 ◽  
Author(s):  
VLADIMÍR ANTONÍN ◽  
IMRE RIMÓCZI ◽  
LAJOS BENEDEK ◽  
VIKTOR PAPP ◽  
János Gergő Szarkándi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Melanoleuca juliannae is described from Hungary. Its most outstanding character is the presence of a violaceous-blue colour in the stipe base. Sequence comparisons with other Melanoleuca species revealed highly similar but decolourate members of the species, lacking the remarkable colour of the stipe. These specimens are described as Melanoleuca juliannae var. decolorans based on three collections from the Czech Republic and Italy. Detailed macro- and microscopic descriptions of the new species are given. The position of M. juliannae within subgen. Urticocystis was confirmed by DNA sequence data of the ITS region of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene cluster and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1). Although intra-individual heterogeneity in ITS region was revealed in some specimens of the type variety, the tef1 sequences lack a similar heterogeneity.

Alternaria telliensis sp. nov., a new species isolated from Solanaceae in Algeria

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 440 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
NABAHAT BESSADAT ◽  
BRUNO HAMON ◽  
NELLY BATAILLE-SIMONEAU ◽  
KIHAL MABROUK ◽  
PHILIPPE SIMONEAU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Alternaria Species ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
North Western ◽  
A New Species

During a biodiversity survey of Alternaria associated with leaf spot and blight of Solanaceae, a large collection of strains was obtained from samples collected in north-western regions of Algeria in 2013–2018 growing seasons. Amongst these strains, three isolates recovered from tomato and potato had morphological traits different from that usually observed for Alternaria species previously reported on Solanaceae. Based on analysis of a sequence dataset corresponding to portions of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) and RNA polymerase second largest subunit (rpb2) genes along with morphological observations, isolates were identified as a new species in the section Japonicae. This novel species, described here as Alternaria telliensis, is phylogenetically and morphologically distinct from A. japonica and A. nepalensis in this section. Pathogenicity tests were performed and isolates were found to be weakly pathogenic to tomato and potato (Solanaceae) while highly aggressive on radish, cabbage and turnip (Brassicaceae) plants.

scholarly journals Characterization of Botryosphaeriaceae Species as Causal Agents of Trunk Diseases on Grapevines

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 1678-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Carlucci ◽  
Francesca Cibelli ◽  
Francesco Lops ◽  
Maria Luisa Raimondo
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Neofusicoccum Parvum ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Trunk Diseases ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

Botryosphaeriaceae spp. have a cosmopolitan distribution and a wide range of plant hosts. Over the last 15 years, worldwide, 21 species of this family have been associated with grapevine trunk diseases that cause cankers and dieback on grapevines. Here, we surveyed vineyards of Vitis vinifera ‘Lambrusco’, ‘Sangiovese’, and ‘Montepulciano’ in three areas of the Foggia province (Cerignola, Foggia, and San Severo) in southern Italy. Wood samples from grapevines showing general decline, dieback, cankers, and wood and foliar discoloration yielded 344 fungal isolates identified as Botryosphaeriaceae spp. A phylogenetic study combining internal transcribed spacer and translation elongation factor 1-α sequences of 60 representative isolates identified nine botryosphaeriaceous species: Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia corticola, D. mutila, D. seriata, Dothiorella iberica, Do. sarmentorum, Lasiodiplodia citricola, L. theobromae, and Neofusicoccum parvum. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that all nine species cause canker and dieback of grapevines. However, this is the first report of L. citricola as causal agent of wood cankers and dieback of grapevine. To date, including L. citricola, there are 25 botryosphaeriaceous species associated with V. vinifera worldwide, of which 12 have been reported for grapevines in Italy.

Identification and pathogenicity of Diplodia, Neofusicoccum, Cadophora and Diaporthe species associated with cordon dieback in kiwifruit cv. Hayward in central Chile

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo A Díaz ◽  
Juan Pablo Zoffoli ◽  
Enrique Ferrada ◽  
Mauricio A. Lolas
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Diplodia Seriata ◽  
Neofusicoccum Parvum ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Dieback Disease

Dieback symptoms associated with fungal trunk pathogens cause significant economic losses to kiwifruit and other woody fruit trees worldwide. This study represents the first attempt to identify and characterize the fungal trunk pathogens associated with cordon dieback disease of kiwifruit in central Chile. Field surveys were conducted throughout the main kiwifruit-growing regions in central Chile to determine the incidence and to characterize the fungal trunk pathogens associated with cordon dieback of kiwifruit cv. Hayward through morphological, molecular and pathogenicity studies. A total of 250 cordon samples were collected, and the isolations were performed on acidified potato dextrose agar (2%, APDA) plus antibiotics and Igepal. The incidence of kiwifruit cordon dieback ranged between 5 and 85% in all surveyed areas in central Chile. A total of 246 isolates were isolated and identified using culture and morphological features as belonging to three fungal taxa. Diaporthaceae spp. (Diaporthe ambigua and D. australafricana; n=133 isolates), Botryosphaeriaceae spp. (Diplodia seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum; n=89 isolates) and Ploettnerulaceae spp. (Cadophora luteo-olivacea and C. malorum; n=24 isolates) were identified using phylogenetics studies of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the rDNA, part of the β-tubulin gene (tub2) and part of the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (tef1-α). Isolates of N. parvum and Di. seriata were the most virulent, causing internal brown lesion and dieback symptoms in attached green shoots, attached lignified canes and young inoculated kiwifruits. This report is the first to describe Di. seriata and C. luteo-olivacea associated with kiwifruit cordon dieback in Chile and presents the first description of N. parvum causing kiwifruit dieback worldwide.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Aggressiveness of Fusarium spp. Isolated from Canola in Alberta, Canada

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongyan Chen ◽  
Qixing Zhou ◽  
Stephen E. Strelkov ◽  
Sheau-Fang Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Fusarium Seedling Blight ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

Canola (Brassica napus) is one of the most economically important oilseed crops in Canada. Fusarium seedling blight is a root disease with the potential to cause severe yield reductions in canola. Fusarium spp. are commonly isolated root pathogens from fields in Alberta. Fusarium infection can also cause root rot in adult plants. In this study, 128 isolates identified as Fusarium spp. were recovered from field soils in central Alberta and from the roots of diseased canola plants with typical Fusarium seedling blight symptoms. Six species of Fusarium were identified, with Fusarium acuminatum as the predominant species (57 of 128 isolates, 44.5%). Phylogenetic analyses based on the translation elongation factor 1-α and the internal transcribed spacer sequence data were used for evaluation of genetic variations, and also used for Fusarium spp. identification in combination with morphological characteristics and polymerase chain reaction-based analyses. Based on disease ratings in pathogenicity tests, six isolates of F. avenaceum showed high aggressiveness on canola. Also, the aggressiveness varied within all Fusarium spp. No correlation was observed between aggressiveness and the geographic origin of the isolates.

scholarly journals The genus Arthrinium (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Apiosporaceae) from marine habitats from Korea, with eight new species

IMA Fungus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Lul Kwon ◽  
Myung Soo Park ◽  
Seokyoon Jang ◽  
Young Min Lee ◽  
Young Mok Heo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

AbstractSpecies of Arthrinium are well-known plant pathogens, endophytes, or saprobes found in various terrestrial habitats. Although several species have been isolated from marine environments and their remarkable biological activities have been reported, marine Arthrinium species remain poorly understood. In this study, the diversity of this group was evaluated based on material from Korea, using morphological characterization and molecular analyses with the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, β-tubulin (TUB), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF). A total of 41 Arthrinium strains were isolated from eight coastal sites which represented 14 species. Eight of these are described as new to science with detailed descriptions.

scholarly journals Identification of the fungal endophyte of Ammophila breviligulata (American beachgrass) as Epichloë amarillans

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Drake ◽  
James F. White Jr ◽  
Faith C. Belanger
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Ammophila Breviligulata ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

The grass Ammophila breviligulata (American beachgrass) is known to host an endophyte of the genus Epichloë. Based on morphological characteristics it was originally identified as Acremonium typhinum var. ammophilae and is currently designated as Epichloë typhina var. ammophilae. However, the Epichloë species has not previously been identified based on DNA sequence data. Based on phylogenetic placement of beta-tubulin and translation elongation factor 1-alpha DNA sequences the endophyte is identified as a member of E. amarillans rather than E. typhina.

Population, Virulence and Mycotoxin Profile of Fusarium spp. Associated with Basal Rot of Allium spp. in Vietnam

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dung Le ◽  
Maarten Ameye ◽  
Marthe De Boevre ◽  
Sarah De Saeger ◽  
Kris Audenaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Basal Rot ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Fusarium Basal Rot ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

Fusarium basal rot (FBR) is particularly problematic to Allium producers worldwide. In Vietnam, information on the profile of FBR is scarce, despite the presence of Fusarium spp. in Allium plants has long been recorded. In the present study, a total of 180 isolates of Fusarium spp. were recovered from Allium bulbs/plants showing symptoms of FBR in 34 commercial Allium fields around Da Lat, Lam Dong (Vietnam). These isolates were identified to the species level by using sequencing the ITS region and the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF-1α) gene. F. oxysporum was found to be most prevalent (81%) in samples from all locations and Allium varieties, followed by F. solani (15%) and F. proliferatum (4%) which was only found in onion (Allium cepa L.). Pathogenicity tests on onion seedlings (56 isolates) and mini bulbs (10 isolates) indicated that onion can be infected by all these species, but that the virulence varied greatly between isolates. Moreover, isolates that were virulent on seedlings were sometimes not virulent on bulbs and vice versa, which points to a specialization of isolates for the host phenology. Mycotoxin analyses showed that the highest amounts of beauvericin were detected in seedlings and bulbs infected by F. oxysporum, whereas F. proliferatum was mainly responsible for the presence of fumonisin B1 in bulbs, suggesting a natural occurrence of beauvericin and fumonisin B1 in onions infected by these pathogens.

New species of Nectria and Thyronectria from Xinjiang, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 433 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
RONG MA ◽  
SHENG-NAN LI ◽  
YING ZHAO ◽  
MIN WANG ◽  
THEMIS J. MICHAILIDES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Alpha Actin ◽  
First Time ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Nectria berberidis sp. nov. and Thyronectria berberidicola sp. nov. isolated from Berberis heteropoda in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, are described and illustrated. Nectria berberidis is characterized by clavate asci (50–87 × 8–12 μm) with ellipsoidal to fusiform, 1-septate ascospores. Thyronectria berberidicola is characterized by clavate asci (117–25.9 × 63.7–117.9 μm) with ellipsoidal to fusiform ascospores that have 5–8 transverse septa and 1(–2) longitudinal septum. Ascospores bud to produce hyaline, bacillar ascoconidia. Phylogenetic analyses based on alpha-actin (ACT), the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the large nuclear ribosomal RNA subunit (LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) and the β-tubulin (TUB) sequence data revealed that isolates of N. berberidis and T. berberidicola form a distinct clade within Nectria and Thyronectria, respectively. In addition, Nectria nigrescens is reported for the first time in China.

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