scholarly journals Molecular and pathogenic characterization of Cochliobolus anamorphs associated with common root rot of wheat in Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Göksel ÖZER ◽  
Mustafa IMREN ◽  
Mehtap ALKAN ◽  
Timothy C. PAULITZ ◽  
Harun BAYRAKTAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Primer Binding Site ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Common Root Rot

Genetic variation among the Azerbaijani isolates of anamorphs of Cochliobolus spp., the causal agents of common root rot of wheat, was evaluated using pathogenicity assessments, sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) gene, as well as inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers. Twenty-eight isolates used in this study were obtained from diseased wheat plants in cereal growing regions of Azerbaijan in 2017. Bipolaris sorokiniana, Curvularia spicifera, and Curvularia inaequalis were identified. Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates were the most virulent on wheat seedlings, followed by isolates of C. spicifera and C. inaequalis. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset of the ITS and GPDH regions grouped the isolates into three clusters, each of which contained isolates of one species. The dendrogram derived from the unweighted pair-grouped method by arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analyses based on the data of ISSR and iPBS markers divided the isolates into three clusters in concordance to their taxonomic grouping at species level, but without correlation to their geographic origins. Population structure of isolates was estimated based on Bayesian modelling, and this showed three populations (K = 3) supporting the separation of isolates in the dendrogram with the greatest mean value of Ln likelihood (-893,8). Utilization of the markers either separately or together produced a high level of polymorphism at interspecies level, which allowed for the separation of species. Although both marker systems had similar discrimination power to reveal genetic differences among the species, ISSR markers were more informative for eliciting intraspecies polymorphisms within B. sorokiniana and C. spicifera isolates. This is the first study on genetic diversity and population structure of anamorphic stages of Cochliobolus associated with common root rot of wheat using iPBS markers.

scholarly journals Antagonistic Strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens XZ34-1 for Controlling Bipolaris sorokiniana and Promoting Growth in Wheat

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1526
Author(s):  
Yanjie Yi ◽  
Youtian Shan ◽  
Shifei Liu ◽  
Yanhui Yang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Common Root Rot

Common root rot, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, is one of the most prevalent diseases of wheat and has led to major declines in wheat yield and quality worldwide. Here, strain XZ34-1 was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on the morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence. Culture filtrate (CF) of strain XZ34-1 showed a high inhibition rate against B.sorokiniana and had a broad antifungal spectrum. It also remarkably inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of B. sorokiniana. In pot control experiments, the incidence and disease index of common root rot in wheat seedlings were decreased after treatment with CF, and the biological control efficacy was significant, up to 78.24%. Further studies showed XZ34-1 could produce antifungal bioactive substances and had the potential of promoting plant growth. Lipopeptide genes detection with PCR indicated that strain XZ34-1 may produce lipopeptides. Furthermore, activities of defense-related enzymes were enhanced in wheat seedlings after inoculation with B.sorokiniana and treatment with CF, which showed induced resistance could be produced in wheat to resist pathogens. These results reveal that strain XZ34-1 is a promising candidate for application as a biological control agent against B.sorokiniana.

Nocardiopsis dassonvillei strain MB22 from the Algerian Sahara promotes wheat seedlings growth and potentially controls the common root rot pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 1115-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadidja Allali ◽  
Yacine Goudjal ◽  
Miyada Zamoum ◽  
Khaoula Bouznada ◽  
Nasserdine Sabaou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Algerian Sahara ◽  
The Common

Resistance to soil-borne diseases of wheat: Contributions from the wheatgrasses Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjie Li ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
T. D. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Oculimacula Yallundae

Eyespot, Cephalosporium stripe, and common root rot are soil-borne diseases that damage the stem bases, vascular system, subcrown internodes,and roots of wheat. Resistance in wheat to these diseases is insufficient to prevent significant yield loss when disease is severe. The wheatgrasses Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum are highly resistant to these diseases. Identification of disease-resistant wheat-Thinopyrum partial amphiploids, chromosome addition, substitution, and translocation lines makes them a valuable source of resistance genes for wheat breeding programs. Single chromosomes or chromosome segments containing resistance genes can be transferred into wheat to produce genetic stocks that afford a better understanding of the genetic control of resistance in wheatgrasses and new genetic resources for wheat improvement. Resistance to eyespot in Th. intermedium and Th. ponticum was associated with the homoeologous group 4 chromosomes, whereas resistance to Cephalosporium stripe was controlled by genes located on chromosomes 3 and 6 of Th. ponticum. Despite the fact that some eyespot- and common root rot-resistant wheat-Thinopyrum lines have blue kernels, resistance is not tightly linked to the blue aleurone trait. Key words: Thinopyrum intermedium, Th. ponticum, eyespot, Cephalosporium stripe, common root rot, Oculimacula yallundae, O. acuformis, Cephalosporium gramineum, Bipolaris sorokiniana

scholarly journals Distribution and Prevalence of Fusarium Crown Rot and Common Root Rot Pathogens of Wheat in Montana

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 1099-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto A. Moya-Elizondo ◽  
Lisa J. Rew ◽  
Barry J. Jacobsen ◽  
Andrew C. Hogg ◽  
Alan T. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Fusarium Crown Rot ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Isolation Methods ◽  
First Time

Distribution of Fusarium crown rot (FCR) and common root rot (CRR) pathogens associated with wheat (Triticum aestivum) in 91 fields in Montana were determined during the 2008 and 2009 crop seasons using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and conventional isolation methods. Correlations (P < 0.001) were found between detection methods for both diseases. FCR was detected in 57% of the fields and CRR was detected in 93% of the fields surveyed. Percent incidence based on isolation from individual tillers was Bipolaris sorokiniana (15%), F. culmorum (13%), and F. pseudograminearum (8%). FCR populations were highly variable across the regions and were not detected in any fields from the Gb5 soil types of Judith Basin and Fergus counties. The spatial distributions of FCR and CRR were affected by elevation, soil type, and temperature. High FCR populations were associated with spring wheat crops rather than winter wheat based on qPCR (P < 0.001). FCR and CRR could produce yield losses in a range of 3 to 35%. This study is the first time that qPCR was used to survey these two pathogen groups, and the merits and weakness of qPCR relative to traditional isolation methods are discussed.

scholarly journals Lack of Relationship Between Susceptibility to Common Root Rot and Drought Tolerance Among Several Closely Related Wheat Lines

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Piccinni ◽  
C. M. Rush ◽  
K. M. Vaughn ◽  
M. D. Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Wheat Lines

Common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a disease of wheat associated with plant stress. Three cultivars (Siouxland, TAM 200, and TAM 107) and several hard red winter wheat lines closely related to TAM 107, but known to differ with respect to drought tolerance, were included in a 2-year dryland field study to evaluate whether observed variation in drought tolerance was associated with susceptibility to B. sorokiniana. Untreated seed of each entry or seed treated with imazalil was planted in soil naturally infested with B. sorokiniana. Plants were evaluated at jointing and at harvest. Disease incidence and severity, number of plants, number of heads, and grain weight per meter were evaluated. Grain weight and number of heads of individual plants were recorded in order to correlate disease rating of each plant with yield components. Plot yield and test weight also were measured. There were significant entry by seed treatment interactions for number of heads per plant, grain weight per plant, and grain weight per meter. A year by treatment interaction was found for the jointing disease index, and plants grown from seed treated with imazalil had a significantly lower disease index than those grown from nontreated seed. Observed drought tolerance among the three varieties and eight closely related plant introductions was not associated with disease susceptibility to common root rot.

Biological Control of Common Root Rot of Wheat (Bipolaris sorokiniana) by Trichoderma Isolates

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Salehpour . ◽  
H.R. Etebarian . ◽  
A. Roustaei . ◽  
G. Khodakaramian . ◽  
H. Aminian .
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Trichoderma Isolates

The effects of fumigation, rotation with lupins, and nitrogen application on plant growth and common root rot of wheat at Geraldton, Western Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Wilson ◽  
J Hamblin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot

The effects of soil fumigation (98% methyl bromide + 2% chloropicrin at 580 kg/ha) and N fertilizer (0, 12.5, 25, 50 or 100 kg N/ha) were examined in field trials on continuous wheat and wheat in rotation with lupins on the Geraldton sandplain. Fumigation increased grain yields at N fertilizer levels more or =25 kg/ha and was associated with reduced incidence and severity of common root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana)[Cochliobolus sativus]. Grain yield was not significantly affected by rotation. Fumigation increased soil ammonium levels and decreased soil nitrate levels. Rotation of wheat and lupins increased mid-season growth at all levels of applied N but only increased grain yield where no N was applied.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Bacillus SPP. strains against barley diseases caused by Bipolaris Sorokiniana on cultivars of different resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. Kriuchkova ◽  
◽  
T. I. Patyka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Medium Resistance ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
The Common ◽  
Bacillus Strains

The effect of Bacillus strains, B. subtilis 16 and B. pumilus 11, on two barley diseases caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker has been studied. It was found that the activity depends on both the resistance of the cultivar against disease and the bacterial strain. The severity of spot blotch of barley decreased significantly when the cell suspension of B. subtilis strain16 was sprayed on the leaves of disease-susceptible cultivars Nashсhadok, but failed to inhibit the disease on the leaves of resistant cultivars. Applying the cell suspensions into plant growth media significantly inhibited the common root rot on susceptible cultivar Syaivo, which, however, was not accompanied by an increase in the biomass of seedlings. A significant increase in the weight of shoots and roots of seedlings was observed on cultivars with medium resistance to the disease: Sebastian and Antey.

THE SEED VALUE OF FROST-DAMAGED WHEAT AS DETERMINED BY ITS COMMERCIAL GRADE, BUSHEL WEIGHT AND SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-152
Author(s):  
J. D. Banting ◽  
Y. S. Wu ◽  
L. H. Shebeski
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Reliable Index ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Commercial Grade ◽  
Common Root Rot

Following the occurrence of extensive frost damage in August of 1950 nearly 300 samples of bread wheat were collected from a widespread area of Saskatchewan. The adequacy of the commercial grading system in evaluating such grain for seed purposes was determined by comparing grade and bushel weight of each sample with its germination. Commercial grade provided a reasonably reliable index of frost damage in wheat.Composite samples, consisting of distinct types of frost damage, served as the basis for a method of predicting germination and emergence of individual samples. The method provided a satisfactory means of determining the value of frosted grain for seed.The effect of certain treatments on vigour of seedlings from frosted wheat was tested by means of the various composite types. Seed treatment with a mercuric fungic de was found to be practicable and shallow seeding into moisture was emphasized. Seed dressings with gamma BHC, at the rate recommended for wireworm control, were more injurious to frosted than sound wheat. Seedlings from frosted grain were more susceptible to common root rot, H. sativum, and drought than seedlings from sound grain. The slower growth rate of the former was doubtless a contributing factor.

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