scholarly journals Wood micro-morphological characteristics of the Tribe Dalbergieae in Nigeria

Webbia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-306
Author(s):  
Deborah Moradeke Chukwuma ◽  
Abiodun Emmanuel Ayodele
Keyword(s):  
Fibre Length ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Plant Systematics ◽  
Transverse Wall ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Ray Cells ◽  
Perforation Plates

The present study examined the wood micro-characters of 18 species of the tribe Dalbergieae across 4 genera in Nigeria,  following previously described methods by other authors. The species are distributed across all geo-ecological zones of the country but more abundant in the southern area which is characterized by higher precipitation. Findings clearly showed that members of the tribe Dalbergieae have more generic/tribal characteristics than delimiting characters. The species have certain unifying characters such as diffuse pore porosity, simple perforation plates, oblique to orthogonal vessel transverse wall inclination, prismatic/styloid crystals, and non-septate fibres. Vessels were longest and widest in D. saxatilis, about 197.89x104.23µm. On the contrary, the shortest was observed in D. hostilis - 67.62 µm while the narrowest was in D. oligophylla (28.4 µm). While fibre length was highest in P. mildbraedii (331.22 µm±7.5) and smallest in D. saxatilis (0.69 µm±0.0), the ray cells were longest in D. saxatilis (185µm) and shortest in P. santalinoides (41.82µm) respectively. We confirm here that anatomical studies should not be neglected in plant systematics, even though molecular approaches have been the focus in recent times.

scholarly journals WOOD ANATOMICAL STUDIES REVEAL TAXONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS, ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE AND PULP POTENTIAL IN FOUR TAXA OF Mussaenda (RUBIACEAE) GROWN IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Felix I. Nwafor ◽  
◽  
Ugochukwu Igwe ◽  
Chidi Ogbonna ◽  
Godswill Ajuziogu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unique Feature ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Natural Region ◽  
Derived Savanna ◽  
Perforation Plates ◽  
Fibre Morphology

Current study was carried out to assess the taxonomic, ecological significance, and paper making potential of four taxa of Mussaenda L. (Rubiaceae) viz., M. elegans, M. erythrophylla, M. philippica var. aurorae, and M. ‘Dona Aurora’ through wood anatomical studies. Each of the taxa was collected from its natural region of provenance in two different ecological zones (Derived Savanna and Tropical Rainforest) of Nigeria. Observations from different planes of sections were made and wood maceration was carried out for fibre morphology. Absent to scanty paratracheal axial parenchyma, septate fibres, pitted vessels, storied heterocellular rays, and simple perforation plates were common features in all taxa. However, multiseriate and wider rays distinguished the exotic species from the indigenous species, and the semi-diffuse porous wood pattern was a unique feature in M. ‘Dona Aurora’. Quantitative data showed considerable variations in case of fibre lengths among the four taxa i.e. M. elegans, M. erythrophylla, M. philippica var. aurorae, and M. ‘Dona Aurora’ and was recorded 0.80 ± 0.02 µm, 0.70 ± 0.05 µm, 0.65 ± 0.03 µm and 0.64 ± 0.04 µm respectively. These observations showed that all species belong to Wood Type II of Rubiaceae and support their inclusion in the Tribe Mussaendeae and Order Ixoroideae. The influence of environmental factors was evident in the significant elongation of wood vessels of samples collected from more humid areas, but with no significant effect on their paper-making potential. More so, M. “Doña Aurora”, had general scores, would be most suitable for pulp and paper making.

WOOD ANATOMICAL STUDIES REVEAL TAXONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS, ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE AND PULP POTENTIAL IN FOUR TAXA OF Mussaenda (RUBIACEAE) GROWN IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Felix I. Nwafor ◽  
◽  
Ugochukwu Igwe ◽  
Chidi Ogbonna ◽  
Godswill Ajuziogu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unique Feature ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Natural Region ◽  
Derived Savanna ◽  
Perforation Plates ◽  
Fibre Morphology

Current study was carried out to assess the taxonomic, ecological significance, and paper making potential of four taxa of Mussaenda L. (Rubiaceae) viz., M. elegans, M. erythrophylla, M. philippica var. aurorae, and M. ‘Dona Aurora’ through wood anatomical studies. Each of the taxa was collected from its natural region of provenance in two different ecological zones (Derived Savanna and Tropical Rainforest) of Nigeria. Observations from different planes of sections were made and wood maceration was carried out for fibre morphology. Absent to scanty paratracheal axial parenchyma, septate fibres, pitted vessels, storied heterocellular rays, and simple perforation plates were common features in all taxa. However, multiseriate and wider rays distinguished the exotic species from the indigenous species, and the semi-diffuse porous wood pattern was a unique feature in M. ‘Dona Aurora’. Quantitative data showed considerable variations in case of fibre lengths among the four taxa i.e. M. elegans, M. erythrophylla, M. philippica var. aurorae, and M. ‘Dona Aurora’ and was recorded 0.80 ± 0.02 µm, 0.70 ± 0.05 µm, 0.65 ± 0.03 µm and 0.64 ± 0.04 µm respectively. These observations showed that all species belong to Wood Type II of Rubiaceae and support their inclusion in the Tribe Mussaendeae and Order Ixoroideae. The influence of environmental factors was evident in the significant elongation of wood vessels of samples collected from more humid areas, but with no significant effect on their paper-making potential. More so, M. “Doña Aurora”, had general scores, would be most suitable for pulp and paper making.

WOOD ANATOMICAL STUDIES REVEAL TAXONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS, ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE AND PULP POTENTIAL IN FOUR TAXA OF Mussaenda (RUBIACEAE) GROWN IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Felix I. Nwafor ◽  
◽  
Ugochukwu Igwe ◽  
Chidi Ogbonna ◽  
Godswill Ajuziogu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unique Feature ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Natural Region ◽  
Derived Savanna ◽  
Perforation Plates ◽  
Fibre Morphology

Current study was carried out to assess the taxonomic, ecological significance, and paper making potential of four taxa of Mussaenda L. (Rubiaceae) viz., M. elegans, M. erythrophylla, M. philippica var. aurorae, and M. ‘Dona Aurora’ through wood anatomical studies. Each of the taxa was collected from its natural region of provenance in two different ecological zones (Derived Savanna and Tropical Rainforest) of Nigeria. Observations from different planes of sections were made and wood maceration was carried out for fibre morphology. Absent to scanty paratracheal axial parenchyma, septate fibres, pitted vessels, storied heterocellular rays, and simple perforation plates were common features in all taxa. However, multiseriate and wider rays distinguished the exotic species from the indigenous species, and the semi-diffuse porous wood pattern was a unique feature in M. ‘Dona Aurora’. Quantitative data showed considerable variations in case of fibre lengths among the four taxa i.e. M. elegans, M. erythrophylla, M. philippica var. aurorae, and M. ‘Dona Aurora’ and was recorded 0.80 ± 0.02 µm, 0.70 ± 0.05 µm, 0.65 ± 0.03 µm and 0.64 ± 0.04 µm respectively. These observations showed that all species belong to Wood Type II of Rubiaceae and support their inclusion in the Tribe Mussaendeae and Order Ixoroideae. The influence of environmental factors was evident in the significant elongation of wood vessels of samples collected from more humid areas, but with no significant effect on their paper-making potential. More so, M. “Doña Aurora”, had general scores, would be most suitable for pulp and paper making.

scholarly journals Anatomia da madeira de Colletia paradoxa (Spreng.) Escalante

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Microscopic Anatomy ◽  
Physiological Aspect ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Ray Cells ◽  
Perforation Plates

This paper deals with the description of general, macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of Colletia paradoxa (Spreng.) Escalante, an aphyllous and xerophilous shrub from Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Pores of very small diameter, very short vessel elements, spiral thickenings and simple perforation plates in vessels, non sptate libriform fibers, scanty paratracheal axial paranchyma, and Heterogeneous II rays were observed in the wood.. Perforated cells are also common in rays. The presence of perforated ray cells and anatomical features of the vessel elements are discussed with respect to eco-physiological aspect of the plant and wood anatomy literature.

scholarly journals In Vitro Morphological Characteristics of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Isolates from Several Algerian Agro-Ecological Zones

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamida Benslimane ◽  
Souhila Aouali ◽  
Assia Khalfi ◽  
Shaukat Ali ◽  
Zouaoui Bouznad
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

scholarly journals Trabeculae and Al-accumulation in the wood cells of Melastomataceae species from Brazilian savanna

Botany ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-530
Author(s):  
Camilla Rozindo Dias Milanez ◽  
Carmen Regina Marcati ◽  
Silvia Rodrigues Machado
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Gelatinous Fibers ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Ray Cells ◽  
Gelatinous Fiber ◽  
The Common ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Perforation Plates ◽  
First Time ◽  
Additional Role

Family Melastomataceae is an important component of the Brazilian Cerrado flora, inhabiting different environments from those with well-drained soils to swamp soil sites. Several members of this family are recognized as aluminum (Al)-accumulating. We studied the wood anatomy of six species of Melastomataceae (Miconia albicans (Sw.) Triana, M. fallax DC., M. chamissois Naudin, M. ligustroides (DC.) Naudin, Microlepis oleaefolia (DC.) Triana, Rhynchanthera dichotoma DC.), growing in different environments of Cerrado, exploring the occurrence of trabeculae and Al-accumulation sites. We processed the material following the usual techniques in wood anatomy and histochemistry. We used a chrome azurol-S spot-test in fresh material to detect Al-accumulation. The common features were diffuse porosity, vessel elements with simple perforation plates and vestured pits, abundant parenchyma-like fiber bands and septate fibers, axial parenchyma scanty to vasicentric, and heterocellular rays. The presence of trabeculae in vessel elements, septa in parenchyma cells, and aluminum in the G-layer of the gelatinous fiber walls, in the septa of fibers, in cambial initials and derivatives cell walls, and in the vacuole of ray cells are recorded for the first time for Melastomataceae. The results of this study indicate an additional role for gelatinous fibers in Al-accumulation, and offer a new perspective on Al-compartmentalization in the wood cells from Cerrado species.

scholarly journals Systematic wood anatomical study in some species of Sapindaceae Juss. in South-Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
M. Bulama-Modu ◽  
◽  
T. K. Muftaudeen ◽  
A. E. Ayodele ◽  
A. J. Akinloye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Section ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Radial Section ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ray Cells ◽  
Diffuse Porous ◽  
Blighia Sapida

Comparative wood anatomical studies was carried out on ten species in the family Sapindaceae. The species were relatively uniform in the features of their vessels, in which diffuse porous was observed with solitary vessels to pore multiples in transverse section and ray cells were predominantly heterogeneous in radial section. Fibres were long and extensive. The longest fibre was observed in Blighia sapida (1025±28.5 µm), while the shortest fibre was observed in Cardiospermum halicacabum (139±6.5 µm). The longest vessel was observed in Deinbolia pinnata (509±34.9 µm) and the shortest vessel was observed in Cardiospermum halicacabum (85.36±4.9 µm). The implication of these features in the taxonomy of the family was discussed. The Dendrogram based on the quantitative wood characters confirmed Allophylus africanus and Allophylus spicatus belong to the same genus as classified, likewise Blighia unijugata, Blighia sapida but Cardiospermum halicacabum is closely related to Paullinia pinnata while others exhibited distinct generic characters.

scholarly journals DNA Barcoding of Mosquitoes from the Pantanos de Centla Biosphere Reserve, Southeastern Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-207
Author(s):  
Aldo I. Ortega-Morales ◽  
Luis M. Hernández-Triana ◽  
Rahuel J. Chan-Chable ◽  
Javier A. Garza-Hernández ◽  
Vicente H. González-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Large Numbers

ABSTRACT Accurate identification of mosquito species is essential to support programs that involve the study of distribution and mosquito control. Numerous mosquito species are difficult to identify based only on morphological characteristics, due to the morphological similarities in different life stages and large numbers of some species that are members of morphologically similar species complexes. In the present study, the mosquitoes collected in the Pantanos de Centla Biosphere Reserve, southeastern Mexico, were evaluated using a combination of morphological and molecular approaches (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [COI] DNA barcode). A total of 1,576 specimens of 10 genera and 35 species, mostly adult stages, were collected. A total of 225 COI DNA barcode sequences were analyzed; most species formed well-supported groups in the neighbor joining, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference trees. The intraspecific Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) genetic distance averaged 1.52%. An intraspecific K2P distance of 6.20% was observed in Anopheles crucians s.l., while a deep split was identified in Culex erraticus and Cx. conspirator. This study showed that COI DNA barcodes offer a reliable approach to support mosquito species identification in Mexico.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics of different accessions of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. and physico-chemical properties of soil of their growing region in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Distribution as well as adaptation of Cynodon dactylon to different ecological zones of Bangladesh is mainly dependant on weather and adaphic factors of their respective habitats. Generally, it is a warm season perennial grass species that initiates growth in the vernal season and its growth continues rapidly when moisture is adequate and they find the alkaline clay soil as their habitat. From that point of view, this study was aimed at analysing the morphological variations of Cynodon dactylon ecotypes along with determining the physicochemical properties of soils from their particular habitats. A total of 19 ecotypes /accessions from four different zones of Bangladesh were collected along with the habitat soil and all of them were transplanted in experimentation field of Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. All the accessions were established in 1.5 × 1.4 m plots separately. At maturity just after started flowering, the morphological data on 26 characters were recorded quantitatively and those were analysed statistically. Rhizomatous and stoloniferous nature was observed from randomly selected areas within the plot. Both significant and non-significant variations were found among the morphological characters. Most of the vegetative and reproductive characters were found to show significant variations among the accessions. In addition, the values obtained on physio-chemical properties of soil were tabulated and their magnitude were determined and interpreted following Fertilization Recommendation Guide. In respect of soil properties variation on morphological parameters of almost of all the accessions were observed. In this study, all the accessions were found to be adapted nicely in alkaline soil of the experimentation field and that might be due to their many physiological and biochemical mechanisms.

scholarly journals Prevalence and diversity of ectoparasites in Wild Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in Punjab region, Pakistan

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tayyub ◽  
S. Ali ◽  
A. Javid ◽  
M. Imran
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Infestation Rate ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Rock Pigeon

Abstract The current study was carried out to estimate the prevalence and diversity of ectoparasites in rock pigeons in different regions of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 120 birds were captured from March 2017 to February 2019. The ectoparasites were collected by standard procedures and preserved in 70% ethanol containing one drop of glycerin. Data related to age, health status, sex, type of area, sampling location and season were collected using a standardized form. Ectoparasites were identified based on morphological characteristics by using identification keys. Ninety-six (80%) birds were infested with ectoparasites. A total of seven families and thirteen species of different ectoparasites were observed. Mainly, seven species of lice, two species of flies, one species of tick and three species of mites were recovered from infested birds. The female pigeons were more often infested (89.02%) than male pigeons (60.52%). The prevalence was found higher during summer (100%) as compared to other seasons. The infestation rate was higher in Industrial area (97.50%) as compared to other regions. The highest prevalence of ectoparasites (100%) was recorded from Sargodha district. There was significant (P < 0.05) variation among number of ectoparasites on wing, chest, tail and neck within age groups, seasons and ecological zones. The occurrence of parasites in relation to area, age, health status, sex and season were significant. The infestation rate of parasites in rock pigeon is high in different districts of Punjab. It is recommended that these wild birds infested with multiple species of ectoparasites could be the potential source of infestations in domesticated birds if they come in contact with them. The contact of domesticated birds should be prevented from wild birds to minimize the chance of cross species transmission of ectoparasites.

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