scholarly journals Arterial Flow and Diameter-based Blood Pressure Models-an In-silico Comparison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Gonçalves Seabra ◽  
Alexandre Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Thomas Stieglitz ◽  
Ana Belen Amado Rey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
Ultrasound Sensor

<div>This paper investigates the best method for obtaining highly accurate blood pressure values in non-invasive measurements when using an ultrasound sensor. Deviations of the model should be less than 5 mmHg from the actual values. Different blood pressure models were analyzed and qualitatively compared. Relevant arterial parameters such as luminal area, flow velocity and pulse wave velocity, of 729 subjects were extracted from a computer simulated database and served as input parameters. Due to pulse wave variations through the arterial tree, such as viscoelasticity and arterial stiffness, the applied algorithms need to be specifically adapted to each arterial site. In-silico model comparison at different arterial sites were used to identify the parameters for individual equations that deduce the blood pressure at different arteries (carotid, brachial and radial). A linear model calibrated luminal area pulse wave to blood pressure and revealed to be most accurate model. The model was validated with a commercial pressure sensor in an ex-vivo experimental setup. The results showed an in-silico pulse pressure correlation of 0:978 and mean difference of (-2.134 ±2.477) mmHg at the radial artery and ex-vivo pressure correlation of 0:994 and mean difference of (0.554 ±2.315) mmHg.</div>

scholarly journals Arterial Flow and Diameter-based Blood Pressure Models-an In-silico Comparison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Gonçalves Seabra ◽  
Alexandre Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Thomas Stieglitz ◽  
Ana Belen Amado Rey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
Ultrasound Sensor

<div>This paper investigates the best method for obtaining highly accurate blood pressure values in non-invasive measurements when using an ultrasound sensor. Deviations of the model should be less than 5 mmHg from the actual values. Different blood pressure models were analyzed and qualitatively compared. Relevant arterial parameters such as luminal area, flow velocity and pulse wave velocity, of 729 subjects were extracted from a computer simulated database and served as input parameters. Due to pulse wave variations through the arterial tree, such as viscoelasticity and arterial stiffness, the applied algorithms need to be specifically adapted to each arterial site. In-silico model comparison at different arterial sites were used to identify the parameters for individual equations that deduce the blood pressure at different arteries (carotid, brachial and radial). A linear model calibrated luminal area pulse wave to blood pressure and revealed to be most accurate model. The model was validated with a commercial pressure sensor in an ex-vivo experimental setup. The results showed an in-silico pulse pressure correlation of 0:978 and mean difference of (-2.134 ±2.477) mmHg at the radial artery and ex-vivo pressure correlation of 0:994 and mean difference of (0.554 ±2.315) mmHg.</div>

scholarly journals Blood Pressure Models for Wearable Sensors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Gonçalves Seabra ◽  
Alexandre Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Thomas Stieglitz ◽  
Ana Belen Amado Rey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Medical Instrumentation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
The Us

<div>As cardiovascular diseases are one of the most prominent illnesses, a continuous, non-invasive, and comfortable monitoring of blood pressure (BP) is indispensable. This paper investigates the best method for obtaining highly accurate BP values in non-invasive measurements when using an ultrasound (US) sensor projected for a wrist-worn device. State-of-the-art BP models were analyzed and qualitatively compared. Relevant arterial parameters such as luminal area, flow velocity and pulse wave velocity, of 729 subjects were extracted from a computer simulated database and served as input parameters for the wearable US. A linear in-silico model calibrated to each arterial-site revealed to be most accurate model. The linear model was used for the extraction of BP by using the US sensor and validated with a commercial pressure sensor in an ex-vivo experimental setup. The results showed an in-silico pulse pressure correlation of 0.978 and mean difference of (-2.134±2.477) mmHg at the radial artery and ex-vivo pressure correlation of 0.994 and mean difference of (0.554 ± 2.315) mmHg. Thus, with the linear model, the US measurement complies with the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standard with deviations lower than 5 mmHg.</div>

scholarly journals Aortic Calcification Affects Noninvasive Estimates of Central Blood Pressure in Patients with Severe Chronic Kidney Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Kirkeskov Carlsen ◽  
Simon Winther ◽  
Christian D. Peters ◽  
Esben Laugesen ◽  
Dinah S. Khatir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Aortic Calcification ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Central Blood Pressure ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ckd Stage

Background: Central blood pressure (BP) assessed noninvasively considerably underestimates true invasively measured aortic BP in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The difference between the estimated and the true aortic BP increases with decreasing estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR). The present study investigated whether aortic calcification affects noninvasive estimates of central BP. Methods: Twenty-four patients with CKD stage 4–5 undergoing coronary angiography and an aortic computed tomography scan were included (63% males, age [mean ± SD ] 53 ± 11 years, and eGFR 9 ± 5 mL/min/1.73 m2). Invasive aortic BP was measured through the angiography catheter, while non-invasive central BP was obtained using radial artery tonometry with a SphygmoCor® device. The Agatston calcium score (CS) in the aorta was quantified on CT scans using the CS on CT scans. Results: The invasive aortic systolic BP (SBP) was 152 ± 23 mm Hg, while the estimated central SBP was 133 ± 20 mm Hg. Ten patients had a CS of 0 in the aorta, while 14 patients had a CS >0 in the aorta. The estimated central SBP was lower than the invasive aortic SBP in patients with aortic calcification compared to patients without (mean difference 8 mm Hg, 95% CI 0.3–16; p = 0.04). The brachial SBP was lower than the aortic SBP in patients with aortic calcification compared to patients without (mean difference 10 mm Hg, 95% CI 2–19; p = 0.02). Conclusion: In patients with advanced CKD the presence of aortic calcification is associated with a higher difference between invasively measured central aortic BP and non-invasive estimates of central BP as compared to patients without calcifications.

scholarly journals Noninvasive Assessment of Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity by the Brachial Occlusion-Cuff Technique: Comparative Study

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 3467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vratislav Fabian ◽  
Lukas Matera ◽  
Kristyna Bayerova ◽  
Jan Havlik ◽  
Vaclav Kremen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitor ◽  
Pressure Monitor ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Occlusion Cuff

Cardiovascular diseases are one of most frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. There is an emerging need for integrated, non-invasive, and easy-to-use clinical tools to assess accurately cardiovascular system primarily in the preventative medicine. We present a novel design for a non-invasive pulse wave velocity (PWV) assessment method integrated in a single brachial blood pressure monitor allowing for up to 100 times more sensitive recording of the pressure pulsations based on a brachial occlusion-cuff (suprasystolic) principle. The monitor prototype with built-in proprietary method was validated with a gold standard reference technique SphygmoCor VX device. The blood pressure and PWV were assessed on twenty-five healthy individuals (9 women, age (37 ± 13) years) in a supine position at rest by a brachial cuff blood pressure monitor prototype, and immediately re-tested using a gold standard method. PWV using our BP monitor was (6.67 ± 0.96) m/s compared to PWV determined by SphygmoCor VX (6.15 ± 1.01) m/s. The correlation between methods using a Pearson’s correlation coefficient was r = 0.88 (p < 0.001). The study demonstrates the feasibility of using a single brachial cuff build-in technique for the assessment of the arterial stiffness from a single ambulatory blood pressure assessment.

Problems of ensuring the uniformity of blood pressure measurements

Metrologiya ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 46-71
Author(s):  
V. F. Romanovskiy ◽  
A. M. Romanovskaya ◽  
E. A. Nenasheva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Metrological Traceability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Wave Method ◽  
Invasive Blood Pressure ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Traceability Of Measurement Results

The problems of ensuring the unity of non-invasive blood pressure measurements are considered. It is shown that the artery and surrounding tissues of the body serve as a means of comparing the values of blood pressure and air pressure in the cuff, and that the metrological traceability of measurement results to pressure standards only partially determines the reliability of these results. The potential possibilities of the surface pulse wave method in comparison with the Korotkov tone method are estimated.

Automated non-invasive central blood pressure measurements by oscillometric radial pulse wave analysis – results of the MEASURE-cBP validation studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Trinkmann ◽  
Urs Benck ◽  
Julian Halder ◽  
Alexandra Semmelweis ◽  
Joachim Saur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Pulse Wave Analysis ◽  
Central Blood Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Radial Pulse ◽  
Wave Analysis ◽  
Operator Training ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Background Central blood pressure becomes increasingly accepted as an important diagnostic and therapeutic parameter in the management of cardiovascular disease. This led to development of several non-invasive techniques most commonly based on peripheral pulse wave analysis. Accuracy of widespread applanation tonometry can be affected by calibration and operator training. To overcome this, we aimed to evaluate a novel device (VascAssist 2) using automated oscillometric radial pulse wave analysis and a refined multi-compartment model of the arterial tree. Methods 225 patients were prospectively enrolled. Invasive aortic root measurements served as reference in MEASURE-cBP 1 (n=106) whereas an applanation tonometry device (SphygmoCor) was used in MEASURE-cBP 2 (n=119). Results In MEASURE-cBP 1, we found a mean overestimation for systolic values of 4±12 mmHg (3±10%) and 6±10 mmHg (9±14%) for diastolic values. Diabetes mellitus and low blood pressure were associated with larger variation. In MEASURE-cBP 2, mean overestimation of systolic values was 4±4 mmHg (4±4%) and 1±4 mmHg (1±7%) of diastolic values. Arrhythmia was significantly more frequent in invalid measurements (61 vs. 18%, p&lt;0.0001) which were most often due to a low quality index of SphygmoCor. Accuracy did not differ between patients with arrhythmia and sinus rhythm in MEASURE-cBP 1. Conclusions Central blood pressure estimates using VascAssist 2 can be considered at least as accurate as available techniques, even including diabetic patients. In direct comparison, automated measurement considerably facilitates application not requiring operator training and can be reliably applied even in patients with arrhythmias.

scholarly journals Difference in bilateral digital volume pulse as a novel non-invasive approach to assessing arteriosclerosis in aged and diabetic subjects: A preliminary study

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsien-Tsai Wu ◽  
Kuan-Wei Lee ◽  
Wen-Yao Pan ◽  
An-Bang Liu ◽  
Cheuk-Kwan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volume Pulse ◽  
Digital Volume Pulse

Objective: This study aimed at validating photoplethysmography for assessing bilateral blood pressure differences through investigating the correlations of digital volume pulse with arteriosclerosis risk. Methods: Totally, 111 subjects (70 healthy and 41 diabetic) were recruited. Demographic, blood pressure and anthropometric data were recorded. Blood was collected for determining serum cholesterol, total triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar and glycated haemoglobin concentrations. Arterial stiffness was assessed with electrocardiogram-based pulse wave velocity, crest time and inter-digital volume pulse differences. Results: Receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated high inter-digital volume pulse difference sensitivity to glycated haemoglobin level over 6.5%. Linear regression analysis demonstrated significant correlation between inter-digital volume pulse difference and electrocardiogram-based pulse wave velocity ( r = 0.692, p < 0.001). Compared with electrocardiogram-based pulse wave velocity, inter-digital volume pulse difference exhibited highly significant correlations with age, glycated haemoglobin level, pulse pressure, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio, crest time, high-density lipoprotein and systolic blood pressure (all ps < 0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, the results not only demonstrated successful application of a novel non-invasive waveform contour index, inter-digital volume pulse difference, in differentiating young from aged subjects and patients with good diabetic control from those with poor diabetic control but also validated its use in identifying arteriosclerosis risks. The results, therefore, endorse its domestic application as non-invasive tool for arteriosclerosis risk screening.

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