scholarly journals A Model-Based Testing Framework for Validating an IoT Solution for Blockchain-Based Vehicles Communication

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rateb Jabbar ◽  
Moez Krichen ◽  
Mohamed Kharbeche ◽  
Noora Fetais ◽  
Kamel Barkaoui
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Computing Platform ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Fatal Crashes ◽  
Attack Trees ◽  
Smart Technologies

<div>The emergence of embedded and connected smart technologies, systems, and devices has enabled the concept of smart cities by connecting every ``thing'' to the Internet and in particular in transportation through the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). The main purpose of IoV is to prevent fatal crashes by resolving traffic and road safety problems. Nevertheless, it is paramount to ensure secure and accurate transmission and recording of data in ``Vehicle-to-Vehicle'' (V2V) and ``Vehicle-to-Infrastructure'' (V2I) communication. </div><div>To improve ``Vehicle-to-Everything'' (V2X) communication, this work uses Blockchain technology for developing a Blockchain-based IoT system aimed at establishing secure communication and developing a fully decentralized cloud computing platform.</div><div> Moreover, the authors propose a model-based framework to validate the proposed approach. This framework is mainly based on the use of the Attack Trees (AT) and timed automaton (TA) formalisms in order to test the functional, load and security aspects. An optimization phase for testers placement inspired by fog computing is proposed as well.</div>

scholarly journals A Model-Based Testing Framework for Validating an IoT Solution for Blockchain-Based Vehicles Communication

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rateb Jabbar ◽  
Moez Krichen ◽  
Mohamed Kharbeche ◽  
Noora Fetais ◽  
Kamel Barkaoui
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Computing Platform ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Fatal Crashes ◽  
Attack Trees ◽  
Smart Technologies

<div>The emergence of embedded and connected smart technologies, systems, and devices has enabled the concept of smart cities by connecting every ``thing'' to the Internet and in particular in transportation through the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). The main purpose of IoV is to prevent fatal crashes by resolving traffic and road safety problems. Nevertheless, it is paramount to ensure secure and accurate transmission and recording of data in ``Vehicle-to-Vehicle'' (V2V) and ``Vehicle-to-Infrastructure'' (V2I) communication. </div><div>To improve ``Vehicle-to-Everything'' (V2X) communication, this work uses Blockchain technology for developing a Blockchain-based IoT system aimed at establishing secure communication and developing a fully decentralized cloud computing platform.</div><div> Moreover, the authors propose a model-based framework to validate the proposed approach. This framework is mainly based on the use of the Attack Trees (AT) and timed automaton (TA) formalisms in order to test the functional, load and security aspects. An optimization phase for testers placement inspired by fog computing is proposed as well.</div>

scholarly journals Blockchain for the Internet of Vehicles: A Decentralized IoT Solution for Vehicles Communication Using Ethereum

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rateb Jabbar ◽  
Mohamed Kharbeche ◽  
Khalifa Al-Khalifa ◽  
Moez Krichen ◽  
Kamel Barkaoui
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Computing Platform ◽  
Blockchain Technology

The concept of smart cities has become prominent in modern metropolises due to the emergence of embedded and connected smart devices, systems, and technologies. They have enabled the connection of every “thing” to the Internet. Therefore, in the upcoming era of the Internet of Things, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) will play a crucial role in newly developed smart cities. The IoV has the potential to solve various traffic and road safety problems effectively in order to prevent fatal crashes. However, a particular challenge in the IoV, especially in Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications, is to ensure fast, secure transmission and accurate recording of the data. In order to overcome these challenges, this work is adapting Blockchain technology for real time application (RTA) to solve Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications problems. Therefore, the main novelty of this paper is to develop a Blockchain-based IoT system in order to establish secure communication and create an entirely decentralized cloud computing platform. Moreover, the authors qualitatively tested the performance and resilience of the proposed system against common security attacks. Computational tests showed that the proposed solution solved the main challenges of Vehicle-to-X (V2X) communications such as security, centralization, and lack of privacy. In addition, it guaranteed an easy data exchange between different actors of intelligent transportation systems.

A State-of-the-Art Assessment of US and EU C-ITS Security Solutions

2018 ◽  
pp. 309-337
Author(s):  
Yessenia Berenice Llive ◽  
Norbert Varga ◽  
László Bokor
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Art Assessment

In the near future with the innovative services and solutions being currently tested and deployed for cars, homes, offices, transport systems, smart cities, etc., the user connectivity will considerably change. It means that smart devices will be connected to the internet and produce a big impact on the internet traffic, increasing the service demand generated by devices and sensors. However most of these devices are vulnerable to attacks. Hence, the security and privacy become a crucial feature to be included in towards its appropriate deployment. Interconnected, cooperative, service-oriented devices and their related hardware/software solutions will contain sensitive data making such systems susceptible to attacks and leakage of information. Therefore, robust secure communication infrastructures must be established to aid suitable deployment. This chapter is a state-of-the-art assessment of US and EU C-ITS security solutions.

scholarly journals A systematic Study of Security Challenges and Infrastructures for Internet of Things

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
N. Koteswara Rao ◽  
Gandharba Swain
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Authentication And Authorization ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Privacy And Anonymity ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The proliferation of smart objects with capability of sensing, processing and communication has grown in recent years. In this scenario, the Internet of Things (IoT) connects these objects to the Internet and provides communication with users and devices. IoT enables a huge amount of new applications, with which academics and industries can benefit, such as smart cities, health care and automation. In this environment, compose of constrained devices, the widespread adoption of this paradigm depends of security requirements like secure communication between devices, privacy and anonymity of its users. This paper presents the main security challenges and solutions to provide authentication and authorization on the Internet of Things. 

scholarly journals Journalism Model Based on Blockchain with Sharing Space

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Byeowool Kim ◽  
Yongik Yoon
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Mobile Environment ◽  
Sharing Value ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Reasonable Alternative ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Revenue Structure ◽  
Sharing Space

The challenge that journalism is facing these days in the Internet mobile environment is greater than ever before. Journalism is losing its revenue structure to platform operators favoring a certain markets, and also the trust of its readers in light of fake news and infected news. To alleviate this situation, we propose a blockchain technology that is applicable to journalism in order to achieve decentralization as a reasonable alternative. The journalism model based on hybrid blockchain aims to achieve the following: the delivery of articles with sharing value, what we call proof of sharing; the distribution of roles of personalized agenda settings; and finally, the use of agora to collect public opinions. With all these, we attempt to resolve the issues with current journalism with our proposed model based on blockchain.

Desain Banyumas Smart City Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) Menggunakan Fog Computing Architecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Bayu Prastyo ◽  
Faiz Syaikhoni Aziz ◽  
Wahyu Pribadi ◽  
A.N. Afandi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Traffic Lights

Internet use in Banyumas Regency is now increasingly diverse according to the demands of the needs. The development of communication technology raises various aspects that also develop. For example, the use of the internet for a traffic light control system so that it can be adjusted according to the settings and can be monitored in real time. In the development of communication technology, the term Internet of Things (IoT) emerged as the concept of extending the benefits of internet communication systems to give impulses to other systems. In other words, IoT is used as a communication for remote control and monitoring by utilizing an internet connection. The Internet of Things in the era is now being developed to create an intelligent system for the purposes of controlling various public needs until the concept of the smart city emerges. Basically, smart cities utilize internet connections for many purposes such as controlling CCTV, traffic lights, controlling arm robots in the industry and storing data in hospitals. If the system is carried out directly from the device to the central server, there will be a very long queue of data while the system created requires speed and accuracy of time so that a system is needed that allows sufficient data control and processing to be carried out on network edge users. Then fog Computing is used with the hope that the smart city system can work with small latency values ​​so that the system is more real-time in sending or receiving data.

scholarly journals Desain Banyumas Smart City Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) Menggunakan Fog Computing Architecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Bayu Prastyo ◽  
Faiz Syaikhoni Aziz ◽  
Wahyu Pribadi ◽  
A.N. Afandi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Traffic Lights

Internet use in Banyumas Regency is now increasingly diverse according to the demands of the needs. The development of communication technology raises various aspects that also develop. For example, the use of the internet for a traffic light control system so that it can be adjusted according to the settings and can be monitored in real time. In the development of communication technology, the term Internet of Things (IoT) emerged as the concept of extending the benefits of internet communication systems to give impulses to other systems. In other words, IoT is used as a communication for remote control and monitoring by utilizing an internet connection. The Internet of Things in the era is now being developed to create an intelligent system for the purposes of controlling various public needs until the concept of the smart city emerges. Basically, smart cities utilize internet connections for many purposes such as controlling CCTV, traffic lights, controlling arm robots in the industry and storing data in hospitals. If the system is carried out directly from the device to the central server, there will be a very long queue of data while the system created requires speed and accuracy of time so that a system is needed that allows sufficient data control and processing to be carried out on network edge users. Then fog Computing is used with the hope that the smart city system can work with small latency values ​​so that the system is more real-time in sending or receiving data

scholarly journals Internet of Things-Based Energy Efficiency Optimization Model in Fog Smart Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Wasswa Shafik ◽  
S. Mojtaba Matinkhah ◽  
Mamman Nur Sanda ◽  
Fawad Shokoor
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Delay Sensitive ◽  
Service Delay

In recent years, the IoT) Internet of Things (IoT) allows devices to connect to the Internet that has become a promising research area mainly due to the constant emerging of the dynamic improvement of technologies and their associated challenges. In an approach to solve these challenges, fog computing came to play since it closely manages IoT connectivity. Fog-Enabled Smart Cities (IoT-ESC) portrays equitable energy consumption of a 7% reduction from 18.2% renewable energy contribution, which extends resource computation as a great advantage. The initialization of IoT-Enabled Smart Grids including (FESC) like fog nodes in fog computing, reduced workload in Terminal Nodes services (TNs) that are the sensors and actuators of the Internet of Things (IoT) set up. This paper proposes an integrated energy-efficiency model computation about the response time and delays service minimization delay in FESC. The FESC gives an impression of an auspicious computing model for location, time, and delay-sensitive applications supporting vertically -isolated, service delay, sensitive solicitations by providing abundant, ascendable, and scattered figuring stowage and system associativity. We first reviewed the persisting challenges in the proposed state-of-the models and based on them. We introduce a new model to address mainly energy efficiency about response time and the service delays in IoT-ESC. The iFogsim simulated results demonstrated that the proposed model minimized service delay and reduced energy consumption during computation. We employed IoT-ESC to decide autonomously or semi-autonomously whether the computation is to be made on Fog nodes or its transfer to the cloud.

scholarly journals Towards the Internet of Behaviors in Smart Cities through a Fog-To-Cloud Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
Antonio Salis
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cloud Platform ◽  
People Tracking ◽  
The Social ◽  
Android App ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Essential Path

Recent advances in Internet of Things (IoT) and the rising of the Internet of Behavior (IoB) have made it possible to develop real-time improved traveler assistance tools for mobile phones, assisted by cloud-based machine learning, and using fog computing in between IoT and the Cloud. Within the Horizon2020-funded mF2C project an Android app has been developed exploiting the proximity marketing concept and covers the essential path through the airport onto the flight, from the least busy security queue through to the time to walk to gate, gate changes, and other obstacles that airports tend to entertain travelers with. It gives chance to travelers to discover the facilities of the airport, aided by a recommender system using machine learning, that can make recommendations and offer voucher according with the traveler’s preferences or on similarities to other travelers. The system provides obvious benefits to the airport planners,  not only people tracking in the shops area, but also aggregated and anonymized view, like heat maps that can highlight bottlenecks in the infrastructure, or suggest situations that require intervention, such as emergencies. With the emerging of the COVID pandemic the tool could be adapted to help in the social distancing to guarantee safety. The use of the fog-to-cloud platform and the fulfilling of all centricity and privacy requirements of the IoB give evidence of the impact of the solution. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-04-01 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Blockchain-based Big Data Analytics Approach for Smart Cities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Pervasive Environment ◽  
Urban Planning And Development

The wireless communication is the fastest-growing field of studies to enable humans to communicate with each other. Introducing a new blockchain architecture with big data analytics can be an enticing platform towards increasing connectivity performance throughout the smart cities. Blockchains can build a convenient mechanism allowing two devices to effectively transmit currency as well as data, to each other with a secure and reliable agreement. Smart cities provide an opportunity to connect people and places that use emerging technologies that help to improve urban planning and development. Smart cities can enhance public infrastructure and people's living experience. Presently, high-speed, intelligent, effective with several innovations, like low energy consumption, etc., seem to be accessible to interact together in the modern environment. By using the blockchain-based big data approach the physical devices are allowed to communicate securely with other physical devices in heterogeneous environments. This approach builds a new blockchain-based computing structure throughout the IoT technology configuration. This approach can examine blockchain technology to the underlying technology or maintains the IoT authentication reliable. This strengthens blockchain and cloud to develop an enabling IoT pervasive environment for secure communication among the physical objects.

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