scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS KRIM ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BELUNTAS (Pluchea indica Less.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Eunike Suru ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean ◽  
Widya A Lolo
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

ABSTRACT Beluntas plants contain flavonoid compounds, which are know to have antibacterial activity. This study aims to make a formulate and test the physical stability of antibacterial cream prepared from Beluntas Leaf extract (Pluchea indica Less.) with three variations in extract concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15%, and  test the effectiveness of antibacterial against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The method of this research is experimental laboratory research. Beluntas leaves extract (Pluchea indica Less.) was obtained by maceration using 96% of ethanol and formulated into cream preparations with various extract concentrations. The result showed that Beluntas Leaf extract cream fulfilled the requirements of the physical properties of cream preparations, which included organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, dispersion, adhesion, emulsion type and cycling test. On the result of antibacterial activity testing, the average diameter of the clear zone of prepared cream of Beluntas leaf extract was at concentration of 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively ie 6.16 mm, 7.83 mm, 10.16 mm. Based on the classification of antibacterial category, the inhibiting ability of the test bacteria by 5% and 10% cream was categorized as moderate, and 15% was categorized as strongly which is the most effective cream inhibiting the activity of Propionibacterium acnes. Keywords: Beluntas leaves, antibacterial cream, Propionibacterium acnes ABSTRAK            Tanaman Beluntas  merupakan salah satu tanaman  yang berkhasiat obat. Tanaman Beluntas mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formula dan uji stabilitas fisik sediaan krim antibakteri dari ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica Less.) dengan tiga variasi konsentrasi ekstrak yaitu 5%, 10% dan 15%, serta menguji efektivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium. Ekstrak daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica Less.) diperoleh dengan cara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dan diformulasikan menjadi sediaan krim dengan variasi konsetrasi ekstrak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa krim ekstrak Daun Beluntas memenuhi persyaratan sifat fisik sediaan krim yang meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, tipe emulsi dan cycling test .Pada hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri, diameter rata-rata zona bening sediaan krim ekstrak daun beluntas pada konsetrasi 5%, 10% dan 15% berturut –turut yaitu 6,16 mm, 7,83 mm, 10,16 mm. Berdasarkan klasifikasi kekuatan daya antibakteri, maka kemampuan penghambatan bakteri uji oleh krim konsentrasi 5% dan 10% dikategorikan sedang, serta 15% dikategorikan kuat yang merupakan krim paling efektif menghambat aktivitas bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Kata kunci : Daun Beluntas, krim antibakteri, Propionibacterium acnes.

PENGUJIAN EFEKTIFITAS FORMULA GEL EKSTRAK DAUN BELUNTAS (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI GELLING AGENT SEBAGAI KANDIDAT SEDIAAN ANTI JERAWAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Andi Ulfah Magefirah Rasyid ◽  
Zahira Amody
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Accelerated Stability

Beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) is a plant that is often used in traditional medicine because of the presence of several substances that have activity as antimicrobial compounds. Beluntas leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids and saponins which can function as antibacterial. This experimental research aimed at obtaining beluntas leaf extract gel and to determine the physical stability and the effectiveness of beluntas extract gel against Propionibacterium acnes. The first step is drying the beluntas leaves and and extracted by maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent. The extract obtained was then formulated into a gel and evaluated, the evaluation results show that formula 1 is the most stable. The results showed that beluntas leaf extract gel was effective in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, the inhibition zone obtained was categorized as strong, where the average diameter before the accelerated stability test was 12.02 mm and 11.58 mm after the accelerated stability test.

scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK TANGAN

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Thesya Manarisip ◽  
Paulina V.Y Yamlean ◽  
Widya Astuty Lolo
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Power Testing ◽  
Gel Preparation ◽  
Colony Counter ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Kerson Fruit (Muntingia calabura L.) contains bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, saponins, triterpenes, steroids, and tannins, which are potentially as antibacterial compounds. The aim of this study was to make a formulation of hand antiseptic gel from kerson leaf extracts with three variations in extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%, and to test the effectiveness of antibacterial preparations against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The method of this research is laboratory experimental research. Kerson extracts was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. The results showed that kerson leaf extract can be formulated as a hand antiseptic gel preparation that meets organoleptic requirements, like homogeneity, pH, dispersion, consistency, adhesion, cycling test, and antiseptic power testing using a colony counter. On the results of antibacterial effectiveness testing, there is a clear zone that presents the ability to inhibit the growth of gel test bacteria. The average diameter of the hand antiseptic gel preparation of kersen leaf extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% respectively were 10.00 mm, 11.66 mm and 12.00 mm so that the ability of inhibition of gel test bacteria in all concentrations was categorized strong. Keywords: Kerson, Muntingia calabura L, Hand Antiseptic Gel, Staphylococcus aureus.  ABSTRAK Kersen (Muntigia calabura L.) mengandung senyawa bioaktif yaitu senyawa flavonoid, saponin, triterpen, steroid, dan tannin yang merupakan senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formulasi sediaan gel antiseptik tangan dari ekstrak daun kersen dengan tiga variasi konsentrasi ekstrak yakni 5%, 10%, dan 15%, serta menguji efektivitas antibakteri sediaan terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium. Ekstrak tanaman kersen diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun kersen dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan gel antiseptik tangan yang memenuhi persyaratan organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, konsistensi, daya lekat, cycling test, dan pengujian daya antiseptik dengan menggunakan alat colony counter. Pada hasil pengujian efektivitas antibakteri, terdapat zona bening yang mempresentasikan kemampuan penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri uji oleh gel. Diameter rata-rata sediaan gel antiseptik tangan ekstrak daun kersen pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15% berturut-turut yaitu 10,00 mm , 11,66 mm dan 12,00 mm sehingga kemampuan penghambatan bakteri uji oleh gel disemua konsentrasi dikategorikan kuat. Kata kunci: Kersen, Muntingia calabura L, Gel Antiseptik Tangan, Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals FORMULASI SEDIAAN KRIM KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.) DAN DAUN JATI (Tectona grandis Linn.F) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Riska Tuloli ◽  
Hosea Jaya Edi ◽  
Imam Jayanto
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Dispersion Test

ABSTRACT Celery plants (Apium graveolens L.) and teak plants (Tectona grandis Linn.f) are plants that contain flavonoids, tannins, and saponins and has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. This study aims to test the antibacterial effectiveness of combination of celery and teak leaf cream and evaluate cream with parameters of physical tests (organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion) and physical stability with cycling test method. This study used an experimental laboratory method by making 5 variations concentration of extracts. Celery and teak leaf extract was extracted by maceration method. Antibacterial test used the wells method. Results of the evaluation of physical tests for organoleptic test (odor: a typical combination of extracts;color: brown;shape: semi-solid), homogeneity test (homogeneous), average of pH test is 6.02, dispersion test is 4.27 cm, adhesion test is 18.42 seconds. Based on the results of this study, concluded that the combination of celery leaf and teak leaf extract can be formulated into a cream. The cream of combination of celery and teak leafs extract are bacteriostatic and has antibacterial activity with an average diameter for formulation I 13.4 mm, formulation II 9.23 mm, formulation III 16.23 mm, formulation IV 11 mm, and formulation V 12.06 mm. Keywords : Celery (Apium graveolens L.), Teak (Tectona grandis Linn.f), Antibacterial, Cream. ABSTRAK Tanaman seledri (Apium graveolens L.) dan tanaman jati (Tectona grandis Linn.f) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung flavonoid, tanin dan saponin dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan krim kombinasi ekstrak daun seledri dan daun jati serta mengevaluasi sediaan krim dengan parameter uji sifat fisik (uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat) dan stabilitas fisik dengan metode cycling test. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratorium dengan membuat 5 variasi konsentrasi ekstrak. Ekstrak diperoleh dengan cara maserasi. Uji antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode sumuran. Hasil evaluasi sifat fisik untuk uji organoleptik (bau: khas kombinasi ekstrak;warna:coklat;bentuk:setengah padat), uji homogenitas (susunan homogen), rata-rata uji pH 6,02, daya sebar 4,27 cm, daya lekat 18,42 detik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi ekstrak daun seledri dan daun jati dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan krim. Sediaan krim kombinasi ekstrak daun seledri dan daun jati bersifat bakteriostatik dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dengan diameter rata-rata untuk formula I 13,4 mm, formula II 9,23 mm, formula III 16,23 mm, formula IV 11 mm, dan formula V 12,06 mm. Kata Kunci : Seledri (Apium graveolens L.), Jati (Tectona grandis Linn.f), Antibakteri, Krim

scholarly journals Potential of Malacca leaf (Phyllanthus emblica) against Salmonella sp

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Nuzul Asmilia ◽  
Mahdi Abrar ◽  
Yudha Fahrimal ◽  
Amalia Sutriana ◽  
Yobeswi Husna
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Property

Malacca is one of traditional medicine that possesses a potent antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the inhibitory activity of Malacca leaf extract on the growth of Salmonella sp in vitro. The bacteria was obtained from Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The study was conducted using n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanol of malacca leaves with dilution concentrations of 5%, 25%, and 50%.The inhibitory property of malacca leaf was tested using Kirby-Bauer method. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanol extract of malacca leaves can inhibit the growth of Salmonella sp. The n-hexane extract of malacca leaves showed a greater inhibition than the ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of malacca leaves. n-hexane extract with a concentration of 5%, 25%, and 50% showed average diameter inhibition of 1.35 mm (weak), 4.97 mm (moderate), and 12.87 mm (strong), respectively ethyl acetate extract with a concentration of 5%, 25%, and 50% showed average diameter inhibition of 2.00 mm (weak), 5.72 mm (moderate), and 7.58 mm (moderate), whereas in ethanol extract were 0.47 mm (weak), 2.58 mm (weak), and 4.35 mm (weak), repectively. The clear zone areas in negative and positive control were 0.00 mm 20.00 mm, respectively. Malacca leaf extract possess inhibitory property against the growth of the Salmonella sp.

scholarly journals The Inhibitory Power Extract Of Balsamica Plant (Impatiens balsamica L) on Aeromonas hydrophila Bacteria Growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Galih Arif Kusuma ◽  
Sammy N. J. Longdong ◽  
Reiny A. Tumbol
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Inhibitory Power

This research aimed to assess the potential use of extracts of leaves, flowers, and stems of the balsamica plant increase inhibitory effect on the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila. The content of the plant contains a compound balsamica naphthoquinone, coumarin derivatives, tannins, flavonoids, and steroids. The active compounds have the ability as an antimicrobial. A hidrophyla bacteria, including opportunistic pathogens are almost always found in water and often cause disease when the fish in adverse conditions. Antibacterial activity test in this research using the spread plate method. Data obtained in the form of the extract, the results of bacterial inoculation, and the inhibition test results, will be analyzed, displayed with pictures and described descriptively. The result of the process of maceration extraction using ethanol 70% was obtained three extracts are concentrated leaf extract: 28.75 g, flower: 12.82 g, and rods: 29.48 g. The result of antibacterial extracts of leaves, stems, and flowers balsamica plant showed inhibitory activity on the A hydrophila bacteria that seems to be indicated by a clear zone around the paper disc. Based on the classification of leaf extract and extract of the stem can be classified in the class of strong, because the inhibition zone formed by the leaf extract is equal to 11.2 mm, and extract stem with 13.7 mm inhibition zone. Ability flower extract in inhibiting the growth of A hidrophila bacteria with 21.4 mm inhibition zone showed that the extract was included in a very strong class. Keywords: The ethanol extract balsamica, Impatiens balsamica L, Aeromonas hydrophila, antibacterial activity test.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF TEA, BREADFRUIT, AND PIPER BETLE LEAVES EXTRACTS AGAINST Propionibacterium acnes AND ITS APPLICATION AS ANTI-ACNE MASK

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Angie Lucita ◽  
Tensiska Tensiska
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Extract Concentration

Tea, breadfruit, and piper betle leaves contain bioactive components that have a function as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of leaf extract that has the highest inhibition power against Proponibacterium acnes and determine the concentration of the selected extract for mask applications that have good physical characteristics and acceptable to panelists. Extraction of tea, breadfruit, and piper betel leaves were carried out with 96% ethanol solvent using maceration method for 24 hours and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. Thick extracts contribute to antibacterial activity by disk diffusion method and total phenolic content. The selected extract was formulated into a clay mask with concentration of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. The result showed that breadfruit leaf extract had the highest inhibition power against Propionibacterium acnes which was 10.844 ± 0.327 mm (strong inhibition category) so that extract can be applied to clay mask. Breadfruit leaf extract concentration of 1.5% was the chosen formulation because it meets the standards, approved by the panelists and the most effective antibacterial for acne problems.

scholarly journals Konsentrasi Hambatan Minimum ekstrak Portulaca grandiflora terhadap penyakit Motile Aeromonad Septicaemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafid Lauluw ◽  
Reni L. Kreckhoff ◽  
Sammy N.J. Longdong ◽  
Desy M. Mantiri ◽  
Juliaan Ch. Watung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Portulaca Grandiflora ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
Classification Table ◽  
Paper Disc

The objective of this study was to determine the minimum concentration of extract in inhibiting motile motile aeromonad septicaemia. The material used was the stems and leaves of the plant P. grandiflora as much as 10 g. The crushed simplicia was then macerated with aquades with a ratio of 1:10,  then filtered with filter paper and, put in an Erlenmeyer, and evaporated in an incubator at temperature of 30°C. The sensitivity test was performed by placing a paper disc containing extract on the agar medium that had been scratched with bacterial colonies. Clear zone formed around the paper disc was compared with standard classification table for clarifying the inhibition level.  The results showed that stem and leaf extract had inhibition zone against Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria that caused motile aeromonad septicaemia. The best result was obtain at concentration of extract 3.25 mg / L) with an average diameter of 22.67 mm and for leaf extract had a moderate to strong zone for all treatments. These proved that stem and leaf extract of P. grandiflora plant had antibacterial activity and can be used as control of MAS disease caused by A. hydrophila bacteria. Keywords:  Portulaca grandiflora plant, motile aeromonad septicemia,  minimum       inbibition concentration

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FRUIT BANANA STONE AND MECHANISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Panal Sitorus ◽  
Dwi Suryanto, Hepni
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Cellular Metabolite ◽  
Cell Leakage

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the strength of antibacterial activity of the fraction of banana stone and its mechanism.Methods: The antibacterial activity test was performed using the diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the clear zone around the disc paper.Results: The results of antibacterial activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction was more effective against bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes compared to n-hexane fraction.Conclusion: The resulting cellular metabolite leak showed that cell leakage in the three bacteria due to ethyl acetate fraction had leaked more protein than nucleic acid, while the leakage of more dissolved K+ ion than Ca2 + ions.

scholarly journals FORMULASI SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KALIANDRA (Calliandra surinamensis Benth) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Yulita Ni Nyoman Tri Sukartiningsih ◽  
Hosea Jaya Edi ◽  
Jainer P. Siampa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Adhesion Test ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Physical Evaluation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gel Preparation ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

ABSTRACT Kaliandra Leaf (Calliandra surinamensis Benth) contains flavonoid compounds, saponins and tannins which are able to inhibit the antibacterial activity. This study aims to test the antibacterial effectiveness of gel preparation of ethanol extracts of kaliandra leaf to obtain the greatest formula, and prove the Kaliandra leaf gel preparation has good physical stability. This study uses a laboratory experimental method. Gel formula is made as many as 5 formulas with variations in the concentration of 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 6% of w : v. Kaliandra leaf extraction was carried out by maceration method using 96% ethanol. The antibacterial test of the ethanol extracts of Kaliandra leaf gel using the method of welling against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria produced a moderate inhibition of 7.0 ± 0.63 mm at a concentration of 6%. The physical evaluation of the preparation includes organoleptic test, homogeneity test, syneresis test, scatter power test, adhesion test, pH test, cycling test, and sterility test. All tests are carried out before and after the cycling test. The results of the study on the preparation fulfilled the physical evaluation requirements before and after the cycling test. It can be concluded that the concentration of 6% of ethanol extracts of Kaliandra leaves could be formulated as a gel preparation that is physically stable and has moderate antibacterial activity. Keywords: Kaliandra (Calliandra surinamensis Benth), Gel preparations, Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial.  ABSTRAK Daun Kaliandra (Calliandra surinamensus Benth) mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan tannin yang mampu menghambat aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas antibakteri sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun Kaliandra untuk mendapatkan formula terbesar, serta membuktikan sediaan gel daun Kaliandra mempunyai stabilitas fisik yang baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental laboratorium. Formula sediaan gel dibuat sebanyak 5 formula dengan variasi konsentrasi 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, dan 6% b/v. Ekstraksi daun Kaliandra dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%.  Penelitian uji antibakteri sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun Kaliandra menggunakan metode sumuran pada bakteri staphylococcus aureus menghasilkan daya hambat yang sedang yaitu 7,0±0,63 mm pada konsentrasi 6%. Evaluasi fisik sediaan meliputi uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji sineresis, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, uji pH, uji cycling test, dan uji sterilitas. Semua pengujian dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah cycling test. Hasil penelitian sediaan memenuhi persyaratan eveluasi fisik sebelum uji cycling test dan sesudah cycling test. Dapat disimpulkan pada kosentrasi 6% ekstrak etanol daun Kaliandra dapat diformulasi sebagai sediaan gel yang stabil secara fisik dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang sedang. Kata kunci : Kaliandra (Calliandra surinamensis Benth), Sediaan Gel, Antibakteri Staphlococcous  aureus.

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