scholarly journals Selection of criteria in pedestrian wind comfort assessment

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 005-013
Author(s):  
Renata Gnatowska
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Gust Factor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Discomfort Threshold ◽  
Wind Comfort ◽  
Comfort Criteria ◽  
Selection Of

Wind comfort in an built-up areas may be affected by a wide range of parameters, including wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, air quality, human activity, age, etc. In practice, the assessment of the pedestrian comfort is carried out on the basis of the indexes defined to a considerably smaller number of parameters. Generally it is a criterion of wind velocity with the probability of exceeding the assumed discomfort threshold. This article discusses issues of spatial planning built-up areas including wind comfort criteria. The article pointed out the role of criteria adopted in estimation of discomfort areas. An important role is played here the value of the amplitude of the gust factor g. The attention was also drawn to the strong time variability of discomfort zones especially in areas close to buildings.

scholarly journals Dust Production around Carbon-Rich Stars: The Role of Metallicity

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Ambra Nanni ◽  
Sergio Cristallo ◽  
Jacco Th. van Loon ◽  
Martin A. T. Groenewegen
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Galactic Halo ◽  
Magellanic Clouds ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Agb Stars ◽  
Circumstellar Envelopes ◽  
Chemical Enrichment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Universe

Background: Most of the stars in the Universe will end their evolution by losing their envelope during the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) phase, enriching the interstellar medium of galaxies with heavy elements, partially condensed into dust grains formed in their extended circumstellar envelopes. Among these stars, carbon-rich TP-AGB stars (C-stars) are particularly relevant for the chemical enrichment of galaxies. We here investigated the role of the metallicity in the dust formation process from a theoretical viewpoint. Methods: We coupled an up-to-date description of dust growth and dust-driven wind, which included the time-averaged effect of shocks, with FRUITY stellar evolutionary tracks. We compared our predictions with observations of C-stars in our Galaxy, in the Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC) and in the Galactic Halo, characterised by metallicity between solar and 1/10 of solar. Results: Our models explained the variation of the gas and dust content around C-stars derived from the IRS Spitzer spectra. The wind speed of the C-stars at varying metallicity was well reproduced by our description. We predicted the wind speed at metallicity down to 1/10 of solar in a wide range of mass-loss rates.

The Bodily Self

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Bermúdez
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
Significant Contributor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Selection Of

How can we be aware of ourselves both as physical objects and as thinking, experiencing subjects? What role does the experience of the body play in generating our sense of self? What is the role of action and agency in the construction of the bodily self? These questions have been a rich subject of interdisciplinary debate among philosophers, neuroscientists, experimental psychologists, and cognitive scientists for several decades. José Luis Bermúdez been a significant contributor to these debates since the 1990’s, when he authored The Paradox of Self-Consciousness (MIT Press, 1998) and co-edited The Body and the Self (MIT Press, 1995) with Anthony Marcel and Naomi Eilan. The Bodily Self is a selection of essays all focused on different aspects of the role of the body in self-consciousness, prefaced by a substantial introduction outlining common themes across the essays. The essays have been published in a wide range of journals and edited volumes. Putting them together brings out a wide-ranging, thematically consistent perspective on a set of topics and problems that remain firmly of interest across the cognitive and behavioral sciences.

Western Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 513-539
Author(s):  
Carolyn Routledge
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
The State ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

Since Flinders Petrie, the importance of Western Asia to the history and development of culture in ancient Egypt has been recognized by scholars and has also been a significant driver in shaping Egyptological methodology and theoretical approaches. The study of relations between Western Asia and Egypt encompasses a wide range of specialisms given the broad range of evidence, the geographical breadth, and the academic disciplines involved. This chapter reviews the history of the study of relations between Western Asia and Egypt pointing to a selection of challenges scholars face in undertaking their research, and examines two case studies: theories concerning the role of Western Asia in the rise of the state, and the assessment of Egypt’s New Kingdom Empire in Canaan to illustrate the ways in which scholarly challenges are met and the resulting historical conclusions.

Editorial: Taste of City, transnational food and place marketing

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Evinc Dogan ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Place Marketing ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Culinary Traditions ◽  
The University ◽  
Selection Of

In this special issue of Transnational Marketing Journal, we brought together a selection of articles drawn from presentations at the Taste of City Conference 2016: Food and Place Marketing which was held at the University of Belgrade, Serbia on 1st September 2016. We have supported the event along with Transnational Press London. We thank to Goran Petkovic, the Faculty of Economics at the University of Belgrade, and Goran’s volunteer students team who helped with the conference organisation. Mobilities are often addressed within social sciences varying across a wide range of disciplines including geography, migration studies, cultural studies, tourism, sociology and anthropology. Food mobilities capture eating, tasting, producing and consuming practices as well as traveling and transferring. Food and tastes are carried around the world, along the routes of mobility through out the history. As people take their own culture to the places, they take their food too. Food meets and mingles with other cultures on the way. Fusion food is born when food transcends the borders and mix with different ingredients from different culinary traditions. Although certain places are associated and branded with food, it is a challenging job to understand the role of food and taste in forming and reformulating the identity of places. 

The health role of smart home bathroom

BUILDER ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Anna Jaglarz
Keyword(s):  
Smart Home ◽  
Medical Visits ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
Intelligent Devices ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
Systematic Control ◽  
Selection Of

Social health awareness in the context of medical prophylaxis influences the current trends in the design of modern domestic bathrooms. The importance of the health role of the modern bathroom also results from the current social and economic situation around the world, resulting in the need for independent health control and the developing need for medical prophylaxis, taking care of immunity and psychophysical condition in the face of public health threats. Therefore, it was necessary to investigate the health factors in bathroom design based on research and analysis of literature and materials from foreign research institutes. The study concerned design possibilities in the selection of bathroom equipment elements enabling a wide range of comfort and supporting and monitoring the health of bathroom users. The research included a review and analysis of technologically advanced solutions, intelligent solutions, including Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, ensuring health prophylaxis in the home bathroom. The potential for the use of innovative technologies and the possibility of process control, easy flow of information in relation to the external environment (e.g. remote contact with a doctor) was indicated. The need for easy and intuitive use of intelligent devices was taken into account, as well as the possibility of independent, systematic control and protection of health without the need for stationary medical visits, with a view to time and safety of healthcare professionals and patients. The research results summarize the fields of medicine where smart bathroom appliances can create new opportunities to improve user health.

scholarly journals Ancient Mitochondrial Genomes Reveal the Absence of Maternal Kinship in the Burials of Çatalhöyük People and Their Genetic Affinities

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Chyleński ◽  
Edvard Ehler ◽  
Mehmet Somel ◽  
Reyhan Yaka ◽  
Maja Krzewińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Genomic Libraries ◽  
Anatolian Peninsula ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Selection Of

Çatalhöyük is one of the most widely recognized and extensively researched Neolithic settlements. The site has been used to discuss a wide range of aspects associated with the spread of the Neolithic lifestyle and the social organization of Neolithic societies. Here, we address both topics using newly generated mitochondrial genomes, obtained by direct sequencing and capture-based enrichment of genomic libraries, for a group of individuals buried under a cluster of neighboring houses from the classical layer of the site’s occupation. Our data suggests a lack of maternal kinship between individuals interred under the floors of Çatalhöyük buildings. The findings could potentially be explained either by a high variability of maternal lineages within a larger kin group, or alternatively, an intentional selection of individuals for burial based on factors other than biological kinship. Our population analyses shows that Neolithic Central Anatolian groups, including Çatalhöyük, share the closest affinity with the population from the Marmara Region and are, in contrast, set further apart from the Levantine populations. Our findings support the hypothesis about the emergence and the direction of spread of the Neolithic within Anatolian Peninsula and beyond, emphasizing a significant role of Central Anatolia in this process.

Frequency-Response Matching to Optimize Wind-Turbine Test Data Correlation

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
A. C. Hansen ◽  
T. E. Hausfeld
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Averaging Time ◽  
Measured Response ◽  
Selection Of

Pre-averaging is often applied to wind turbine test data to improve correlation between wind speed and power output data. In the past, trial and error or intuition have been used in the selection of pre-averaging time and researchers and institutions have differed widely in their pre-averaging practice. In this paper a standardized method is proposed for selection of the optimum pre-averaging time. The method selects an averaging time such that the test data are low-pass-filtered at the same frequency as the response frequency of the test wind turbine/anemometer system. A theoretial method is provided for estimation of the wind system transfer function as a function of the anemometer location, rotor moment of inertia, the stiffness of the connection between the rotor and the electrical grid, hub height, rotor speed and wind speed. The method is based in proven theory, repeatable, easy to use and applicable to a wide range of wind turbines and test conditions. Results of the transfer function predictions are compared with the measured response of two wind systems. Agreement between the predicted and measured response is completely adequate for the purposes of the method. Example results of calculated averaging times are presented for several wind turbines. In addition, a case study is used to demonstrate the dramatic effects of test design and data analysis methods on the results of a power coefficient measurement.

Designing a New Forklift Backrest: Role of Adjustability in Improving Operator Comfort

2021 ◽  
pp. 106480462110023
Author(s):  
Pranav Madhav Kuber ◽  
Ehsan Rashedi
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Hybrid Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of a single design to delight customers may not be always possible due to the anthropometric differences in humans, wherein a hybrid design can benefit. Using adjustability, we demonstrate our approach for developing a novel forklift backrest to accommodate drivers with a wide range of body sizes. Field and laboratory evaluations were conducted to assess and improve the design. Our results indicated that the new design could provide improved comfort for longer durations. This study reveals the possibilities for human factors professionals to consider adjustability in vehicle operator compartment interiors, especially backrests and seating, of similar industrial vehicles.

scholarly journals From language to meteorology: kinesis in weather events and weather verbs across Sinitic languages

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Ren Huang ◽  
Sicong Dong ◽  
Yike Yang ◽  
He Ren
Keyword(s):  
Key Factors ◽  
Verb Classes ◽  
Sensory Inputs ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Many ◽  
Sinitic Languages ◽  
Action Verbs ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractInteractions among the environment, humans and language underlie many of the most pressing challenges we face today. This study investigates the use of different verbs to encode various weather events in Sinitic languages, a language family spoken over a wide range of climates and with 3000 years of continuous textual documentation. We propose to synergise the many concepts of kinesis that grew from Aristotle’s original ideas to account for the correlation between meteorological events and their linguistic encoding. It is observed that the two most salient key factors of weather events, i.e., mass of weather substances and speed of weather processes, are the two contributing components of kinetic energy. Leveraging the linguistic theory that kinesis underpins conceptualisation of verb classes, this paper successfully accounts for the selection of verbs for different meteorological events in all Sinitic languages in terms of both language variations and changes. Specifically, weather events with bigger weather substances and faster weather processes tend to select action verbs with high transitivity. The kinesis driven accounts also predict the typological variations between verbal and nominal constructions for weather expressions. The correlation between kinesis and the selection of verbs is further corroborated by an experiment on the perception of native Sinitic language speakers, as well as analyses of regional variations of verb selections that do not follow general typological patterns. It is found that such typological exceptions generally correspond to variations in meteorological patterns. By explicating the pivotal role of kinesis in bridging weather events and the linguistic encoding of weather, this study underlines the role of cognition as the conceptualisation of physical and sensory inputs to sharable knowledge encoded by language.

An Overview of the Potential of UAV Applications to the Built Environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-363
Author(s):  
David R. Green ◽  
Billy J. Gregory ◽  
Jason J. Hagon ◽  
Alex R. Karachok ◽  
Jakob Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Virtual And Augmented Reality ◽  
Imaging Sensors

This chapter presents an overview of the potential role of UAVs for monitoring, mapping, surveying, modelling, and visualising the ‘built environment' and their role in sustainable urbanisation. The ‘built environment' includes rural, urban, and underwater environments. Together with low-cost image processing and softcopy photogrammetry, fixed-wing and multi-rotor UAVs can collect a wide range of imagery for generating 3D models of individual buildings, and record and analyse architecture and infrastructure and terrain models. Consideration is given to non-imaging sensors carried on UAVs. Input to GIS provides a basis to create visually realistic models of the ‘built-environment' for urban and rural planning and decision-making for sustainable urbanisation. 3D visualisation software, virtual, and augmented reality will allow public engagement with the spatial planning process. Safety and operational considerations are needed for UAV flights. The chapter concludes by examining how this technology will develop in the future to play a role in sustainable urbanisation.

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