COMPARISON OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDG) ELEMENTS IN THE 10TH AND 11TH MALAYSIA PLANS
In 2015, all members of the United Nations (UN) adopted the UN Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development (Agenda 2030) which sets out 17 Sustainable Development Goals to be achieved by 2030. Malaysia also welcomes and accepts them. Accordingly, this article discusses the comparative application of SDG elements in the Tenth Malaysia Plan (RMK-10, 2011-2015) and Eleventh (RMK-11, 2016-2020). Although the RMK-10 plan was planned before the formal introduction of the SDGs, apparently Malaysia has already taken steps to implement the elements introduced in the SDGs in 2015 and implemented them successfully. This article then discusses the RMK-11 plan which formally adapts the SDG elements. However, the achievement of RMK-11 was quite affected in the later part as Malaysia was hit by the Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020. This article uses a qualitative method with reference to official government publications and reports, online newspaper articles, books, and journal articles. This study found that the SDG elements were implemented earlier than the official declaration by the UN in 2015, but after 2015 they were compiled more systematically in the RMK-11 plan.