Research on the Labor Force Participation Rates of Countries along“the Belt and Road”

◽  
2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

scholarly journals Gender Disparities, Labor Force Participation and Transfer Payment: What Do Macro Data Say?

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-387
Author(s):  
Hale Akbulut
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Transfer Payment ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Transfer Payments ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
Employ Labor Force ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper analyzes the relationship between government transfer payments and labor force participation rates for a sample of 34 countries over the period of 1995- 2012. We benefit from two step system Generalized Method of Moments as a methodology and thereby eliminate the biases that may arise from endogenous variables. Our econometric results also confirm the employment of the dynamic methodology. First, we estimate the coefficients for overall population and then we re-estimate the coefficients for different genders. As a result of our estimations we observe that the significances and the values of coefficients increase when we employ labor force participation rates of females as dependent variable. Therefore, our findings suggest that transfer payments are more effective in working decisions of females.

Labor Force Transitions by Gender: Implications for Separate and Combined Worklife Expectancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Weighted Averages ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Taking Care

Abstract The Fair Calculations in Civil Damages Act of 2016 (the “Act”) proposes that tables of worklife expectancy not taking account of gender be used in the calculation of damages amounts for loss of earnings capacity. This study calculates worklife expectancy tables not taking account of gender, by taking weighted averages of the labor force transition probabilities used by Skoog-Ciecka-Krueger (2011) and calculating the resulting worklife expectancies using the method of Skoog (2002). The weights for the weighted averages are from the period January 2005 through December 2009. This study then examines patterns in worklife expectancies and labor force transition probabilities and provides evidence not in support of the hypothesis that women's lower worklife expectancies are due to events limited to childbearing years. It is seen that at almost all ages and at all levels of education: women's rate of departure from the labor force exceeds that of men, women's rate of entry and return to the labor force is less than that of men, and labor force participation rates are less than those of men. This study finds that women's lower labor force participation rates than those of men are accounted for by a greater incidence for women of the statuses “taking care of house or family” and “in retirement.” Combined gender worklife expectancy tables are then applied to the total population, with the result that mean worklife expectancies are higher for women than men at ages 30 and under, and progressively lower for women than men as age increases beyond age 30.

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