scholarly journals TREATMENT OF TEXTILEWASTEWATER USING MICROBES’ INOCULATED FREE-FLOATINGAQUATICPLANTSBASED WETLANDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Muhammad Qamar TUSIEF ◽  
Mumtaz Hasan MALIK ◽  
Muhammad MOHSIN ◽  
Hafiz Naeem ASGHAR
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Alkaline Side ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Floating Treatment Wetlands

Textile wastewater is a big source of aquatic and environmental pollution. Currently, various physicochemical textile effluent treatments are practiced in the textile industry, but they have challenges with respect to cost, maintenance, labour management, chemicals usage and production of additional sludge. The present study was carried out to develop a less expensive, chemical- free, green and sustainable plant based floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) system augmented with bacteria to remedy the effluents from textile finishing unit. Two free-floating aquatic plants, Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes, were vegetated to develop FTWs system and its efficacy was studied with and without inoculating two plant growth-promoting and pollutant- degrading bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis. The worth of this system was analyzed by screening physicochemical parameters like potential hydrogen (pH), electric conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of wastewater for hydraulic retention periods of 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The pH of the treated wastewaters was changed from acidic to neutral/alkaline side while a significant reduction was found in all other physiochemical parameters as per set limits of industrial and municipal wastewater standards as specified by the National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) of Pak istan and Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals (ZDHC) program.

scholarly journals Development of floating treatment wetlands with plant-bacteria partnership to clean textile bleaching effluent

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (06) ◽  
pp. 502-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD TUSIEF QAMAR ◽  
HUSSAN MALIK MUMTAZ ◽  
MUHAMMAD MOHSIN ◽  
HAFIZ NAEEM ASGHAR ◽  
MUHAMMAD IQBAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Floating Treatment Wetlands

Treatment of textile wastewater prior to its discharge into the environment is a highly concerned issue of the industry. The current established methods in textile industry for effluent treatment are typically high in cost, require range of chemicals along with the generation of concentrated hazardous sludge. It is therefore inevitable to look for economical and eco-friendly ways to treat textile wastewater. Hence, the present study was endeavored to develop green, chemical free and sustainable bacteria inoculated plant based technique for remedying textile bleaching effluents. A lab scale floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) system was developed and implemented for remediation of H2O2 based textile bleaching wastewater. This system was designed by vegetating two free floating aquatic plants Eichhorniacrassipes and Pistia stratiotes. The performance of this system was enhanced by inoculating two pollutant degrading and plant growth promoting bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis. The efficacy of this bacterial augmented FTWs system was assessed by monitoring physicochemical parameters of treated wastewater. A substantial decrease in pH, EC, TDS, TSS, BOD and COD was noted. This stamped the effectiveness of this sustainable technique to treat textile effluents.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Chlorella vulgaris and Enterobacter sp. MN17 for Decolorization and Removal of Heavy Metals from Textile Wastewater

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3034
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mubashar ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Adnan Mustafa ◽  
Sobia Ashraf ◽  
Khurram Shehzad Baig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Coloring Agents

The present study evaluated the performance of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in an Enterobacter sp. MN17-assisted textile industry wastewater treatment system for decolorization, removal of heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Pb, and Cd), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Different dilutions (5, 10, and 20%) of wastewater were prepared to decrease the pollutant toxicity for culturing microalgae and bacteria. Reduction of color, COD, and metal contents by microalgal treatment of wastewater varied greatly, while removal efficiency (RE) was significantly enhanced when endophytic bacterial strain MN17 inoculum was applied. Most notable, results were found at a 5% dilution level by Enterobacter sp. MN17-inoculated C. vulgaris medium, as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) concentrations were decreased from 1.32 to 0.27 mg L−1 (79% decrease), 0.79–0.14 mg L−1 (93% decrease), 1.33–0.36 mg L−1 (72% decrease), and 1.2–0.25 mg L−1 (79% decrease), respectively. The values of COD and color were also significantly decreased by 74% and 70%, respectively, by a C. vulgaris–Enterobacter sp. MN17 consortium. The present investigation revealed that bacterial inoculation of microalgae significantly enhanced the removal of coloring agents and heavy metals from textile wastewater by stimulating the growth of algal biomass. This study manifested the usefulness of microalgae–bacterial mutualism for the remediation of heavy metals, COD, and color in industrial effluents. Microalgae consortia with growth promoting bacteria could be a breakthrough for better bioremediation and bioprocess economy. Thus, further studies are needed for successful integration of microalgae–plant growth promoting bacterial (PGPB) consortium for wastewater treatments.

scholarly journals Removal of Dye and COD from Textile Wastewater Using AOP (UV/O3, UV/H2O2, O3/H2O2 and UV/H2O2/O3)

2018 ◽  
pp. 621-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrangiz Pourgholi ◽  
Reza Masoomi Jahandizi ◽  
Mohammadbagher Miranzadeh ◽  
Ommolbanin Hassan Beigi ◽  
Samaneh Dehghan
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Industry Effluent

Introduction: Textile industry effluent is a complex sewage with chemical and color materials that is discharged into the environment and can cause serious problems. In this way using advanced oxidation methods and finding the best methods for removing color materials is necessary. An experimental method was done on Kashan textile industry effluent in laboratory scale and batch system. Material and Methods: Initially, optimal condition was obtained for O3 and H2O2 and followed by advanced oxidation methods (UV/O3, UV/H2O2, O3/H2O2 and UV/H2O2/O3) in different reaction times and pH on dye removal and COD (chemical oxygen demand) were determined. The results were compared with complex repetition method. Results: The results of this research showed that dye removal impact and COD based on the type of process and reaction time in UV/H2O2/O3 by 30 minute time duration, was the most effective method. UV/H2O2 in 10 minute time duration was the least effective method. COD and color removal, based on the process in UV/H2O2/O3 and pH = 6 was the most effective. The effect of UV/H2O2 and pH = 4 was the least efficient method on dye material removing. Results showed that the treatment time was effective on color removing (P < 0/001) statistically. Conclusion: It can be concluded that UV/H2O2/O3 was the most efficient on color removing process, compared to the others, due to co-incidence presence of strongly numerous oxidants and their aggravating effect through producing active hydroxyl radicals (OH˚).

scholarly journals Treatment of Textile Wastewater by CAS, MBR, and MBBR: A Comparative Study from Technical, Economic, and Environmental Perspectives

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Xuefei Yang ◽  
Víctor López-Grimau ◽  
Mercedes Vilaseca ◽  
Martí Crespi
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Large Water ◽  
Dyed Fabrics

In this study, three different biological methods—a conventional activated sludge (CAS) system, membrane bioreactor (MBR), and moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)—were investigated to treat textile wastewater from a local industry. The results showed that technically, MBR was the most efficient technology, of which the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and color removal efficiency were 91%, 99.4%, and 80%, respectively, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.3 days. MBBR, on the other hand, had a similar COD removal performance compared with CAS (82% vs. 83%) with halved HRT (1 day vs. 2 days) and 73% of TSS removed, while CAS had 66%. Economically, MBBR was a more attractive option for an industrial-scale plant since it saved 68.4% of the capital expenditures (CAPEX) and had the same operational expenditures (OPEX) as MBR. The MBBR system also had lower environmental impacts compared with CAS and MBR processes in the life cycle assessment (LCA) study, since it reduced the consumption of electricity and decolorizing agent with respect to CAS. According to the results of economic and LCA analyses, the water treated by the MBBR system was reused to make new dyeings because water reuse in the textile industry, which is a large water consumer, could achieve environmental and economic benefits. The quality of new dyed fabrics was within the acceptable limits of the textile industry.

scholarly journals Decontamination of industrial textile wastewater using photocatalysis

DYNA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (196) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Herney Ramirez ◽  
Hugo Ricardo Zea
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactions

<p>Iron-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts were prepared by impregnation in order to study their photocatalytic activity in the treatment of wastewater from the textile industry. Characterization of the catalysts before and after reaction was performed using techniques including total surface area measurement, X-Ray diffraction and elemental analysis via X-Ray fluorescence. Varying pH conditions, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentrations and catalyst quantities were evaluated during the photocatalytic reactions. Fe-TiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts were shown to be highly active in the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (% COD) and % color reduction in the water treated.</p>

scholarly journals Recovery of Biologically Treated Textile Wastewater by Ozonation and Subsequent Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis Process

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 900
Author(s):  
Burak Yuzer ◽  
Huseyin Selcuk
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Bipolar Membrane ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis ◽  
Pre Treatment

The Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis process (BPMED) can produce valuable chemicals such as acid (HCl, H2SO4, etc.) and base (NaOH) from saline and brackish waters under the influence of an electrical field. In this study, BPMED was used to recover wastewater and salt in biologically treated textile wastewater (BTTWW). BPMED process, with and without pre-treatment (softening and ozonation), was evaluated under different operational conditions. Water quality parameters (color, remaining total organic carbon, hardness, etc.) in the acid, base and filtrated effluents of the BPMED process were evaluated for acid, base, and wastewater reuse purposes. Ozone oxidation decreased 90% of color and 37% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in BTTWW. As a result, dye fouling on the anion exchange membrane of the BPMED process was reduced. Subsequently, over 90% desalination efficiency was achieved in a shorter period. Generated acid, base, and effluent wastewater of the BPMED process were found to be reusable in wet textile processes. Results indicated that pre-ozonation and subsequent BPMED membrane systems might be a promising solution in converging to a zero discharge approach in the textile industry.

scholarly journals Assessing the Degradation of Organics in Surgical Cotton Processing Wastewater by Mixed Microbial Culture and Photo-Catalysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 455-458
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Catalytic Degradation ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Mixed Microbial Culture ◽  
Catalytic Method ◽  
Treatment Methods

Cotton bandage processing textile industry is the major manufacturing product of Rajapalayam town in south Tamilnadu, India. Processing of surgical cottons consumes significant amounts of water during manufacturing, creating high volumes of wastewater which cannot be discharged without proper treatment. The complete oxidation of organic pollutants in such waste water remains a significant environmental issue. This research investigates different treatment methods like biodegradation and photo catalytic degradation to identify the most efficient and effective approach to treat cotton bandage textile wastewater. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) analysis was carried out to quantify and observe the amount of oxidizable pollutant in the waste water with different treatment methods. In photo catalytic degradation process different semi-conductor metal oxide nano particles like Titanium dioxide (TiO2), Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Bismuth Vanadium oxide (BiVO4) were used. Comparing the three nanoparticles; TiO2 proved to be the efficient one, which reduced the COD of the effluent significantly. For Biodegradation aerobic activated sludge was used to treat the cotton bandage textile waste water in along with mineral salt media. By comparing both photocatalytic degradation and biodegradation process, photo catalytic method was found to be efficient for treatment of organics in real cotton bandage processing effluent.

scholarly journals Bacterial Augmented Floating Treatment Wetlands for Efficient Treatment of Synthetic Textile Dye Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeha Nawaz ◽  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Ghulam Shabir ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Shakoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Inoculation ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Floating Treatment Wetlands

Floating treatment wetland (FTW) is an innovative, cost effective and environmentally friendly option for wastewater treatment. The dyes in textile wastewater degrade water quality and pose harmful effects to living organisms. In this study, FTWs, vegetated with Phragmites australis and augmented with specific bacteria, were used to treat dye-enriched synthetic effluent. Three different types of textile wastewater were synthesized by adding three different dyes in tap water separately. The FTWs were augmented with three pollutants degrading and plant growth promoting bacterial strains (i.e., Acinetobacter junii strain NT-15, Rhodococcus sp. strain NT-39, and Pseudomonas indoloxydans strain NT-38). The water samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), color, bacterial survival and heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn, Pb and Fe). The results indicated that the FTWs removed pollutants and color from the treated water; however, the inoculated bacteria in combination with plants further enhanced the remediation potential of floating wetlands. In FTWs with P. australis and augmented with bacterial inoculum, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, COD, BOD and color of dyes were significantly reduced as compared to only vegetated and non-vegetated floating treatment wetlands without bacterial inoculation. Similarly, the FTWs application successfully removed the heavy metal from the treated dye-enriched wastewater, predominately by FTWs inoculated with bacterial strains. The bacterial augmented vegetated FTWs, in the case of dye 1, reduced the concentration of Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn and Pb by 75%, 73.3%, 86.9%, 75%, 70% and 76.7%, respectively. Similarly, the bacterial inoculation to plants in the case of dye 2 achieved 77.5% (Cu), 73.3% (Ni), 83.3% (Zn), 77.5% (Fe), 66.7% (Mn) and 73.3% (Pb) removal rates. Likewise in the case of dye 3, which was treated with plants and inoculated bacteria, the metals removal rates were 77.5%, 73.3%, 89.7%, 81.0%, 70% and 65.5% for Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn and Pb, respectively. The inoculated bacteria showed persistence in water, in roots and in shoots of the inoculated plants. The bacteria also reduced the dye-induced toxicity and promoted plant growth for all three dyes. The overall results suggested that FTW could be a promising technology for the treatment of dye-enriched textile effluent. Further research is needed in this regard before making it commercially applicable.

OZONATION – AN IMPORTANT TECHNIQUE TO COMPLY WITH NEW GERMAN LAWS FOR TEXTILE WASTEWATER TREATMENT

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Gähr ◽  
Frank Hermanutz ◽  
Wilhelm Oppermann
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Textile Wastewater Treatment ◽  
The Ideal

The German textile industry is challenged by the introduction of new governmental regulations in the field of textile wastewater treatment This causes a large increase of water costs in comparison with other European countries. Many economic experts even see Germany seriously endangered as a place of textile production, however there are also opportunities with the development of high performance cleaning technologies as a result of these governmental measures. In particular the required separate treatment of selected wastewaters of different fmishing processes bas some good perspectives since specialized wastewater techniques can be applied efficiently. For instance the separation of unfixed reactive dyes is the ideal basis for ozone oxidation. Ozonation being a sludge-free method to decompose dyestuff, fmishing products, and other organic materials is of increasing importance because of the limited space for disposal of sludges. Other advantages of ozone treatment are the improvement of biodegradability, reduction of aromatic and halogenated organic compounds and also a significant decrease of chemical oxygen demand. The ozonation of textile wastewaters in combination with inexpensive biological processes has the potential to play a major role in the future. Partial replacement of coagulation/precipitation can be expected.

scholarly journals Tekstil Atıksularının Gideriminde Atık Döküm Kumlarının Kullanımı / Using of Waste Foundry Sands in Removal of Textile Wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
ELİF HATİCE GÜRKAN ◽  
SEMRA ÇORUH
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Foundry Sands ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Receiving Waters

Ülkelerin sanayileşmesi ile birlikte endüstriyel bazlı su kullanımının artması ve son yıllarda ortaya çıkan küresel ısınma sorunu, yüzeysel ve yeraltı su kaynaklarının tükenmesine sebep olmaktadır. Endüstriyel atıksuların doğaya yaptığı etkiler önemli düzeyde, doğal dengeyi değiştirici ve bazı durumlarda geri dönülmez nitelikte olmaktadır. Endüstrilerden kaynaklanan atıksular, evsel atıksulara göre kaynak, miktar ve karakter açısından büyük farklılıklar gösterirler. Bu nedenle endüstri tesisinin çıkış sularının doğal su ortamlarının kirletmesini engelleyecek şekilde arıtılması gerekmektedir. Bu atıksuların arıtılıp geri kazanılması ile hem su kaynaklarının tüketimi hem de deşarj edilen arıtılmış atıksuların miktarı azaltılmakta ve çevresel etkileri en aza indirilebilmektedir. Ülkemizdeki en büyük endüstri dallarından biri olan tekstil endüstrisi, çok su tüketilen, kullanılan hammadde ve kimyasal maddelerin, gerçekleştirilen işlemlerin, her işlem için uygulanan teknolojilerin çeşitliliği nedeni ile farklılık gösteren ve üretilen ürüne bağlı atık kaynağı olarak son derece değişken yapıya sahip bir endüstridir. Tekstil endüstrisi atıksularının en belirgin özelliği, yüksek miktarda organik ve inorganik kimyasal içermesi ve yüksek toplam organik karbon (TOK), kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOI) ve yoğun renk içeriğidir. Alıcı su kaynaklarına verilen boyar maddeler organik yük olarak bu kirliliğin küçük bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır; ancak alıcı ortamda çok düşük konsantrasyonlarda boyar madde bulunması bile estetik açıdan istenmeyen bir durumdur. Bu nedenle boyar madde içeren tekstil endüstrisi atıksularından renk giderim prosesleri ekolojik açıdan önem kazanmaktadır. Günümüzde boyar maddelerin giderimi büyük oranda fiziksel ve kimyasal yöntemlerle gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, atık döküm kumlarının, tekstil endüstrisi atık sularında renk gideriminde adsorbent olarak kullanılması amaçlanmaktadır. Using of Waste Foundry Sands in Removal of Textile Wastewater Nowadays, the accelerating need of water due to usage of water in industralized countries and global warming is causing all water sources to be exhausted. The effects the industrial wastewater made to the nature are important level, changer of natural balance, and sometimes non returned position. By reusing the treated the wastewater, not only the consumption of natural water sources has been prevented, but also the amount of discharged treated wastewater and its effects to the environment has been decreased. The wastewater resulted from industries shows big differences according to the wastewater in houses in the conditions of resource, amount, and character. So output water of the industry establishment has to be purified to prevent not to dirty natural water places. Textile industry is one of the biggest industries of Turkey and it consumes Access amount of water. As there are several methods and technologies used in this sector due to the different raw materials and various chemicals, the wastewaters obtained vary related to the products produced. The most prominent feature of textile industry wastewater is contained high amounts of organic and inorganic chemicals, and high total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and intense color. The discharge of dyes into the receiving waters constitutes only a small portion of water pollution. However the presence of very low concentrations of dyes in receiving waters is aesthetically undesirable. Therefore, treatment processes removing dyes from textile effluents have become important in order to conserve receiving waters. In this study is to investigate using the adsorpsion method of removal with waste foundry sands, which are used expecially dye nd textile industries and are an important polluting agent in the waste water dumped into the environment by these industries.

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