scholarly journals PENENTUAN MORFOLOGI PERMUKAAN DAN SIFAT FISIS SERTA SIFAT MEKANIK BATU BATA ASAL TANAH MERAH KABUPATEN KUPANG NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Thabita Kapasiang ◽  
Minsyahril Bukit ◽  
Jonshon Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
The Third

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian batu bata lempung tanpa campuran sekam padi asal desa Tanah Merah Kabupaten Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur pada suhu 8000C, 9000C dan 10000C. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dari batu bata. Dari hasil pengujian, batu bata dengan suhu 8000C memiliki nilai densitas 1,12 gram/cm3, suhu 9000C memiliki densitas 1,002 gram/cm3 dan suhu 10000C adalah 1,15 gram/cm3. Kuat tekan pada suhu 8000C adalah 2,73 N/mm2, suhu 9000C 1,38 N/mm2 dan suhu 10000C adalah 4,09 N/mm2. Untuk penyerapan air pada ketiga suhu adalah 1,39%  2,82% dan 1,42%. Ukuran butir  sampel batu bata pada ketiga suhu yaitu 8000c, 9000c dan 10000c, pada suhu 8000c  ukuran partikel yang paling kecil adalah 28,5 x 10-6 meter dan ukuran partikel paling besar adalah 85,7 x 10-5 meter, suhu 9000c  ukuran partikel yang paling kecil adalah  57,1 x 10-6 dan yang paling besar adalah 1,28571 x 10-3 meter. Sedangkan pada suhu 10000c ukuran partikel yang paling kecil 30 x 10-6 meter sedangkan ukuran partikel yang paling besar adalah 67,5 x 10-5  meter. Kata kunci : Tanah liat, densitas, penyerapan air, kuat tekan dan SEM ABSTRACT A research of bricks from clay withouth mixture of rice husks from Tanah Merah Village-Kupang District-East Nusa Tenggara with temperature of 800oC, 900oC, and 1000oC has been done. The aim of this research is to determine quality of bricks from clay. Based on the result of this research, brick with temperature of 800oC has density value 1,12 gram/cm3, brick with temperature of 900oC has density value 1,002 gram/cm3, and brick with temperature of 1000oC has density value 1,15 gram/cm3. Compressive strength at temperature of 800oC is 2,73 N/mm2, compressive strength at temperature of 900oC is 1,38 N/mm2 and at the temperature of 1000oC is 4,09 N/mm2. For water absorption in the third temperature treatment are 1,39%  2,82% dan 1,42%. Grain size at temperature of 800oC has the smallest size is 28,5 x 10-6 meter and the largest size is 85,7 x 10-5 meter, grain size at temperature of 900oC has the smallest size is 57,1 x 10-6 meters and the largest size is 1,28571 x 10-3 meters, grain size at temperature of 1000oC has smallest size is 30 x 10-6 meters and the largest size is 67,5 x 10-5 meters.  Keywords :  Clay, density, water absorption, compressive strength and SEM

Physical Quality of Turmeric Powder (Curcuma longga Linn) Result of Foam-mat Drying Method Using Microwave

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Dhinar Patliani ◽  
Dian Purbasari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Two Factors

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) in Indonesia is widely known as a herbal medicinal plant, food coloring, and food flavoring. The high water content of turmeric will shorten the storage time and the quality of the ingredients. The need for drying which is the process of removing the moisture content of the material with the aim of prolonging the shelf life. The use of the foam-mat drying method with the addition of adhesives aims to speed up the drying process and maintain the quality of a material. The result of drying turmeric obtained is turmeric powder product. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the variation of the microwave oven power and the composition of the developer agent (ovalet). The research procedure was divided into two stages, namely the manufacture of powder and continued with the measurement of physical quality. The stages of making powder begin with the preparation of raw materials, stripping, size reduction, addition of developer, drying, then grinding. The second stage is measuring physical quality, namely fineness modulus, average grain size, powder moisture content, color, water absorption, oil absorption, and bulk density. The power variations used are 420 watts, 535 watts, and 680 watts, while the composition of the developer is 1%, 2%, and 4%. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA statistical test with two factors that affect the variation of power and composition of the developer (ovalet). FM values ​​ranged from 0.364 – 1.576, D values ​​ranged from 0.005 – 0.0012 mm, final moisture content values ​​ranged from 7.60 – 9.59%, powder moisture content values ​​ranged from 9.47 – 11.43%ww , L values ​​ranged from 61.46 – 65.96, a values ​​ranged from 13.54 – 16.05, b values ​​ranged from 48.21 – 52.42, DSA values ​​ranged from 2.78 – 3.54 ml/ g, DSM values ​​ranged from 1.22 – 1.60 ml/g, and DC values ​​ranged from 0.38 – 0.44 g/cm3. The combination treatment of drying power with developer is influenced by the drying power of the parameters, namely the value of moisture content, fineness modulus, average grain size, brightness level, redness level, yellowness level, oil absorption, water absorption, and bulk density. While the developer affects the finenes modulus, average grain size, yellowness level, and bulk density.

scholarly journals BATAKO LUMPUR LAPINDO SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MATERIAL PASANGAN DINDING

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rofikatul Karimah
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Class I ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Made In

Block made of mud is a building material used in making wall for building that is made fromsand, cement, and fly ash using certain percentage mud in sand. This research aimed to know theeffect of the use of lapindo mud towards the compressive strength, the absorption of block waterwith the mud dosage in sand are: 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. This research was an experimentalresearch; each design was made in size 10x20x40 cm using 5% of fly ash and without fly ash.The result of this research showed that the highest compressive strength was raised in 10%mud in sand with 5% fly ash that was 195 kg/cm2 or increased about 3.44 kg/cm2 within increasingpercentage about 10.651% towards the compressive of block without lapindo mud with 5% of flyash, and was included in class I quality of block. While for the 30% and 40% mud percentage islower compared with normal compressive strength of block. The test result of water absorption oflapindo mud block showed the higher value than 20% for lapindo mud block with 5% fly ash, inframing the mud blocks as the wall, those blocks need to be soaked first because the absorptionvalue of block is higher than 20%. Lapindo mud block without 5% fly ash has bricks water absorptionless than 20%, while in framing those bricks, they don’t need to be soaked because the absorptionof brick if lower than 20%. By using fly ash in mud block, we can get the higher compressivestrength and the lower water absorption.Keyword: Porong Mud, Block, Fly Ash, Compressive Strength, Absorption

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Lumpur Lapindo sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Genteng Keramik dengan Variasi Suhu Pembakaran

Eksergi ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 08
Author(s):  
Wasir Nuri ◽  
Dyah Tri Retno
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Type I ◽  
Flooded Rice ◽  
Roof Tile ◽  
Silica Oxide

Lapindo mudflow issued a very large volume of mud. The mud flooded rice fields, residential and industrial area to date has not been stopped but the mud bursts untapped yet. Therefore, attempted use Lapindo mud very much it to be made tile. Sludge containing 55.4% silica oxide, alumina 16.1% and 8.9% iron with the composition of the possibility of mud can be created tile roof. Dried mud that has been mashed into the grain size of 80 mesh, then water added until plastic. Mud that has plastic printed with size 6 x 3 x 3 cm and then dried using ambient air. After the dried samples were burned using a furnace at temperatures varying from 500 to 900oC, after chilling the samples tested compressive strength, fracture modulus and water absorption. The results showed that the higher the combustion temperature obtained greater compressive strength and less water absorption. Most compressive strength is 142 kg/cm2and smallest water absorption is 0.06 g/cm2at a temperature of 900oC. At combustion temperatures of 500 to 700oC fracture modulus down from 72.78 to 41.81 kg/cm2 while at 700 to 900oC fracture modulus rose to 126.7 kg/cm2. The best results obtained on the combustion temperature at 800oC with fracture modulus 103.18 kg/cm2 and water absorption 0.08 g/cm2.   These results satisfy roof tile as type I according SII.0027 UDC-81. 666.74.

scholarly journals Hydrochloric Acid Pretreatment of Different Types of Rice Husk Ash Influence on the Properties of Cement Paste

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Chunyan Xie ◽  
Chao Fu ◽  
Xiuli Wei ◽  
Dake Wu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Blank Control Group

When properly processed, rice husk ash (RHA) comprises a large amount of SiO2, which exhibits a high pozzolanic activity and acts as a good building filler. In this paper, the effects of rice husk ash content, acid pretreatment, and production regions on the compressive and flexural properties and water absorption of a cement paste were studied. The experimental results showed that the compressive strength of the rice husk ash was the highest with a 10% content level, which was about 16.22% higher than that of the control sample. The rice husk after acid pretreatment displayed a higher strength than that of the sample without the acid treatment, and the rice husk from the Inner Mongolia region indicated a higher strength than that from the Guangdong province. However, the flexural strength of each group was not significantly different from that of the blank control group. The trend observed for the water absorption was similar to that of the compressive strength. The variation in the RHA proportions had the greatest influence on the properties of the paste specimens, followed by the acid pretreatments of the rice husks. The production regions of the rice husks indicated the least influence.

Effect and Action Mechanism of Superplasticizer on Foamed Cement

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 1659-1662
Author(s):  
Chuan Wei Du ◽  
Guo Zhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Foam Structure ◽  
Softening Coefficient ◽  
Chemical Foaming

The ordinary Portland cement was used to prepare foamed cement by the chemical foaming method. In this paper, the effect of superplasticizer on the water absorption and softening coefficient of foamed cement has been studied. The results show that the superplasticizer could improve foam structure, reduce the water absorption, and enhance the compressive strength and softening coefficient. The water resistance could be improved. When the dosage of superplasticizer was 0.3% (the quality of cement), compared with blank sample, the water absorption reduced 27.9%. When the softening coefficient was 0.68, softening coefficient increased 19.2%. The action mechanism of superplasticizer has been explored.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Some Selected Sandcrete Hollow Blocks in Kogi State

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Ajibola Ibrahim Quadri ◽  
Lawrence Irobekhian Ijesoh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Analysis Of Results

The current wave of the collapse of building structure all over Nigeria necessitates the need to carry out research on the mechanical properties of sandcrete hollow blocks. This study looks into the quality of blocks produced by block industries in Kogi state, Nigeria to ascertain its water absorption ratio, compressive strength and sieve analysis. In order to clarify these problems, the study is directed towards testing the strength properties of commercially produced sandcrete blocks; to verify whether the sandcrete block can be improved to achieve good quality in the building industries.  A Total of five block industries were visited and twenty samples were picked at random from each of the selected block industry and also, soil samples obtained for soil tests in the laboratory. The analysis of results obtained was compared with the Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS). The average water absorption rate of the sandcrete blocks for block industry D was found to be 12.5% higher than the 12% maximum requirement of the [9]. The average compressive strength values of the sandcrete blocks range between 0.64N/mm2 and 0.87N/mm2 which when compared with standard, was found to be below the minimum requirement of the [9]. Inadequate mix ratio was observed to be one of the factors of poor quality sandcrete block production in this area. The study recommends compliance monitoring by the various regulatory body to ensure good quality of sandcrete block production.

scholarly journals UJI KUAT TEKAN DAYA SERAP AIR DAN MASSA JENIS BATU BATA MERAH BERBAHAN TAMBAHAN ABU KULIT DAN JANGGEL JAGUNG DI WULUHAN JEMBER

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Mei Sofiatul Hasanah ◽  
Yushardi Yushardi ◽  
Albertus Djoko Lesmono
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Absorption Measurement ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Quality Construction

The increase in Indonesia's development activities increases people's consumption of more quality construction materials and is easy to reach in terms of price. Building materials with good quality can improve the quality of building construction. The increasing need of the community for building materials triggered the development of the brick-making industry. Redbrick is an element of building used in building construction made from clay base material with or without other mixed materials. This research is a type of experimental research. The purpose of this study is to know and analyze the composition of the addition of corn bark ash and ash corn cob appropriately to produce the quality of bricks with high compressive strength, low water absorption, and large density. Additional materials in this study in the form of corn bark ash and ash corn cob. The quality of red bricks is seen from three aspects, namely compressive strength, water absorption, and density. The largest compressive strength was obtained in the addition of ash corn cob by 2.5% by 37.2 Kg/Cm2 and the compressive strength of 49.5 Kg/Cm2 on the addition of corn skin ash by 2.5%. Water absorption measurement of all types of red bricks the results of the study showed all the results of water absorption is not eligible sni. The highest density was obtained from a mixture of 2.5% ash corn cob material of 17.5 gr/Cm3. the best composition to produce bricks with strong compressive value and high density and have low water absorption is 2.5% addition of ash corn cob and the addition of 2.5% corn skin ash. Keywords: Red bricks, strong press, water absorption, density.

Kuat Tekan dan Penyerapan Batako Menggunakan Serat Pelepah Kelapa

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Darul Niham Wahono ◽  
Zaenuri Arifin ◽  
Yosef Cahyo Setianto Poernomo ◽  
Zendy Bima Mahardana ◽  
Ashabul Yamin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Material ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Test Objects

Brick is a building material that has a function as a room sealer. Its larger size, when compared to red brick, makes bricks more in demand in the market. Improving the quality of bricks needs to be done to meet the needs of the building. The use of added materials becomes one of the things that can be considered to improve the nature and quality of bricks. This research aims to find out the strong press and absorption of bricks with the use of coconut pellet fiber. The research was conducted experimentally with the manufacture of test objects in the laboratory. The test object used is in the form of a beam of 30x15x10 cm. The percentage variation of coconut fiber is 5%, 10%, and 15% of the weight mass in bricks. The tests carried out include a strong compressive and water absorption test with reference to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The results of water absorption tests obtained the optimum value in bricks with a mixture of 5% fiber which is 6% of the mass of the weight of the brick, while the minimum value is in the brick, 15% fiber, which is 10%. While the compressive strength results get the optimum value on the 5% fiber mix variation, which is 20.1 kg/cm², and the minimum value on the variation of 15% fiber is 8.8 kg/cm². From these results showed that bricks with coconut pellet fiber have not been able to improve the quality of bricks.

scholarly journals THE BRICK QUALITY REQUIREMENT FOR EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT BUILDING

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Totoh Andayono
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Quality Requirement ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
The Government ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
Safe House

The survey of earthquake damage to buildings in West Sumatra a few years ago showed that the most components of the buildings damaged are non-structural parts, that is wall made of brick. It caused by quality of the bricks are low. This encouraged the government disseminate how to build safer homes against earthquakes, which contains the methods of implementation and use standard materials.The samples of this study were bricks coming from people whose build homes in 5 districts in Padang Pariaman. The sample to be tested density, color, texture and shape, dimensions, water absorption and compressive strength. The results showed the average of compressive strength is 13, 35 kg/cm2, this value is not fulfill essential requirements to build earthquake-safe house (≥ 30 kg/cm2). The average of water absorption appropriate with requirements, 17, 72% (<20%). Most of the bricks were not fulfill the physical requirements. There were only 10% appropriate with density standard, as many as 70% and 60% of samples fulfill the essential requirements for length and width of bricks, but the entire sample did not appropriate with thickness which the deviation value are 10 – 17 mm.

Palm Kernel Ash and Eggshell Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement in Interlocking Brick Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 1047 ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Gunalaan Vasudevan ◽  
Heng Tze Cong
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell

This research uses eggshell ash and palm kernel shell ash as a partial replacement for cement in brick production. Previous researchers have used different materials as a replacement for cement. This research seeks to determine the best eggshell ash and palm kernel ash ratio as a partial replacement for cement in brick production. The experiment uses 5, 10, 15, and 20% eggshell ash and palm kernel shell ash for a partial replacement of cement. This research performs the compressive strength, water absorption, efflorescence, fire resistance, colour, sound and size tests to determine the quality of the brick containing eggshell ash and palm kernel shell ash as a partial replacement for cement. The results show that the best ratio for replacing cement in brick production is 15% eggshell ash and palm kernel shell.

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