scholarly journals Estudio y diseño del Sistema de Tierra Integral de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Autónoma de Campeche

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Francisco Román Lezama-Zárraga ◽  
Juan Carlos Ovando-Sierra ◽  
Margarita Castillo-Téllez ◽  
Juan Edgar Andrade-Durán
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Constant Frequency ◽  
Grounding System ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Stable Voltage ◽  
Electrical Installation

Nowadays, low voltage electrical systems are more complex due to sensitive non-linear loads to voltage variations due to disturbances or poor quality of power in the electricity supply network, so it is necessary to protect equipment people who use these electrical installations every day. This paper presents a study to design the equipotential grounding system of the Faculty of Engineering of the Campeche´s Autonomous University in order to obtain an earth impedance value that complies with the standards NXM-J-549-ANCE-2005 and NOM-001-SEDE-2012 to provide safety conditions to people and equipment operating in the electrical installation in low voltage, quickly draining the fault, making the value of the voltage with respect to the earth reached in the part failure is equal to or less than the safety value and offer the corrective measures to improve the quality of the energy, which we receive from the supplier company. This study is the basis to implement a model of integral earth system for any type of buildings in our environment to achieve stable voltage levels at a constant frequency.

scholarly journals Implementation of the TN-C-S Scheme in an Ungrounded Low Voltage Electrical Installation in Manaus / AM

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 936-945
Author(s):  
Gabriel Barbosa Soares ◽  
Djanielson De Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Livia Da Silva Oliveira ◽  
David Barbosa de Alencar ◽  
Manoel Henrique Reis Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Grounding System ◽  
The City ◽  
Electrical Installation

This paper is intended to formulate a hypothesis for the implementation of a grounding system in a low voltage electrical installation in the city of Manaus. According to ABRACOPEL and PROCOBRE 48% of Brazilian properties do not have a protection conductor and according to NBR 5410 and NBR 5419 the grounding system is of crucial importance, both for the protection of the building, as well as the human being; Inserted in this context, the present article seeks to report a method applied by the author for the implementation of a reliable grounding system that fits the Manaus Electric Power System.

Promotion of Symbiotic Relationship Between Human and Ecosystems in a Small Island

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryusuke Hosoda ◽  
Koichi Hanano ◽  
Yoichi Fukutani
Keyword(s):  
Small Island ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Populated Area ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Coastal Land

People have become aware that maintenance of symbiotic relations between people and their surrounding environment is important not only for people’s happiness but also for their own existence on the earth system. Facing up to reality, however, there have arisen matters of regret caused by the human lives and activities. One of big problems we have to consider is scatter of waste and debris on natural beaches, especially in the coastal area near the dense populated area. We have to remember that the scatter is the results of human activities mainly on the coastal land area. The problem had become serious on a small island located near the mouth of Osaka Bay, where rubbishes such as tins, bottles and plastic bottles, bags and sheets have been piled and remained on the beach for more than half a century. People living in a small community, who were worrying about the decline of the ecosystem of the small island, started the activity of beach cleaning more than ten years ago. Since then, the quality of the ecosystem on the island has been maintained in a permissible condition. They also started the field researches on the fauna and flora in and around the island to make an inventory of fauna and flora. Their activities were appreciated and they were honored with testimonials commending their contribution on the maintenance of symbiosis. In the present paper, people’s activities are introduced with the importance of promoting the symbiosis with ecosystem in surrounding natural environments.

scholarly journals Ideas and perspectives: climate-relevant marine biologically driven mechanisms in Earth system models

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Hense ◽  
Irene Stemmler ◽  
Sebastian Sonntag
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Earth System ◽  
System Models ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
System 1 ◽  
Earth System Models

Abstract. The current generation of marine biogeochemical modules in Earth system models (ESMs) considers mainly the effect of marine biota on the carbon cycle. We propose to also implement other biologically driven mechanisms in ESMs so that more climate-relevant feedbacks are captured. We classify these mechanisms in three categories according to their functional role in the Earth system: (1) biogeochemical pumps, which affect the carbon cycling; (2) biological gas and particle shuttles, which affect the atmospheric composition; and (3) biogeophysical mechanisms, which affect the thermal, optical, and mechanical properties of the ocean. To resolve mechanisms from all three classes, we find it sufficient to include five functional groups: bulk phyto- and zooplankton, calcifiers, and coastal gas and surface mat producers. We strongly suggest to account for a larger mechanism diversity in ESMs in the future to improve the quality of climate projections.

scholarly journals Observation Impact Assessment on the Prediction of the Earth System Dynamics Using the Adjoint-Based Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (61) ◽  
pp. 5-28
Author(s):  
Peter Steinle ◽  
Chris Tingwell ◽  
Sergei Soldatenko
Keyword(s):  
Earth System ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Future State ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction ◽  
The Impact

Mathematical models of the Earth system and its components represent one of the most powerful and effective instruments applied to explore the Earth system's behaviour in the past and present, and to predict its future state considering external influence. These models are critically reliant on a large number of various observations (in situ and remotely sensed) since the prediction accuracy is determined by, amongst other things, the accuracy of the initial state of the system in question, which, in turn, is defined by observational data provided by many different instrument types. The development of an observing network is very costly, hence the estimation of the effectiveness of existing observation network and the design of a prospective one, is very important. The objectives of this paper are (1) to present the adjoint-based approach that allows us to estimate the impact of various observations on the accuracy of prediction of the Earth system and its components, and (2) to illustrate the application of this approach to two coupled low-order chaotic dynamical systems and to the ACCESS (Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator) global model used operationally in the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. The results of numerical experiments show that by using the adjoint-based method it is possible to rank the observations by the degree of their importance and also to estimate the influence of target observations on the quality of predictions.

scholarly journals Improvements to the retrieval of tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> from satellite – stratospheric correction using SCIAMACHY limb/nadir matching and comparison to Oslo CTM2 simulations

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hilboll ◽  
A. Richter ◽  
A. Rozanov ◽  
Ø. Hodnebrog ◽  
A. Heckel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Earth System ◽  
Spatial Accuracy ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Matching Algorithm ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Tropospheric No2 ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Global Coverage

Abstract. Satellite measurements of atmospheric trace gases have proved to be an invaluable tool for monitoring the Earth system. When these measurements are to be used for assessing tropospheric emissions and pollution, as for example in the case of nadir measurements of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), it is necessary to separate the stratospheric from the tropospheric signal. The SCIAMACHY instrument offers the unique opportunity to combine its measurements in limb- and nadir-viewing geometries into a tropospheric data product, using the limb measurements of the stratospheric NO2 abundances to correct the nadir measurements' total columns. In this manuscript, we present a novel approach to limb/nadir matching, calculating one stratospheric NO2 value from limb measurements for every single nadir measurement, abandoning global coverage for the sake of spatial accuracy. For comparison, modelled stratospheric NO2 columns from the Oslo CTM2 are also evaluated for stratospheric correction. Our study shows that stratospheric NO2 columns from SCIAMACHY limb measurements very well reflect stratospheric conditions. The zonal variability of the stratospheric NO2 field is captured by our matching algorithm, and the quality of the resulting tropospheric NO2 columns improves considerably. Both stratospheric datasets need to be adjusted to the level of the nadir measurements, because a time- and latitude-dependent bias to the measured nadir columns can be observed over clean regions. After this offset is removed, the two datasets agree remarkably well, and both stratospheric correction methods provide a significant improvement to the retrieval of tropospheric NO2 columns from the SCIAMACHY instrument.

An experience of performing spirometry by trained general practitioners

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
M. A. Pokhaznikova ◽  
E. A. Andreeva ◽  
O. Yu. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Study Research ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Quality Of Research ◽  
Forced Expiratory Maneuver ◽  
Maximal Effort

The article discusses the experience of teaching and conducting spirometry of general practitioners as part of the RESPECT study (RESearch on the PrEvalence and the diagnosis of COPD and its Tobacco-related aetiology). A total of 33 trained in spirometry general practitioners performed a study of 3119 patients. Quality criteria met 84.1% of spirometric studies. The analysis of the most common mistakes made by doctors during the forced expiratory maneuver is included. The most frequent errors were expiration exhalation of less than 6s (54%), non-maximal effort throughout the test and lack of reproducibility (11.3%). Independent predictors of poor spirogram quality were male gender, obstruction (FEV1 /FVC<0.7), and the center where the study was performed. The number of good-quality spirograms ranged from 96.1% (95% CI 83.2–110.4) to 59.8% (95% CI 49.6–71.4) depending on the center. Subsequently, an analysis of the reasons behind the poor quality of research in individual centers was conducted and the identified shortcomings were eliminated. The poor quality of the spirograms was associated either with the errors of the doctors who undertook the study or with the technical malfunctions of the spirometer.

An Analysis of On-Bord High-Voltage Converters of Single-Phase Alternating Current with Increased Miroelectric Power Factor

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Yury Yu. SKOROKHOD ◽  
◽  
Sehgey I. VOL’SKIY ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Input Current ◽  
Voltage Converter ◽  
Input Unit ◽  
Power Circuit ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
Static Converters ◽  
Technical Requirements

The power circuit arrangements of on-board high-voltage static converters fed from a 3000 V AC single-phase network that in the general case produce multi-channel AC and DC output voltages are considered. The basic technical requirements posed to such converters are formulated. The general structural diagram of high-voltage converters with improved electric power consumption quality is given. Possible power circuit arrangements for the high-voltage converter input unit based on single-phase input current correction devices are considered. A classification and criteria for comparative evaluation of the possible power circuit arrangements of these devices are proposed. The information presented in the article will be of interest for specialists engaged in designing on-board electrical systems involving high-voltage converters that must comply with strict requirements for the quality of consumed single-phase input current.

KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN STROKE DI POLIKLINIK RAWAT JALAN RUMAH SAKIT SWASTA YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-237
Author(s):  
Hana Larasati ◽  
Theresia Titin Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Psychological Dimension

Background: stroke is a disorder of nervous system function that occurs suddenly and is caused by brain bleeding disorders that can affect the quality of life physical dimensions, social dimensions, psychological dimensions, environmental dimensions. Based on the result of Lumbu study (2015) the number of samples were 71 people collected data using the (WHOQOL-BREF). There were 56 people (78,9%) had the poor quality of life of post stroke. The mean of post-stroke quality of life domain was physical domain (45,27%), psychological domain (49,87%), social relations domain (48,15%) and environmental domain (50.01%). Objective: the purpose of the study was know the quality of life of the stroke patients in Outpatient Polyclinic of Private Hospital in Yogyakarta. Methods: used descriptive quantitative by using questionnaire test of purposive sampling system based on patients who have been affected of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke before, number 30 respondents. Result: quality of life of stroke patient of medium physical dimension (67%), psychological dimension (71%), social dimension (67%), dimension good environment (63%). Conclusion: the quality of life of stroke patients of physical dimension, psychological dimension, and moderate social dimension, while the quality of life of stroke patients were good environmental dimension.   Keywords: Hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, quality of life

YEAR 2020: ON THE REMAINING REPRODUCTIVE THREATS AND THEIR NEUTRALIZATION ON THE WAYS TO IMPROVE STRATEGIC PLANNING AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY, THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AND ITS SECTORAL AND REGIONAL SUBSYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-53
Author(s):  
Yu.B. Vinslav
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Modernization

The article analyzes the main indicators of the evolution of the domestic economy and its industrial complex in the past year (in January — November 2019). It Identifies trends in this evolution, including negative trends that determine the preservation of reproductive threats in 2020: sluggishness, instability and low quality of economic growth. The main reasons for the fact that the objective resource capabilities of the macro level were clearly not used enough to effectively solve the urgent problems of technological modernization of the economy and increase people’s welfare are established. The main reason is the poor quality of public administration, including imperfect strategic planning and industrial policy; there is still no modern national innovation system in the country. Accordingly, recommendations for improving the quality of state regulation in its specified components are justified. The recommended measures, according to the author, will help the economy to move to a trajectory of rapid, sustainable and high-quality growth.

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