Dargomyzhsky's Esthetics: Traditional Approach with Nontraditional Conclusions

10.34690/115 ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 82-117
Author(s):  
Ирина Владимировна Степанова

В статье рассматривается эстетика Даргомыжского. В течение двух десятилетий автор читает в Московской консерватории спецкурс, посвященный этому русскому классику. Детальное изучение эпистолярия композитора и редко исполняемых сочинений вызвало желание пересмотреть многие хрестоматийные положения, касающиеся его эстетики и общей эволюции творчества. Хочется верить, что знакомство с предлагаемым текстом подарит читателю не только ощущение новизны восприятия музыки Даргомыжского, но и приблизит к пониманию истинной сложности его личности, которая оказывается значительно более яркой, глубокой и интригующей, чем представлялась ранее. Пафос статьи не ограничивается сказанным. Одна из центральных проблем, в ней поднятых, связана со степенью одаренности композитора. Она активно обсуждалась при жизни Даргомыжского, замалчивалась в советское время, возвысившее композитора до великих по идеологическим причинам, но сегодня вновь актуальна. Автор не скрывает полемической заостренности этого вопроса. The article deals with the esthetics of Dargomyzhsky. For two decades the author has been delivering a specialized course dedicated to this Russian classic. Detailed examination of the composer's epistolary and the seldom performed pieces inspired the desire to revise many of the canonical concepts pertaining to his esthetics and the general evolution of his oeuvre. Tantalizingly, the glimpse of this narrative will not only compliment the reader with a feeling of new perception of Dargomyzhsky's music but will also bring us closer to understanding of the intrinsic sophistication of his personality that turns out to be much brighter, deeper and thought-provoking than it previously appeared. The message of the article is not confined to the above said. One of its focal points is related with the extent of the composer's natural aptitude. This topic was actively discussed during Dargomyzhsky's life, hushed up about in the Soviet times when Dargomyzhsky was raised to the “great” level for ideological reasons, but today has again resumed its actuality. The author does not hold back the polemic bitterness of this issue.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Yang Gao

<p>China's rapidly growing economy has seen a sharp rise in energy consumption and correspondingly a new focus on energy security. Over the last decade, China has adopted an energy security approach emphasizing its external energy supply, especially oil supply, which is quite similar to the approach established in industrialized Western countries (IWCs) since the 1970s' energy crises. However, China‟s energy situation is profoundly different from the West with over 90 percent of its energy being produced domestically and nearly 70 percent being coal-based. To explain why the approach in China is similar to that of major IWCs, I demonstrate that while the IWCs constructed their energy security concept and subsequent policy responses on their energy situation, China's approach has largely been influenced by a domestic ideational factor and Western energy security concept. By providing a detailed examination of China's energy situation, highlighting the unique energy security vulnerabilities and threats it faces, I argue current mainstream energy security thinking in China does not match its comprehensive energy situation. It is therefore not adequate to address its energy security challenges. The thesis concludes that, a 'broader' energy security approach, going beyond the traditional thinking, should be developed to incorporate more energy sectors and domestic energy issues in China.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Yang Gao

<p>China's rapidly growing economy has seen a sharp rise in energy consumption and correspondingly a new focus on energy security. Over the last decade, China has adopted an energy security approach emphasizing its external energy supply, especially oil supply, which is quite similar to the approach established in industrialized Western countries (IWCs) since the 1970s' energy crises. However, China‟s energy situation is profoundly different from the West with over 90 percent of its energy being produced domestically and nearly 70 percent being coal-based. To explain why the approach in China is similar to that of major IWCs, I demonstrate that while the IWCs constructed their energy security concept and subsequent policy responses on their energy situation, China's approach has largely been influenced by a domestic ideational factor and Western energy security concept. By providing a detailed examination of China's energy situation, highlighting the unique energy security vulnerabilities and threats it faces, I argue current mainstream energy security thinking in China does not match its comprehensive energy situation. It is therefore not adequate to address its energy security challenges. The thesis concludes that, a 'broader' energy security approach, going beyond the traditional thinking, should be developed to incorporate more energy sectors and domestic energy issues in China.</p>


Author(s):  
Julia Hörnle

Chapter 6 examines jurisdiction in criminal investigations where the digital evidence is stored in another country, as is likely where data is stored in the cloud. The territoriality principle and sovereignty mean that states are not allowed to carry out acts of investigations outside their territory. Internet technologies and remote cloud storage in the twenty-first century mean that much forensic evidence is likely to be physically stored in another country. If law enforcement authorities seize a computer on their territory it is increasingly likely that some of the data is stored in the cloud. Therefore, traditional investigatory powers limited to territory (such as a warrant to seize physical items) are not sufficient. This raises difficult questions of whether powers in respect of extended computer searches or disclosure orders can be implemented extraterritorially without breaching international law. This chapter provides a detailed examination of the traditional mechanisms of international cooperation through mutual legal assistance, the difficulties inherent in the traditional approach and the mechanisms to overcome these difficulties, including unilateral acts by states and new forms of international cooperation, such as the US system of bilateral agreements envisaged in the Cloud Act and, for the EU, the EU E-Evidence Proposal. The chapter critically analyses the data protection and human rights issues implicated by cross-border digital investigations and the role of private service providers who may disclose data in response to foreign law enforcement requests.


Author(s):  
Żaneta Jamrozik

Glancing at the title of Ewa Mazierska’ s Nabokov’ s Cinematic Afterlife one might expect a book favouring a traditional approach to adaptation studies. The title pointing to the name of Vladimir Nabokov, suggests that the writer and therefore literature occupies the centre of this study. Then, a look at the book’s table of contents may assure the reader that he or she is about to read eight essays, each focused on only one film and (as one is likely to believe) one Nabokov novel. This rule of comparison seems to be in effect until the ninth chapter titled simply Vladimir Nabokov and Jean-Luc Godard. However, more detailed examination of the contents reveals that among the first eight chapters only the last one mentions the name of Nabokov and the title of his short story, The Assistant Producer, although places it beside Triple Agent, a film written and directed by...


Author(s):  
J. P. Colson ◽  
D. H. Reneker

Polyoxymethylene (POM) crystals grow inside trioxane crystals which have been irradiated and heated to a temperature slightly below their melting point. Figure 1 shows a low magnification electron micrograph of a group of such POM crystals. Detailed examination at higher magnification showed that three distinct types of POM crystals grew in a typical sample. The three types of POM crystals were distinguished by the direction that the polymer chain axis in each crystal made with respect to the threefold axis of the trioxane crystal. These polyoxymethylene crystals were described previously.At low magnifications the three types of polymer crystals appeared as slender rods. One type had a hexagonal cross section and the other two types had rectangular cross sections, that is, they were ribbonlike.


Author(s):  
A. Ourmazd ◽  
G.R. Booker ◽  
C.J. Humphreys

A (111) phosphorus-doped Si specimen, thinned to give a TEM foil of thickness ∼ 150nm, contained a dislocation network lying on the (111) plane. The dislocation lines were along the three <211> directions and their total Burgers vectors,ḇt, were of the type , each dislocation being of edge character. TEM examination under proper weak-beam conditions seemed initially to show the standard contrast behaviour for such dislocations, indicating some dislocation segments were undissociated (contrast A), while other segments were dissociated to give two Shockley partials separated by approximately 6nm (contrast B) . A more detailed examination, however, revealed that some segments exhibited a third and anomalous contrast behaviour (contrast C), interpreted here as being due to a new dissociation not previously reported. Experimental results obtained for a dislocation along [211] with for the six <220> type reflections using (g,5g) weak-beam conditions are summarised in the table below, together with the relevant values.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-478
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Crais ◽  
Melody Harrison Savage

Purpose The shortage of doctor of philosophy (PhD)–level applicants to fill academic and research positions in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) programs calls for a detailed examination of current CSD PhD educational practices and the generation of creative solutions. The intended purposes of the article are to encourage CSD faculty to examine their own PhD program practices and consider the perspectives of recent CSD PhD graduates in determining the need for possible modifications. Method The article describes the results of a survey of 240 CSD PhD graduates and their perceptions of the challenges and facilitators to completing a PhD degree; the quality of their preparation in research, teaching, and job readiness; and ways to improve PhD education. Results Two primary themes emerged from the data highlighting the need for “matchmaking.” The first time point of needed matchmaking is prior to entry among students, mentors, and expectations as well as between aspects of the program that can lead to students' success and graduation. The second important matchmaking need is between the actual PhD preparation and the realities of the graduates' career expectations, and those placed on graduates by their employers. Conclusions Within both themes, graduate's perspectives and suggestions to help guide future doctoral preparation are highlighted. The graduates' recommendations could be used by CSD PhD program faculty to enhance the quality of their program and the likelihood of student success and completion. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11991480


Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Auzoult ◽  
Sid Abdellaoui

Background: Suicide prevention is a major challenge for penal institutions in many countries. The traditional approach relies on the expertise of health professionals and is supplemented by the intervention of other professionals and the inmates themselves. New methods of suicide prevention based on peer support have been developed in recent years. Peer prevention programs rely on the ability of inmates to identify suicide risk. Aims: This study examines perceived suicide risk among inmates and explores possible explanations. Method: 54 inmates and 17 professionals working in prisons responded to a questionnaire. Results: The peer prevention program was found to change inmates’ expectations of support in the event of a suicide crisis. The study also found that the inmates involved in the program tended to underestimate the risk of suicide. The perception of the prevention program and the level of self-consciousness were found to account for the underestimation of suicide risk. Conclusions: Support for inmates involved in suicide prevention programs must take into account their isolation in prison. The training provided to inmates must also consider the biases affecting the assessment of risk.


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