Proposal for the Universalization of Humanized Care in Health Centers: Oncological Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Maria Luiza Raduan Meinberg ◽  
◽  
Ana Cristyna Saad Murad ◽  
Isabela Daher Anbar ◽  
João Pedro Daher Anbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Cancer Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Review Model ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Legislation

Introduction: Cancer is the main public health problem in the world and is already among the top four causes of death before the age of 70 in most countries. In this context, the interest in quality in the care of cancer services is evident. Because of this, several techniques and methods for this measurement are beginning to emerge, but so far there is no valid and reliable methodological strategy of consensus among researchers, except for the HUMAS and QUALISUS (Brazil) scale. Objective: To present the main strategies and criteria to propose a standard model for the validation of humanized care of oncological individuals from Brazil to the world, based on HUMAS international and QUALISUS in Brazil. Methods: The present study followed a review model of the main national and international public health legislation from Brazil (QUALISUS), WHO (World Health Organization), Health Professional Humanization Scale (HUMAS), and scientific articles. Results: Due to the automation of care, the concept of humanization of care has been increasingly discussed in the scientific literature. Respect for the patient's dignity, uniqueness, individuality, and humanity, as well as adequate working conditions and sufficient human and material resources, are the key elements of the humanization of care that were highlighted in this study's proposal. The factors that can contribute the most to the humanization process are the affection in the service, the friendliness and the smile, and the ones that can make it more difficult are the bad mood, the noise, and the punctual non-attendance. Conclusion: This study presented the main strategies and criteria to propose a standard model for the validation of humanized care of oncological individuals from Brazil to the world, strongly pointing out that hospital humanization must be experienced and felt by all who work in the hospital and need to reflect on the care offered to clients and their families.

scholarly journals Trachoma Prevalence After Discontinuation of Mass Azithromycin Distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (Supplement_5) ◽  
pp. S519-S524
Author(s):  
William Godwin ◽  
Joaquin M Prada ◽  
Paul Emerson ◽  
P J Hooper ◽  
Ana Bakhtiari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Program Cycle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oral Azithromycin

Abstract Background As the World Health Organization seeks to eliminate trachoma by 2020, countries are beginning to control the transmission of trachomatous inflammation–follicular (TF) and discontinue mass drug administration (MDA) with oral azithromycin. We evaluated the effect of MDA discontinuation on TF1–9 prevalence at the district level. Methods We extracted from the available data districts with an impact survey at the end of their program cycle that initiated discontinuation of MDA (TF1–9 prevalence <5%), followed by a surveillance survey conducted to determine whether TF1–9 prevalence remained below the 5% threshold, warranting discontinuation of MDA. Two independent analyses were performed, 1 regression based and 1 simulation based, that assessed the change in TF1–9 from the impact survey to the surveillance survey. Results Of the 220 districts included, TF1–9 prevalence increased to >5% from impact to surveillance survey in 9% of districts. Regression analysis indicated that impact survey TF1–9 prevalence was a significant predictor of surveillance survey TF1–9 prevalence. The proportion of simulations with >5% TF1–9 prevalence in the surveillance survey was 2%, assuming the survey was conducted 4 years after MDA. Conclusion An increase in TF1–9 prevalence may represent disease resurgence but could also be due to measurement error. Improved diagnostic tests are crucial to elimination of TF1–9 as a public health problem.

scholarly journals Role of Oral Health Directorate-Ministry of Health-Khartoum State-Sudan during COVID-19 Pandemic-May-2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisam Gabani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Directorate ◽  
Pain And Suffering ◽  
Health Organization

The outbreak of COVID19 started from Wuhan, China, last December 2019 and have become a major challenging public health problem not only China but also all the countries around the world. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization announced that this outbreak had constituted a public health emergency of international concern. Our traditions in Sudan have contributed a lot to the spread of the virus. The social life of our people is so much connected and there are some practices that they need to drop. The health system in Sudan is suffering a lot of problems makes it difficult to contain the situation easily. The Oral Health Directorate plays a major and leading role in reducing the pain and suffering of the patients complaining from oral and dental problems in respect to the current situation of the pandemic.

scholarly journals Lipid Metabolism as a Targetable Metabolic Vulnerability in Colorectal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Yekaterina Zaytseva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Colorectal cancer (CRC), the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths according to the World Health Organization, remains a substantial public health problem worldwide [...]

scholarly journals Forecasting trachoma control and identifying transmission-hotspots

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Blumberg ◽  
Joaquin M Prada ◽  
Christine Tedijanto ◽  
Michael S Deiner ◽  
William W Godwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Local Control ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clinical Indicator ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract: Background Tremendous progress towards elimination of trachoma as a public health problem has been made. However, there are areas where the clinical indicator of disease, trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF), remains prevalent. We quantify the progress that has been made, and forecast how TF prevalence will evolve with current interventions. We also determine the probability that a district is a transmission-hotspot based on its TF prevalence (i.e. reproduction number greater than one). Methods Data on trachoma prevalence comes from the GET2020 global repository organized by the World Health Organization and the International Trachoma Initiative. Forecasts of TF prevalence and the percent of districts achieving local control is achieved by regressing the coefficients of a fitted exponential distribution for the year-by-year distribution of TF prevalence. The probability of a district being a transmission-hotspot is extrapolated from the residuals of the regression. Results Forecasts suggest that with current interventions, 96.5% of surveyed districts will have TF prevalence among children aged 1-9 years <5% by 2030 (95% CI: 86.6-100.0%). Districts with TF prevalence < 20% appear unlikely to be transmission-hotspots. However, a district having TF prevalence of over 28% in 2016-2019 corresponds to at least 50% probability of being a transmission-hotspot. Conclusions Sustainable control of trachoma appears achievable. However there are transmission-hotspots that are not responding to annual mass drug administration of azithromycin and require enhanced treatment in order to reach local control

scholarly journals World Health Organization Strategies to Reduce Smoking

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Nadia Aguilar Castro ◽  
Eduardo Hernández Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Educational Communication ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
The World ◽  
Tobacco Epidemic ◽  
Health Organization

Today, tobacco is a serious public health problem considered a risk factor in chronic diseases and its complications. Tobacco habit is a risk factor completely modifiable, so it is important to quit this bad habit at all ages. Due to tobacco epidemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) and the Monitor, Protect, Offer, Warn, Enforce and Raise (MPOWER) Brochures and the importance of the use of social marketing as a tool of educational communication to transmit health information clearly, and promote healthy lifestyles, reinforce knowledge, attitudes or behaviors.

scholarly journals Forecasting trachoma control and identifying transmission-hotspots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Blumberg ◽  
Joaquin M Prada ◽  
Christine Tedijanto ◽  
Michael S Deiner ◽  
William W. Godwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Local Control ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clinical Indicator ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractBackgroundTremendous progress towards elimination of trachoma as a public health problem has been made. However, there are areas where the clinical indicator of disease, trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF), remains prevalent. We quantify the progress that has been made, and forecast how TF prevalence will evolve with current interventions. We also determine the probability that a district is a transmission-hotspot based on its TF prevalence (i.e. reproduction number greater than one).MethodsData on trachoma prevalence comes from the GET2020 global repository organized by the World Health Organization and the International Trachoma Initiative. Forecasts of TF prevalence and the percent of districts achieving local control is achieved by regressing the coefficients of a fitted exponential distribution for the year-by-year distribution of TF prevalence. The probability of a district being a transmission-hotspot is extrapolated from the residuals of the regression.ResultsForecasts suggest that with current interventions, 96.5% of surveyed districts will have TF prevalence among children aged 1-9 years <5% by 2030 (95% CI: 86.6-100.0%). Districts with TF prevalence < 20% appear unlikely to be transmission-hotspots. However, a district having TF prevalence of over 28% in 2016-2019 corresponds to at least 50% probability of being a transmission-hotspot.ConclusionsSustainable control of trachoma appears achievable. However there are transmission-hotspots that are not responding to annual mass drug administration of azithromycin and require enhanced treatment in order to reach local control

scholarly journals O Aedes Aegypti e a Dengue: Aspectos Gerais e Panorama da Dengue no Brasil e no Mundo

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Luciana Dias Lemes de Vargas ◽  
Darlene Miranda de Freitas ◽  
Bruna Rosa dos Santos ◽  
Mari Rose de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Marcelo Dias de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Hot And Humid Climates ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
General Aspects

A dengue, transmitida através da picada do mosquito Aedes Aegypti, é considerada uma doença endêmica e com disseminação mundial, podendo evoluir, de forma branda a grave, e até mesmo letal. Os países, com clima tropical, quente e úmido, como o Brasil, possuem condições favoráveis e facilitadoras para a reprodução do seu vetor e aumento da cadeia de transmissibilidade e contaminação, tornando um sério problema de saúde pública. Diante deste cenário, o propósito deste estudo foi sintetizar as informações disponíveis sobre o Aedes aegypti e a dengue, abrangendo aspectos gerais da doença e o panorama da dengue no Brasil e no Mundo, a fim de compilar material educativo. Os estudos relacionados ao tema foram encontrados mediante busca na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed e Embase. Também foram consultados documentos do Ministério da Saúde e Organização Mundial da Saúde sobre o manejo da dengue.  A dengue é um grave problema de saúde pública, com diversas condições facilitadoras de transmissão, quatro diferentes sorotipos, que propicia reinfecção, sem tratamento específico e nem vacina disponível. Dessa forma, o meio mais eficaz de evitar sua propagação é pela prevenção. Para isso, as pessoas em todo Mundo devem ter o conhecimento e informações necessárias sobre prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento, a fim de  evitar sua transmissão, disseminação e letalidade.     Palavras-chave: Dengue. Aedes aegypti. Aspectos Gerais. Saúde Pública.   Abstract Dengue, transmitted through the bite of  Aedes Aegypti mosquito, is considered an endemic disease with worldwide spread, and can evolve from mild to severe and even lethal. Countries with tropical, hot and humid climates, such as Brazil, have favorable and facilitating conditions for the reproduction of their vector and an increase in the transmissibility and contamination chain, making it a serious public health problem. Given this scenario, the purpose of this study was to synthesize the available information on Aedes aegypti and dengue, covering general aspects of the disease and the  dengue panorama in Brazil and in the world in order to compile educational material. The studies related to the theme were found by searching the Virtual Health Library, PubMed and Embase. Documents from the Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization on dengue management were also consulted. Dengue is a serious public health problem, with several conditions that facilitate transmission, four different serotypes that provide reinfection, with no specific treatment and no vaccine available. Thus, the most effective way to prevent its spread is through prevention. Thus, people all over the world must have the necessary knowledge and information on prevention, diagnosis and treatment, in order to avoid its transmission, dissemination and lethality.   Keywords: Dengue. Aedes aegypti. General Aspects. Public Health.

scholarly journals Violence a global public health problem

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Dahlberg ◽  
Etienne G. Krug
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World Health ◽  
General Description ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

This article is a version of the Introduction to the World Report on Violence and Health, published by the World Health Organization (WHO). It presents a general description about this phenomenon and points some basic questions: concepts and definitions about the theme; the state of knowledge about it; nature and typology on violence; proposal of a quantitative and qualitative approach of an ecological model; responsibilities and functions of the public health sector and its potentiality to prevent and reduce violence in the world; the responsibilities of the nations and the policy makers in a intersetorial point of view; difficulties and obstacles for actuation and challenges for the health sector.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Factors Related to Suicide Records in the World Between 1985 and 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
João Pedro Barbosa de Almeida ◽  
Matheus Carvalho Nascimento de Souza ◽  
Yuri Papaterra Fonseca ◽  
Felipe Emmanouil Martires Stamoglou ◽  
Márcio Renê Brandão Soussa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Suicide is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a public health problem that afflicts the whole society and it counts more deaths than many diseases. Therefore, the current objective is to analyze the suicide deaths between 1985 and 2020 and classify them according to the act. Through KNN, this study presents suicide cases grouped by sex (male and female) and associate them to factors by country, pointing out information that allows us to understand what influences the act the most directly or indirectly. The results showed that, unlike other researches, the rate of suicide does not have differences based on sex. However, further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Major Actions of Preventive Measures on Sars-Cov-2: An Updated Vision for Emergency Physicians

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Mariana de Almeida Lima ◽  
Manoel de Almeida Lima ◽  
Vitor Bottós da Silva ◽  
Dorival Scantamburlo Júnior ◽  
Marcio Cesar Reino Gaggini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
The World ◽  
Review Model ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has infected more than 23 million individuals to date and has resulted in more than 800,000 deaths worldwide. The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants requires the urgent development of accurate diagnostic methods, effective treatments, and vaccines. The recommendations are also related to the Expert Consensus for Clinical Management of Covid-19, at the headquarters of the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization (PAHO / WHO) in Brasilia (Brazil). Objective: To gather the main pathophysiological considerations of COVID-19, as well as the actions of investigation, management, and adoption of preventive measures against the complications caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the emergency of hospitals. Methods: This study followed an integrative review model based on the systematic review model. The search for the articles occurred in the databases WHO, PAHO, Ministry of Health, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 58 clinical studies were recruited and submitted to eligibility analysis and, after that, 26 studies were selected, including official public health guidelines and regulations. To the published articles, studies of high to medium quality and with risks of bias were selected that do not compromise the scientific basis of the studies. Based on the main literary findings, as well as the main public health guidelines published in the world, patients with COVID-19 may present respiratory syndromes very similar to the common influenza virus (influenza), being a challenge for early detection during screening. in emergency departments. According to the official health agencies of Brazil (Ministry of Health) and the world (WHO/PAHO) and their regulations, it was defined that the clinical criteria for hospital discharge should take into account the improvement of the clinical picture, the absence of tachydyspnea and hypoxia, the absence of O2 supplementation for at least 24 hours, hemodynamic stability, good oral acceptance and absence of fever.

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