scholarly journals Evaluation of the Hydroelectric Potential of the TokounouWaterfall, Kankan Prefecture, Guinea

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Faya Oulare ◽  
Fodé Cisse ◽  
Ansoumane Sakouvogui ◽  
Amadou Sidibe ◽  
Mamby Keita
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Useful Power ◽  
Hydro Power Potential

This study is a continuation of the work of evaluation and valuation of the hydro power potential of Small hydropower plants in Guinea. With a total hydroelectric potential estimated at 6000 MW, Guinea generally suffers from a lack of electrical energy, especially in rural areas where nearly 70% of the populations live and less than 15% of this population is connected to the grid. Electricity of the country, which has the negative consequence of the misuse of wood as a source of energy. Hence the need for this study, which aims to assess the hydroelectric potential of the Tokounou waterfall in Kankan prefecture. The main results obtained relate to : the turbine flow rate, the net head, the useful power, the dimensions of the loading basin, the characteristics of the penstock and the choice of turbine. Proposals for the use of the estimated hydroelectric potential have been made, which could improve the energy needs of the locality.

scholarly journals Contributions to the development of a methodology for determining the flow rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Cristian Purece ◽  
Valeriu Panaitescu ◽  
Irina Alina Chera Anghel
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Wireless Data ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Actual Operating ◽  
Wireless Data Transmission ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Data Transmission System

The implementation of the requirements of the European Parliament Directive 2009/28 / EC requires efficient use of the water supply of a hydropower plants installation in order to obtain a higher amount of electricity by producing the same volume of water. In order to achieve efficient utilization of the energy of the water is necessary framing the operation of hydropower plants in the ranges of head course and the electric power so that the energy conversion is carried out in the optimum efficiency characteristic operation of the system. In order to determine as accurately the actual operating characteristics of a hydro-unit, in situ tests are required to determine the actual operating parameters of the hydro-unit. These parameters, the flow rate is the parameter that requires the most complex methodologies to determine. The paper presents a way of improvement but also a simplification of the methodology for in situ determination of the flow to small hydropower plants by using a mobile frame that has implemented a wireless data transmission system.

scholarly journals The Influence of Changing Hydropower Potential on Performance Parameters of Pumps in Turbine Mode

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Polák
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Total Head ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Water Turbines

Pumps as turbines (PAT) are used as an alternative to water turbines in small hydropower plants. The same devices can also be used for energy recovery in water distribution networks. They can replace pressure reduction valves that often lead to energy loss. However, PATs lack the parts that regulate flow so that when a hydropower potential change occurs, efficiency is reduced, as is economic gain. This article summarizes the influence of changing hydropower potential on PAT efficiency and presents comparisons of experimental results with the commonly used predictive model stemming from the theory of physical similarity, which presumes constant PAT efficiency. Our research indicates that the deviation between the model and the real power output calculation at varying potentials was minimal. Similarly, the affine parabola can be used to determine the relationship between total head and flow rate. Other relationships differ from reality the more the PAT efficiency changes. The flow rate and total head dependence on shaft speed are the main factors when setting the optimum operational parameters at varying hydropower potentials. Therefore, a change in efficiency must be included in predictive calculations to correctly optimize PAT operation. The problem is that a change in efficiency cannot be reliably predicted in advance, especially in the case of small-scale devices. For this reason, further research on the issue of changes in PAT efficiency is necessary.

scholarly journals Optimal selection of pumps as turbines for maximizing electrical energy production

2021 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Lucrezia Manservigi ◽  
Mauro Venturini ◽  
Enzo Losi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
General Procedure ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Performance Curves ◽  
Electrical Energy Production

A Pump as Turbine (PAT) is a renewable energy technology that can be a cost-effective and reliable alternative to hydraulic turbines in micro and small hydropower plants. In order to further favour PAT exploitation, a general procedure that allows the identification of the most suitable turbomachine to install is required. To this purpose, this paper develops a novel methodology aimed at selecting the best PAT that, among several alternatives, maximizes energy production. The methodology comprises two steps, which only require the knowledge of the best efficiency point of the considered pump and the hydraulic parameters of the site. The novel methodology is validated in this paper by calculating the electrical energy production of a simulated water distribution network coupled with several PATs, whose performance curves, both in direct and reverse modes, are taken from the literature. For the sake of generality, the considered turbomachines account for different geometrical characteristics, rotational speeds and operating ranges.

scholarly journals Environmental threats of build mini-plant cascade in the river Cheremosh

2014 ◽  
pp. 403-407
Author(s):  
Y. Ilchyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Hydro Power Plants ◽  
Water Plants

The article coverage the development issues Carpathian cascade mini-hydro-plants for example basin Cheremosh. It was the influence of existing hydro power plants in natural (water) environment and proved inappropriate, unprofitable and environmental threat. Available mini water plants violate hydrologic regime (water content of the river) and stimulates the development of erosion-accumulative processes, endangered species and benthic organisms integral component of aquatic ecosystems. Operation of small hydropower plants also contributes to shallowing of rivers and creation of artificial barriers for migration and gene pool exchange between populations of aquatic animals. The construction of mini hydro cascade prevents alloys of the river (rafting). In addition there is a threat of ecological security of the region and the development tourism and recreation, social and economic potential of the basin, the Cheremosh. Key words: mini-hydro, river Cheremosh, water quality, environmental hazards, hydrology, hydroecology.

scholarly journals Small Hydro Power Viability Assessment of Elemi River in Ekiti State of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Olumuyiwa O. Fagbohun ◽  
Toyin Omotoso Omotoso
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Viability Assessment ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hydro Power Potential ◽  
Higher Institutions

A stable, reliable and uninterrupted power supply is one of the basic requirement for economic, social and industrial growth of any nation. Electricity generation capacity in Nigeria is grossly insufficient for the growing demand and there is a need to incorporate small hydropower (SHP) schemes which can be installed in some of the available rivers and streams that are scattered around the country to complement the energy shortage and deficiency. This paper investigated the viability of Elemi river, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria for a small hydropower scheme as a possible source of off-grid electricity generation to solve the incessant power outages in the three major higher institutions within its catchment. The power demand of the three higher institutions was estimated using questionnaires. The hydrological data for the study area for 11 years spanning 2005 to 2015 were collected and analyzed to determine the flow duration curve (FDC). The mean average velocity of the stream was calculated as 1.21m/s, with average annual flow discharge of 45.9 m3/s, and an average minimal flow of 9.1 m3/s. The average mean estimated hydro power potential obtainable using a diversion scheme is 2.21MW. It was discovered that the yield capacity of Elemi river for power generation with a diversion scheme could not provide the power requirement for any of the 3 higher institutions within its course due to its relatively flat terrain with the maximum derivable head of 8 m. A recommendation for the construction of a dam for an impounded scheme with a minimum gross head of 20 m, which adequately serve the needs, of at least one of the Institutions is made.

scholarly journals A geographic information systems analysis of hydro power potential in South Africa

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ballance ◽  
D. Stephenson ◽  
R. A. Chapman ◽  
J. Muller
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Hydro Power Potential

Electrification can reduce the dependence on combustible fuels and therefore also reduce the concomitant health risks. Hydro power is one possible method of generating electric power close to the potential consumers, thereby cutting out expensive reticulation costs in widely spread rural areas. For sustainable electricity generation there must be stream flows of sufficient flow rates down significant slopes. A preliminary assessment of hydro power potential in South Africa was undertaken by estimating actual energy potential calculated from digital maps of slope and runoff. Coefficients of variation and low flow indices proved good potential measures of flow variability and risk. The methodology allowed rapid identification of micro- and macro-hydro power potential. Micro-hydro power potential identification was calculated from run of river and local flow, while macro-hydro power generation needs storage and thus cumulative river flows were used. The steeper and more humid slopes of the eastern escarpment, and parts of the southern escarpment near Cape Town, showed the best potential for both micro- and macro-hydro power (with annual energy potential values in excess of 107 kWh yr−1 and 109 kWh yr−1, respectively). This preliminary assessment was intended to lead to further more detailed and in-field assessments of hydro power generating capacity.

scholarly journals Automatic voltage regulation system construction for synchronous generator of a small hydro power plant using thyristor pathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 01036
Author(s):  
Ishembek Kadyrov ◽  
Nurzat Karaeva ◽  
Zheenbek Andarbekov ◽  
Bakytuulu Azamat ◽  
Oleg Fedorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Energy ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Hydraulic Unit ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
The Republic

The article presents indicators of the hydropower potential of Kyrgyzstan, shows the share of small hydropower plants in the production of electric energy in the energy sector of the republic, reveals the problematic issues that need to be revealed in this work. A brief description of the existing automatic voltage regulation system and automatic field blanking system is given. Based on the analysis of existing systems, their shortcomings were identified and the main functions formulated for automatic voltage regulation systems in both static and dynamic modes associated with starting and stopping the generator, loading and dumping, as well as protective measures taken to ensure reliability operation of the hydraulic unit. The result of the research is the development of the main functional blocks in the system of automatic voltage regulation with a thyristor pathogen and a brief explanation of their work. The synthesis technique of the excitation current regulator of a synchronous generator and the main indicators obtained in the modernization process are shown. In conclusion, all the functions inherent in the modernized system for automatically controlling the excitation of a synchronous generator, aimed at the safe operation of the hydraulic unit, are noted.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA PICO-HYDRO DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN ALTERNATOR UNTUK MEMBANTU PENERANGAN JALAN SEPUTARAN KEBUN SALAK

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurva Alipan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
High Water ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Average Water

AbstractThe final project is aimed at realizing a Pico-hydro Power Plant that can be used for street lighting around the salak garden, as well as find out the performance of the pico-hydro power plant which can be used for electrical energy needs such as street lighting. Design and manufacture of pico-hydro power plant requires several supporting components such as: (a). Pelton type turbine; (b). 3 phase AC generator; (c). Accumulator 12volt 3.5Ah; (d). 3 phase full phase rectifier circuit; (e). Charger control regulator circuit; (f). Inverter circuit; And (g). Energy saving lamps. The process of the beginning includes: (a). Analyzing the needs of both equipment and materials needs, (b). Do the design process, (c). Design of Pico Hydro Power Plant (PLTPH), (d). Testing tool. Based on the performance test results, Pico-Hydro Power Station can work well. This can be seen from the indicators of high water flow discharge can rotate the turbine quickly during the rainy season the flow of water will be higher turbine will also spin faster. Water discharge is very influential on the rotation of the generator, if the water discharge is high then the charging will be faster. Conversely when the water discharge decreases the charging will be long. The average water discharge of 0.061 - 0.065 can rotate the 371 rpm generator producing an average voltage of 17.5 volts. At a voltage generated from an inverter of 220 Volts can supply a number of 5-sized lamps 15 Watt. The result of the generator test produces a voltage of 12 V AC with a current of 2 Ampere converted to an inverter DC voltage to AC to 220 V with 100 Watt power. Keywords : pico-hydro, 3 phase AC generator,  water discharge AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk merealisasikan sebuah Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Pico-hydro yang dapat digunakan untuk penerangan jalan seputaran kebun salak, serta mengetahui unjuk kerja dari pembangkit listrik tenaga pico-hydro yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk kebutuhan energi listrik seperti penerangan jalan. Perancangan dan pembuatan pembangkit listrik tenaga pico-hydro membutuhkan beberapa komponen pendukung diantaranya: a). turbin berjenis pelton; b). generator AC 3 fasa; c). accumulator 12volt 3,5Ah; d). rangkaian penyearah gelombang penuh 3 fasa; e). rangkaian charger control regulator; f). rangkaian inverter; dan g). lampu hemat energi. Proses pembuatan alat, meliputi: a). menganalisis kebutuhan baik kebutuhan alat dan bahan, b). melakukan proses perancangan, c). pembuatan desain Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Pico Hydro (PLTPH), d). pengujian alat. Berdasarkan hasil uji kinerja, Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Pico-Hydro dapat bekerja dengan baik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari indikator debit aliran air yang tinggi dapat memutar turbin dengan cepat. Saat musim hujan aliran air akan semakin tinggi sehingga turbin juga akan berputar lebih cepat. Debit air sangat berpengaruh terhadap putaran generator, jika debit air tinggi maka pengisian akan lebih cepat. Sebaliknya saat debit air menurun pengisian akan lama. Debit air rata-rata 0,061 - 0,065 dapat memutar generator 371 rpm menghasilkan tegangan rata-rata 17,5 volt. Pada tegangan yang dihasilkan dari inverter sebesar 220 Volt dapat mensuplai sejumlah lampu 5 berukuran 15 Watt. Hasil pengujian generator menghasilkan tegangan 12 V AC dengan arus 2 Ampere dikonversi ke inverter tegangan DC ke AC menjadi 220 V dengan daya 100 Watt. Kata kunci: pico-hydro, generator AC 3 fasa, debit air

scholarly journals Development of a Hydropower Turbine Using Seawater from a Fish Farm

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Md Rakibuzzaman ◽  
Sang-Ho Suh ◽  
Hyoung-Ho Kim ◽  
Youngtae Ryu ◽  
Kyung Yup Kim
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Guide Vane ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Data Simulation ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Hydropower Plants

Discharge water from fish farms is a clean, renewable, and abundant energy source that has been used to obtain renewable energy via small hydropower plants. Small hydropower plants may be installed at offshore fish farms where suitable water is obtained throughout the year. It is necessary to meet the challenges of developing small hydropower systems, including sustainability and turbine efficiency. The main objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of constructing a small hydropower plant and develop 100 kW class propeller-type turbines in a fish farm with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The turbine was optimized using a computer simulation, and an experiment was conducted to obtain performance data. Simulation results were then validated with experimental results. Results revealed that streamlining the designed shape of the guide vane reduced the flow separation and improved the efficiency of the turbine. Optimizing the shape of the runner vane decreased the flow rate, reducing the water power and increasing the efficiency by about 5.57%. Also, results revealed that tubular or cross-flow turbines could be suitable for use in fish farm power plants, and the generator used should be waterproofed to avoid exposure to seawater.

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