scholarly journals A Study of the Duration of Controlled Speech in Right Hemisphere of the Brain Damaged Male Participants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Agniva Pal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Normal Controls

This is a neuro-linguistic research which compares Bangla speaking right hemisphere damaged (furthermore to be called RHD) male participants to age and gender matched normal males who have been selected from the same family as the right hemisphere damaged participants. RHD or right hemisphere damaged participants are those who have lesions or damages in the right hemisphere of the brain or both. This paper pertains to the understanding how a lesion or a damage in the right hemisphere can cause changes in the pattern of communication of adult males in the age group of 45 to 70. This paper discerns the difference in durations of controlled speech in RHD males compared to age and gender matched normal controls. It will be measured with the help a predetermined passage. A passage will be played to them, using a media player (to make sure everyone listens to the same recording, ruling out chances of error there) and then they will be asked to repeat the same passage, as much as they can remember. In this research, we will be looking at the time they would take to narrate the whole passage without missing out on anything.

scholarly journals Pitch Range in Discourse, for female RHD participants

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Dr. Agniva Pal
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pitch Range ◽  
Pitch Information ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

This paper conducts a cross sectional study on 4 Bangla speaking RHD (right hemisphere of the brain damaged) participants at the level of discourse (controlled conversation, in lines of narrated stories being retold by the participants), along with 4 age and gender matched controls. We looked at the pitch range in discourse, for these participants. Pitch range is the difference between the highest pitch and lowest pitch points used in the course of a discourse. The ability to modulate the pitch of voice is attributed to the right hemisphere of the brain and damage to it causes inhibitions in the ability to modulate the minimum and maximum pitch. This is important because we convey a lot of information through the use of pitch. Loss of information in speech, in terms of pitch information is very common among stroke patients, if there is damage to the right brain. The loss of pitch information in voice is manifested in a manner such that individuals without training or resources and tools would find it difficult to understand RHD issues.

scholarly journals The Influence of a Vitrectomy on the Diurnal Intraocular Pressure

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Woo Lee ◽  
Joon Mo Kim ◽  
Seong Hee Shim ◽  
Da Yeong Kim ◽  
Jeong Hun Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Diurnal Fluctuation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Diurnal Iop ◽  
Maximum Minimum ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Healthy Eyes

Purpose. To evaluate the diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes after vitrectomy compared to that of healthy eyes.Methods. Twenty-one patients who had undergone vitrectomy and 21 age- and gender-matched normal controls were enrolled during the same period. We measured the diurnal IOP every two hours between 9 a.m. and 11 p.m. in all patients who were admitted for cataract surgery. Patients with a history of eye surgery (not including vitrectomy) or use of a medication that is associated with IOP were excluded. The IOP and ocular parameters of patients were compared with the same patients’ fellow healthy eyes and with normal eyes of age- and gender-matched controls.Results. There were no significant differences between vitrectomized eyes and normal fellow eyes with regard to all IOP parameters including the maximum, minimum, and IOP fluctuation values. Diurnal fluctuation of IOP (or the difference between the maximum and minimum IOP) was larger in vitrectomized eyes than it was in age- and gender-matched control eyes.Conclusions. Vitrectomy did not markedly affect the IOP. Although there were no severe complications after vitrectomy, the IOP fluctuation was wider in vitrectomized eyes than it was in normal eyes.

scholarly journals Investigation of the femoral inclination and Alsberg angles according to age and gender in adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Seda SERTEL MEYVACI ◽  
Yasin Emre KAYA
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Objectives: The objective of our study was to examine the changes in the inclination and Alsberg angles of the femur in terms of age and gender. Methods: The present study was conducted on X-Ray images of 208 healthy individuals (103 males and 105 females) admitted to Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinics. Both genders were separated into 3 different age groups. Statistical analyses were made to determine the difference between the gender and age groups. Results: The mean inclination angle of the femur was 132.88±7.08º on the right-side and 130.27±7.81º on the left. The mean Alsberg angle of the femur was 42.07±7.04º on the right-side and 41.43±7.03º on the left. The inclination angle was significantly higher in males than females on both sides and was significantly lower in 41–60 age group. The Alsberg angle was also significantly higher in males than females in 21–40 age group. Conclusion: The Alsberg angle is positively related with inclination angle, and subject to change by age. Knowing how IA and AA will be affected by age and gender and knowing the relation between these two angles will help to take a more accurate approach while evaluating and managing the follow up of a patient undergoing total hip arthroplasty, reconstructive surgery or planning physical theraphy.

Experimental Investigation into Driver Behavior along Curved and Parallel Diverging Terminals of Exit Interchange Ramps

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199742
Author(s):  
Alberto Portera ◽  
Marco Bassani
Keyword(s):  
Design Stage ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Current Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Safety Countermeasures ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Curve Radius

Current design manuals provide guidance on how to design exit ramps to facilitate driving operations and minimize the incidence of crashes. They also suggest that interchanges should be built along straight roadway sections. These criteria may prove ineffective in situations where there is no alternative to terminals being located along curved motorway segments. The paper investigates driving behavior along parallel deceleration curved terminals, with attention paid to the difference in impact between terminals having a curvature which is the same sign as the motorway segment (i.e., continue design), and those having an opposite curvature (i.e., reverse design). A driving simulation study was set up to collect longitudinal and transversal driver behavioral data in response to experimental factor variations. Forty-eight drivers were stratified on the basis of age and gender, and asked to drive along three randomly assigned circuits with off-ramps obtained by combining experimental factors such as motorway mainline curve radius (2 values), terminal length (3), curve direction (2), and traffic conditions (2). The motorway radius was found to be significant for drivers’ preferred speed when approaching the terminal. Terminal length and traffic volume do not have a significant impact on either longitudinal or transversal driver outputs. However, the effect of curve direction was found to be significant, notably for reverse terminals which do not compel drivers to select appropriate speeds and lane change positions. This terminal type can give rise to critical driving situations that should be considered at the design stage to facilitate the adoption of appropriate safety countermeasures.

scholarly journals The bowel and beyond: extracolonic findings from CT colonography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Lambe ◽  
Peter Hughes ◽  
Louise Rice ◽  
Caoimhe McDonnell ◽  
Mark Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Colonography ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Extracolonic Findings ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
And Gender

AbstractCT colonography has emerged as the investigation of choice for suspected colorectal cancer in patients when a colonoscopy in incomplete, is deemed high risk or is declined because of patient preference. Unlike a traditional colonoscopy, it frequently reveals extracolonic as well as colonic findings. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics and potential significance of extracolonic findings on CT colonography within our own institution. A retrospective review was performed of 502 patients who underwent CT colonography in our institution between January 1, 2010 and January 4, 2015. Of 502 patients, 60.63% had at least one extracolonic finding. This was close to other similar-sized studies (Kumar et al. Radiology 236(2):519–526, 2005). However, our rate of E4 findings was significantly higher than that reported in larger studies at 5.3%(Pooler et al. AJR 206:313–318, 2016). The difference may be explained by our combination of symptomatic/screening patients or by the age and gender distribution of our population. Our study lends support to the hypothesis that CT colonography may be particularly useful in identifying clinically significant extracolonic findings in symptomatic patients. CT colonography may allow early identification of extracolonic malignancies and life-threatening conditions such as an abdominal aortic aneurysm at a preclinical stage when they are amenable to medical or surgical intervention. However, extracolonic findings may also result in unnecessary investigations for subsequently benign findings.

Neurospect Findings in Patients Exposed to Neurotoxic Chemicals

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 561-571
Author(s):  
Gunnar Heuser ◽  
Ismael Mena ◽  
Francisca Alamos
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Exposures to neurotoxic chemicals such as pesticides, glues, solvents, etc. are known to induce neurologic and psychiatric symptomatology. We report on 41 patients 16 young patients (6 males, 10 females, age 34 8 yrs.) and 25 elderly patients (9 males, 16 females, age 55 7 yrs). Fifteen of them were exposed to pesticides, and 29 to solvents. They were studied with quantitative and qualitative analysis of regional cerebral bood flow (rCBF), performed with 30 mCi of Xe-133 by inhalation, followed by 30 mCi of Tc-HMPAO given intravenously. Imaging was performed with a brain dedicated system, distribution of rCBF was assessed with automatic ROI definition, and HMPAO was normalized to maximal pixel activity in the brain. Results of Xe rCBF are expressed as mean and S.D. in ml/min/100g, and HMPAO as mean and S.D. uptake per ROI, and compared with age-matched controls 10 young and 20 elderly individuals. Neurotoxics HMPAO Uptake Young Elderly R. Orbital frontal R. Dorsal frontal .70 .66 p < 0.05 R. Temporal .64 p < 0.001 R. Parietal .66 .66 We conclude that patients exposed to chemicals present with diminished CBF, worse in the right hemisphere, with random presentation of areas of hypoperfusion, more prevalent in the dorsal frontal and parietal lobes. These findings are significantly different from observations in patients with chronic fatigue and depression, suggesting primary cortical effect, possibly due to a vasculitis process.

Area, Age and Gender Dependence of the Nucleoside System in the Brain: a Review of Current Literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1012-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Kovacs ◽  
Gabor Juhasz ◽  
Miklos Palkovits ◽  
Arpad Dobolyi ◽  
Katalin A. Kekesi
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Dependence ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Low-frequency electroencephalogram oscillations govern left-eye lateralization during anti-predatory responses in the music frog

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (21) ◽  
pp. jeb232637
Author(s):  
Jiangyan Shen ◽  
Ke Fang ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Yanzhu Fan ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Left Visual Field ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The Right ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Steady Velocity

ABSTRACTVisual lateralization is widespread for prey and anti-predation in numerous taxa. However, it is still unknown how the brain governs this asymmetry. In this study, we conducted behavioral and electrophysiological experiments to evaluate anti-predatory behaviors and dynamic brain activities in Emei music frogs (Nidirana daunchina), to explore the potential eye bias for anti-predation and the underlying neural mechanisms. To do this, predator stimuli (a model snake head and a leaf as a control) were moved around the subjects in clockwise and anti-clockwise directions at steady velocity. We counted the number of anti-predatory responses and measured electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectra for each band and brain area (telencephalon, diencephalon and mesencephalon). Our results showed that (1) no significant eye preferences could be found for the control (leaf); however, the laterality index was significantly lower than zero when the predator stimulus was moved anti-clockwise, suggesting that left-eye advantage exists in this species for anti-predation; (2) compared with no stimulus in the visual field, the power spectra of delta and alpha bands were significantly greater when the predator stimulus was moved into the left visual field anti-clockwise; and, (3) generally, the power spectra of each band in the right-hemisphere for the left visual field were higher than those in the left counterpart. These results support that the left eye mediates the monitoring of a predator in music frogs and lower-frequency EEG oscillations govern this visual lateralization.

Subjective Time Experience in an Intergenerational Sample

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela E. Cooper ◽  
L. Eugene Thomas ◽  
Scott J. Stevens ◽  
David Suscovich
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Time Experience ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

The roles chronological age and gender play in subjective time experience were explored in a sample of 294 adult men and women. Subjective time experience (STE: the difference between subjective age and chronological age) was found to vary widely among individuals, with some being “accurate” (SA = CA), and others either “retarded” (SA < CA) or “advanced” (SA > CA). Males were more retarded in STE than females at every point in the lifespan, and patterns of age differences in adulthood differed for the two sexes as well. The results suggest that chronological age may play a key role in transitions in STE, and that chronological age is more significant in the STE of women than in the STE of men.

Asymmetries of Sensory Functions (Spatial and Temporal Discrimination) in Normal Persons

1947 ◽  
Vol 93 (391) ◽  
pp. 318-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Fleischhacker
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Temporal Discrimination ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Sensory Functions

Commenting on the different symptoms produced by disturbances of the left hemisphere (aphasia, apraxia, etc.) and of the right (dreamy states, hallucinations, etc.), Hughlings Jackson on many occasions pointed out that there exists a “duality” of the brain; the anterior parts of the left hemisphere serving more controlled and objective purposes, the posterior parts of the right more subjective† and the anterior parts of the right serving more automatic purposes. Consequently, quoting Bastian and Rosenthal to support him, he tendered the suggestion that “mental” symptoms might be indicative of a disturbance particularly of the posterior parts of the right hemisphere (in right-handed people).

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