scholarly journals Effectiveness of Some Reading Activities towards Improving the Reading Abilities of Primary School Pupils in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Mkpa Agu Mkpa ◽  
Ekoh-Nweke Angela Chekwube
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Paired Reading ◽  
Reading Abilities ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Treatment Experiment ◽  
Primary School Pupils ◽  
And Control ◽  
Reading Activities

The study sought to determine if the utilization of three reading activities in a remediation class for experimental (E) group of primary five (5) pupils who were deficient in reading would improve their reading abilities over their counterparts in the control (C) group taught the remedial lessons through the traditional teacher-centered approach. It also investigated if sex would be a significant factor in determining the performance of the treatment and control groups. Two research questions and two null hypothesis guided the study. The subjects were made up of 38 reading-deficient primary five (5) pupils randomly assigned to the two treatment groups. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made and validated reading assessment checklist, the inter-rater reliability coefficient of which yielded an index of 0.82 using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficients. The C and E group teachers received orientations on the approaches to adopt to carry out their task. Steps were taken to establish equivalence of the instructional conditions of the two groups, the only difference being the experimental treatment which consisted of the use of 3 activities: Reading chart activity, Paired reading and Command card game. After the remedial treatment experiment which lasted for three weeks of compact activities, the E and C subjects were tested with their class-appropriate reader. Results established the significant superiority of the experimental group over the control. Sex was not found to be a significant factor as no difference existed between the male and female pupils in the E and C groups.

Efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch Plus Protocol for Improvement of Fertility in Postpartum Sahiwal Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lakher ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
J. R. Khan ◽  
M. R. Poyam
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
And Control

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol in postpartum (day 60) Sahiwal cows (n=18). Animals were randomly divided into three equal groups, viz., Ovsynch group Ovsynch plus group and Control group. Animals of group I (n = 6) were treated with traditional Ovsynch protocol. The animals (n = 6) of group II were treated with Ovsynch plus protocol which consisted of an initial intramuscular injection of eCG (Folligon) @ 250 IU on day 60 postpartum followed 3 days later by GPG (Ovsynch) protocol. In group-III Control, no treatment was given to animals (n = 6). Treated animals were inseminated at a fixed time between 14 and 20 hrs after second GnRH injection, irrespective of estrus detection. Blood samples were collected from each animal on days 50 and 60 postpartum to determine the status of cyclicity in animals based on serum concentrations of progesterone (P4). A third blood sample was collected on the day of prostaglandin treatment to determine the response of first GnRH injection. Four animals each were cyclic, and two were acyclic in both treatment groups. Four animals each responded to first GnRH treatment in both treatment groups. Similarly, two animals each got conceived giving conception rate of 50% (2/4) in each treatment. In the control group, one out of 6 animals got conceived yielding 16.66 % conception rate (1/6) during the study period. It may be thus concluded that Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol may be used during the early postpartum period to improve the reproductive efficiency in postpartum Sahiwal cows.

scholarly journals Information and information resources in COVID-19: Awareness, control, and prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 096100062110165
Author(s):  
Mohammadhiwa Abdekhoda ◽  
Fatemeh Ranjbaran ◽  
Asghar Sattari
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the role of information and information resources in the awareness, control, and prevention of COVID-19. This study was a descriptive-analytical survey in which 450 participants were selected for the study. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data through SPSS. The findings show that a wide range of mass media has become well known as information resources for COVID-19. Other findings indicate a significant statistical difference in the rate of using information resources during COVID-19 based on age and gender; however, this difference is not significant regarding the reliability of information resources with regard to age and gender. Health information has an undisputable role in the prevention and control of pandemic diseases such as COVID-19. Providing accurate, reliable, and evidence-based information in a timely manner for the use of resources and information channels related to COVID-19 can be a fast and low-cost strategic approach in confronting this disease.

scholarly journals Cord Blood Extracellular Vesicles Analyzed by Flow Cytometry with Thresholding Using 405 nm or 488 nm Laser Leads to Concurrent Results

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1320
Author(s):  
Kristýna Pekárková ◽  
Jakub Soukup ◽  
Marie Kostelanská ◽  
Jan Širc ◽  
Zbyněk Straňák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Flow Cytometer ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Term Births ◽  
And Control

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from liquid biopsies are extensively analyzed by flow cytometry, a technology that is continuously evolving. Thresholding utilizing a violet 405 nm laser side scatter (VSSC) has recently been implemented. Here, we collected set of large EV (lEV) samples from cord blood, which we analyzed using a standard flow cytometer improved via a 405 nm laser side scatter. Samples were analyzed using two distinct thresholding methods—one based on VSSC, and one based on VSSC combined with fluorescence thresholding on stained phosphatidylserine. Through these thresholding methods, we compared lEVs from pre-term births and control cord blood. Double-labeled lEVs with platelet CD36+/CD41+, activated platelet CD41+/CD62P+ and endothelial CD31+/CD105+ antibodies were used. Apart from comparing the two groups together, we also correlated measured lEVs with the thresholding methods. We also correlated the results of this study with data analyzed in our previous study in which we used a conventional 488 nm laser SSC. We did not find any difference between the two cord blood groups. However, we found highly concurrent data via our correlation of the thresholding methods, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.80 to 0.96 even though the numbers of detected lEVs differed between thresholding methods. In conclusion, our approaches to thresholding provided concurrent data and it seems that improving the cytometer with the use of a VSSC increases its sensitivity, despite not being particularly critical to the validity of flow cytometric studies that compare pathological and physiological conditions in liquid biopsies.

scholarly journals Real-Time In Vivo Bioluminescent Imaging for Evaluating the Efficacy of Antibiotics in a Rat Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Q. Xiong ◽  
Julie Willard ◽  
Jagath L. Kadurugamuwa ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Kevin P. Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Bioluminescent Imaging ◽  
Vancomycin Therapy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Relevant Animal Model ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Therapeutic options for invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections have become limited due to rising antimicrobial resistance, making relevant animal model testing of new candidate agents more crucial than ever. In the present studies, a rat model of aortic infective endocarditis (IE) caused by a bioluminescently engineered, biofilm-positive S. aureus strain was used to evaluate real-time antibiotic efficacy directly. This strain was vancomycin and cefazolin susceptible but gentamicin resistant. Bioluminescence was detected and quantified daily in antibiotic-treated and control animals with IE, using a highly sensitive in vivo imaging system (IVIS). Persistent and increasing cardiac bioluminescent signals (BLS) were observed in untreated animals. Three days of vancomycin therapy caused significant reductions in both cardiac BLS (>10-fold versus control) and S. aureus densities in cardiac vegetations (P < 0.005 versus control). However, 3 days after discontinuation of vancomycin therapy, a greater than threefold increase in cardiac BLS was observed, indicating relapsing IE (which was confirmed by quantitative culture). Cefazolin resulted in modest decreases in cardiac BLS and bacterial densities. These microbiologic and cardiac BLS differences during therapy correlated with a longer time-above-MIC for vancomycin (>12 h) than for cefazolin (∼4 h). Gentamicin caused neither a reduction in cardiac S. aureus densities nor a reduction in BLS. There were significant correlations between cardiac BLS and S. aureus densities in vegetations in all treatment groups. These data suggest that bioluminescent imaging provides a substantial advance in the real-time monitoring of the efficacy of therapy of invasive S. aureus infections in live animals.

A prospective randomized study to assess the efficacy of post-operative nasal medication after endonasal surgery

1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 618-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. R. Spraggs ◽  
Marcelle Macnamara ◽  
Theo Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Study ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Ephedrine Hydrochloride ◽  
Patent Airway ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate

AbstractPost-operative nasal medications are commonly used following routine septal or turbinate surgery but their efficacy in removing blood clots, improving the sensation of a patent airway and promoting healing are unknown. This prospective randomized trial of patients undergoing septal and/or turbinate surgery assessed the efficacy of three commonly used nasal medicines, 0.5 per cent ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops, betamethasone sodium phosphate (Betnosol®) nose drops and alkaline nasal douches, in producing the sensation of a patent airway in the 14 days following surgery. Ninety-seven patients were randomized into the three treatment groups and a control group who received no nasal medication. Patients assessed their nasal patency by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS) and any complications of treatment were recorded. Statistical analysis of the 76 complete sets of results using the Mann-Whitney U-test showed that there was a significant difference in the distribution of all of the treatments for each of the time intervals (p<0.05). Glass rank biserial correlation coefficients were all small (rg<0.085) but the most significant differences were between ephedrine and the control group at two hours, two, seven and 10 days (0.02, 0.054, 0.057, 0.085 respectively), alkaline nasal douches being most significant at four and 14 days (0.06 and 0.0722 respectively).

scholarly journals 136 EVIDENCE OF A DIRECT EFFECT OF P4 ON IVF-DERIVED BOVINE 8-CELL EMBRYOS

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E. Ferguson ◽  
T.R. Davidson ◽  
M.R.B. Mello ◽  
A.S. Lima ◽  
D.J. Kesler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
And Control

There has been much debate over a direct role for progesterone (P4) in early bovine embryo development. While previous attempts to supplement bovine embryos in vitro with P4 produced results that vary and are often contradictory, this may be a response of administering P4 at inappropriate times. Therefore, the objective of these experiments was to determine if P4 could exert a direct effect on developing IVF-derived bovine embryos when administered at an appropriate time of embryo development. In Exp. I, IVF-derived bovine 8-cell embryos were randomly allotted to treatments: (1) control, CR1aa medium (n = 168); (2) vehicle, CR1aa + ETOH (0.01%) (n = 170); and (3) P4, CR1aa + ETOH + P4 (20 ng/mL in 50-μL droplet) (n = 173). In Exp. II, IVF-derived bovine 8-cell embryos were randomly allotted to treatments: (1) control, CR1aa medium (n = 160); (2) vehicle, CR1aa + DMSO (0.01%) (n = 180); and (3) P4, CR1aa + DMSO (0.01%) + P4 (20 ng/mL in 50-μL droplet) (n = 170). All embryos were evaluated on Days 6 to 9 post-insemination and rates calculated from 8-cell embryos. In Exp. I, ETOH tended to have a detrimental effect with significantly fewer (P < 0.05) embryos (53%) developing to the blastocyst stage on Day 7 compared with the control (62%) and P4 (71%) groups. At Day 7, significantly more embryos cultured in P4 (71%) developed to the blastocyst stage compared with the control group (62%). P4 treatment significantly increased the number of Grade 1 blastocysts (25%) on Day 7 compared with vehicle (15%) and control (17%) groups. At the end of culture, there were also significantly more Day 9 hatched blastocysts in the P4 group (33%) compared with vehicle (22%) and control (21%) groups. Supplementing P4 in the culture medium increased the rate of development, resulting in significantly more blastocysts (8%) on Day 6 and hatched blastocysts (21%) on Day 8 compared with vehicle (3% and 12%) and control (0% and 8%) groups, respectively. In Exp. II, there were no significant differences between treatment groups for Day 7 blastocysts (control 54%, DMSO 61%, P4 57%) and Day 9 hatched blastocysts (control 46%, DMSO 51%, P4 46%). However, there were significantly more Grade 1 blastocysts in the P4 group (22% and 36%) on Days 6 and 8 compared with vehicle (11% and 23%) and control (13% and 23%) groups, respectively. The lack of improvement in Day 7 blastocysts and Day 9 hatched blastocysts rates leads to further uncertainty in understanding the P4 vehicle interactions. In conclusion, the results of these two experiments indicate that P4 can exert a direct effect on the developing IVF-derived bovine embryo; however, due to P4 vehicle interactions; other inert vehicles need to be explored to further evaluate the direct effects of P4 on the developing bovine embryo.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Terapi AIUEO terhadap Kemampuan Bicara Pasien Stroke yang Mengalami Afasia Motorik

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Afnijar Wahyu ◽  
Liza Wati ◽  
Murad Fajri
Keyword(s):  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Motor Aphasia ◽  
A Value ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients who have motor aphasia in Raja Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang. The research design used was quasi experiment with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design approach to 9 respondents who were divided into 9 treatment groups and 9 control groups. The results showed that there were significant differences in the functional ability of communication between the control and treatment groups with a value of p <0.05 (p = 0.007 at a = 0.05) using the Wilcoxon Test statistical test. Conclusion, the influence of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients with motor aphasia in the treatment and control groups at Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang.   Keywords: Speech Ability, Motor Aphasia Stroke, AIUEO Therapy

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF PUPILS’ EATING HABITS ON THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN THE CONTEMPORARY SCHOOL SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
Bernadette Egede ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
School Feeding ◽  
Primary School Pupils ◽  
The Relationship

The nexus between academic performance, nutrition and eating habit is globally recognized to the extent that it has inspired various strategies such as ‘school feeding programmes’ in many nations including Nigeria. This correlational study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between the eating habits of primary school pupils and their academic performance, using a survey design. Fifty pupils in two intact classes from two schools in rural areas, formed the sample. Data was collected using interviewer-questionnaire, coupled with naturalistic observation, for the eating habits and their results from the term’s examination done within the same periodin the schools. The data was analyzed using SPSS – 23 to determine the correlation coefficients. The results suggest that there is strong relationship between pupils’ eating habits, in terms of frequency of feeding, quality of feeding pattern, and quality of breakfast and their academic performance. In addition, the pupils perceived that eating light breakfast enhances their attention span to learn unlike, skipping of breakfast and eating heavy breakfast. The results of this study provide empirical evidence which can be used to encourage parents in rural areas to provide adequate nutrition for their wards/children to enhance their performance in school as recommended in this paper.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Musik Daerah Untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Kecepatan Dan Ketepatan Mengetik Mahasiswa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Maya Setiawardani ◽  
Tintin Suhaeni
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Typing Skills ◽  
Regional Music ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

Mastery of keyboarding being part urgent to communicate through the computer, and very important, especially students who study in the field of business. On the other side, individual performance also influenced by the work environment, and music is one form the environment that could effect keyboarding performance. A model that can describe this is the stimulus-responsible model of mehrabian-russell which explains that music can affect the performance of individual writing. Almost all of Indonesia has traditional music. Therefore, research is needed to identify the effects of traditional music to enrich the area of innovation in strategies and techniques of learning keyboarding skills. In this study conducted an experiment on two groups, the treatment groups(traditional music) and control group (without traditional) and questionnaire to strengthen the experimental results. In preliminary tests of typing, both groups had a mean AWPM identical or similar. Furthermore, tests carried one, where the treatment group listened to five kinds of music Java, Sunda, and Bali. The test result and the result of the questionnaire showed that (typing skills shown by the average value of AWPM) will increase significantly used of traditional music as the background. So, the genre of traditional music can be stimulant to improve average performance of AWPM. There are three traditional kinds of music that can improve student typing speed and accuracy significantly, a regional music cublek-cublek suweng, kebiar bali, and oleg tambuliningan, but cublek-cublek suweng is a genre of traditional music that has the best effect. Therefore, the process of learning courses keyboarding skills needs to use instrumental traditional music, especially instrumental music that has a fast and cheerfully tempo.

scholarly journals The psychometric characteristics of the students' metamemory scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ali Al- Maamari ,  Fathi Mohammed Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
And Control

The topic of metamemory had attracted the attention of many researchers and scholars in the field of educational and cognitive psychology, especially how individuals become aware of and control their memory functions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to build a psychometric scale/questionnaire for measuring metamemory. The study was conducted among a sample of 200 students joining Sharia/Islamic Law, Arabic Language, Education, English Language, Science, Economics and Management at Al Qassim University. For the purpose of the content validity of the scale, it was verified by the raters’ agreement and the internal consistency of the items of the scale. Pearson correlation coefficient was also used to calculate correlation coefficients between the scores of each item and its dimension to ensure consistency and homogeneity of the items and dimensions of the scale. The correlation coefficients of the items of the scale and the total score of the dimension to which the items belong were all positive correlation coefficients and statistically significant at the level of 0.01, which confirms the consistency and homogeneity of the items of each dimension. The homogeneity of the dimensions of the scale was also verified by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients between the score of each dimension and the overall score of the scale. The reliability of the scale and its sub- dimensions was verified using the α- Cronbach Alpha coefficient. The results showed that the scale and its sub- dimensions had high and statistically acceptable validity and reliability coefficients. Such result indicates that the scale is statistically valid and reliable.    

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